Skip to content
PoliticalRepoPoliticalRepo

European Union · Question · QUESTION_ORAL

O-8-2018-000048

Distributed ledger technologies and blockchains: building trust with disintermediation

openEuropean Union· European Parliament· EN

Introduced

16 May 2018

Last action

16 May 2018 · Written question

Status

QUESTION_ORAL

Sponsors

Eva KAILI

Subjects

Discovery layer

Source updated

16 May 2018

Official titles

Authentic titles published by the source. The stored canonical title is not replaced.

23 official languages
  • Bulgarian

    Технологии на разпределен регистър и блокверигите: създаване на доверие чрез премахване на посредничеството

  • Czech

    Technologie distribuovaných účetních knih a blockchainy: budování důvěry s vynecháním zprostředkovatelů

  • Danish

    Distributed ledger-teknologier (DLT) og blockchains: en tillidsskabende indsats ved hjælp af disintermediation

  • German

    Dezentrale Transaktionsnetzwerke und Blockkettensysteme: mehr Vertrauen durch verringerte Kreditmittlertätigkeit

  • Greek

    Τεχνολογίες κατανεμημένου καθολικού και αλυσίδες συστοιχιών: οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης με αποδιαμεσολάβηση

  • Spanish

    Tecnologías de registros distribuidos y cadenas de bloques: fomentar la confianza con la desintermediación

  • Estonian

    Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

  • Finnish

    Hajautetun tilikirjan teknologia ja lohkoketjut: luottamuksen lisääminen välikäsien poistamisen avulla

  • French

    Technologies des registres distribués et chaînes de blocs: renforcer la confiance par la désintermédiation

  • Irish

    Teicneolaíochtaí mórleabhar dáilte agus blocshlabhraí: muinín a chothú le dí-idirmheánú

  • Croatian

    Tehnologija decentraliziranog vođenja evidencije transakcija i lanci blokova: izgradnja povjerenja poslovanjem bez posrednika

  • Hungarian

    Megosztott könyvelési technológiák és a blokkláncok: bizalomépítés a közvetítők kiiktatásával

  • Italian

    Tecnologie di registro distribuito e blockchain: creare fiducia attraverso la disintermediazione

  • Lithuanian

    Išsklaidytosios operacijų knygos technologijos ir blokų grandinės: pasitikėjimo įtvirtinimas atsisakant tarpininkavimo

  • Latvian

    Sadalītās virsgrāmatas tehnoloģija un blokķēde: uzticēšanās veidošana, atsakoties no starpniecības

  • Maltese

    Teknoloġiji tar-reġistru distribwit u blockchains: noħolqu l-fiduċja bid-diżintermedjazzjoni

  • Dutch

    "Distributed ledger"-technologieën en blockchains: vertrouwen opbouwen met desintermediatie

  • Polish

    Technologie rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchy bloków: budowanie zaufania do przepływów funduszy z pominięciem pośrednictwa bankowego

  • Portuguese

    Tecnologias de cadeia de blocos e aplicações de cifragem progressiva: reforçar a confiança através da desintermediação

  • Romanian

    Tehnologiile registrelor distribuite și tehnologiile blockchain: consolidarea încrederii prin eliminarea intermedierii

  • Slovak

    Technológie distribuovaných databáz transakcií a databázy typu blockchain: budovanie dôvery spojené so zánikom sprostredkovateľského článku

  • Slovenian

    Tehnologije distribuirane knjige transakcij in blokovne verige: vzpostavljanje zaupanja z opuščanjem posrednikov

  • Swedish

    Distribuerad databasteknik och blockkedjor: skapa förtroende genom disintermediering

Records

Official question O-8-2018-000048 from European Union at European Parliament. Dated 16 May 2018. Status: QUESTION_ORAL.

Timeline

  1. 16 May 2018

    Written question

    Distributed ledger technologies and blockchains: building trust with disintermediation

    Source: QUESTION_ORAL

Votes

No vote records are attached yet.

Versions

No version snapshots stored. Document URLs remain at the source.

Documents

96 official files

Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

View fileDownload file

This file cannot be previewed here. Use View or Download.

Reading translation

Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

    QUESTION_ORAL · ET

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

  • Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

    QUESTION_ORAL · ET · 18 September 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

    QUESTION_ORAL · ET · 18 September 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajusandmebaasi tehnoloogiad ja plokiahelad: usalduse suurendamine vahendajate kaotamise abil

    QUESTION_ORAL · ET · 18 September 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Distribuerad databasteknik och blockkedjor: skapa förtroende genom disintermediering

    QUESTION_ORAL · SV · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Distribuerad databasteknik och blockkedjor: skapa förtroende genom disintermediering

    QUESTION_ORAL · SV · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Distribuerad databasteknik och blockkedjor: skapa förtroende genom disintermediering

    QUESTION_ORAL · SV · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Distribuerad databasteknik och blockkedjor: skapa förtroende genom disintermediering

    QUESTION_ORAL · SV · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technológie distribuovaných databáz transakcií a databázy typu blockchain: budovanie dôvery spojené so zánikom sprostredkovateľského článku

    QUESTION_ORAL · SK · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technológie distribuovaných databáz transakcií a databázy typu blockchain: budovanie dôvery spojené so zánikom sprostredkovateľského článku

    QUESTION_ORAL · SK · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technológie distribuovaných databáz transakcií a databázy typu blockchain: budovanie dôvery spojené so zánikom sprostredkovateľského článku

    QUESTION_ORAL · SK · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technológie distribuovaných databáz transakcií a databázy typu blockchain: budovanie dôvery spojené so zánikom sprostredkovateľského článku

    QUESTION_ORAL · SK · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • "Distributed ledger"-technologieën en blockchains: vertrouwen opbouwen met desintermediatie

    QUESTION_ORAL · NL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • "Distributed ledger"-technologieën en blockchains: vertrouwen opbouwen met desintermediatie

    QUESTION_ORAL · NL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • "Distributed ledger"-technologieën en blockchains: vertrouwen opbouwen met desintermediatie

    QUESTION_ORAL · NL · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • "Distributed ledger"-technologieën en blockchains: vertrouwen opbouwen met desintermediatie

    QUESTION_ORAL · NL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologije distribuirane knjige transakcij in blokovne verige: vzpostavljanje zaupanja z opuščanjem posrednikov

    QUESTION_ORAL · SL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologije distribuirane knjige transakcij in blokovne verige: vzpostavljanje zaupanja z opuščanjem posrednikov

    QUESTION_ORAL · SL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologije distribuirane knjige transakcij in blokovne verige: vzpostavljanje zaupanja z opuščanjem posrednikov

    QUESTION_ORAL · SL · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologije distribuirane knjige transakcij in blokovne verige: vzpostavljanje zaupanja z opuščanjem posrednikov

    QUESTION_ORAL · SL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologiile registrelor distribuite și tehnologiile blockchain: consolidarea încrederii prin eliminarea intermedierii

    QUESTION_ORAL · RO · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologiile registrelor distribuite și tehnologiile blockchain: consolidarea încrederii prin eliminarea intermedierii

    QUESTION_ORAL · RO · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologiile registrelor distribuite și tehnologiile blockchain: consolidarea încrederii prin eliminarea intermedierii

    QUESTION_ORAL · RO · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologiile registrelor distribuite și tehnologiile blockchain: consolidarea încrederii prin eliminarea intermedierii

    QUESTION_ORAL · RO · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologie rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchy bloków: budowanie zaufania do przepływów funduszy z pominięciem pośrednictwa bankowego

    QUESTION_ORAL · PL · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologie rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchy bloków: budowanie zaufania do przepływów funduszy z pominięciem pośrednictwa bankowego

    QUESTION_ORAL · PL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologie rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchy bloków: budowanie zaufania do przepływów funduszy z pominięciem pośrednictwa bankowego

    QUESTION_ORAL · PL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologie rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchy bloków: budowanie zaufania do przepływów funduszy z pominięciem pośrednictwa bankowego

    QUESTION_ORAL · PL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Teknoloġiji tar-reġistru distribwit u blockchains: noħolqu l-fiduċja bid-diżintermedjazzjoni

    QUESTION_ORAL · MT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Teknoloġiji tar-reġistru distribwit u blockchains: noħolqu l-fiduċja bid-diżintermedjazzjoni

    QUESTION_ORAL · MT · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Teknoloġiji tar-reġistru distribwit u blockchains: noħolqu l-fiduċja bid-diżintermedjazzjoni

    QUESTION_ORAL · MT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Teknoloġiji tar-reġistru distribwit u blockchains: noħolqu l-fiduċja bid-diżintermedjazzjoni

    QUESTION_ORAL · MT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajautetun tilikirjan teknologia ja lohkoketjut: luottamuksen lisääminen välikäsien poistamisen avulla

    QUESTION_ORAL · FI · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajautetun tilikirjan teknologia ja lohkoketjut: luottamuksen lisääminen välikäsien poistamisen avulla

    QUESTION_ORAL · FI · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajautetun tilikirjan teknologia ja lohkoketjut: luottamuksen lisääminen välikäsien poistamisen avulla

    QUESTION_ORAL · FI · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Hajautetun tilikirjan teknologia ja lohkoketjut: luottamuksen lisääminen välikäsien poistamisen avulla

    QUESTION_ORAL · FI · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tecnologias de cadeia de blocos e aplicações de cifragem progressiva: reforçar a confiança através da desintermediação

    QUESTION_ORAL · PT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tecnologias de cadeia de blocos e aplicações de cifragem progressiva: reforçar a confiança através da desintermediação

    QUESTION_ORAL · PT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tecnologias de cadeia de blocos e aplicações de cifragem progressiva: reforçar a confiança através da desintermediação

    QUESTION_ORAL · PT · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tecnologias de cadeia de blocos e aplicações de cifragem progressiva: reforçar a confiança através da desintermediação

    QUESTION_ORAL · PT · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologies des registres distribués et chaînes de blocs: renforcer la confiance par la désintermédiation

    QUESTION_ORAL · FR · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologies des registres distribués et chaînes de blocs: renforcer la confiance par la désintermédiation

    QUESTION_ORAL · FR · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologies des registres distribués et chaînes de blocs: renforcer la confiance par la désintermédiation

    QUESTION_ORAL · FR · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Technologies des registres distribués et chaînes de blocs: renforcer la confiance par la désintermédiation

    QUESTION_ORAL · FR · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Τεχνολογίες κατανεμημένου καθολικού και αλυσίδες συστοιχιών: οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης με αποδιαμεσολάβηση

    QUESTION_ORAL · EL · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Τεχνολογίες κατανεμημένου καθολικού και αλυσίδες συστοιχιών: οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης με αποδιαμεσολάβηση

    QUESTION_ORAL · EL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Τεχνολογίες κατανεμημένου καθολικού και αλυσίδες συστοιχιών: οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης με αποδιαμεσολάβηση

    QUESTION_ORAL · EL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Τεχνολογίες κατανεμημένου καθολικού και αλυσίδες συστοιχιών: οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης με αποδιαμεσολάβηση

    QUESTION_ORAL · EL · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologija decentraliziranog vođenja evidencije transakcija i lanci blokova: izgradnja povjerenja poslovanjem bez posrednika

    QUESTION_ORAL · HR · 18 May 2018

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • Tehnologija decentraliziranog vođenja evidencije transakcija i lanci blokova: izgradnja povjerenja poslovanjem bez posrednika

    QUESTION_ORAL · HR · 18 May 2018

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

Documents page 1 of 2Next

Sponsors

Related records

No cross-record relationships stored yet.

Sources

PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.