Skip to content
PoliticalRepoPoliticalRepo

European Union · Resolution · RSP

2022/2571(RSP)

Situation in Afghanistan, in particular the situation of Women’s rights

votedEuropean Union· European Parliament· EN

Introduced

5 April 2022

Last action

7 April 2022 · Vote results

Status

PLENARY_VOTE

Sponsors

—

Subjects

Discovery layer

Source updated

7 April 2022

Official titles

Authentic titles published by the source. The stored canonical title is not replaced.

23 official languages
  • Bulgarian

    Положението в Афганистан, и по-специално положението относно правата на жените

  • Czech

    Situace v Afghánistánu, zejména v oblasti práv žen

  • Danish

    Situationen i Afghanistan, navnlig situationen for kvinders rettigheder

  • German

    Die Lage in Afghanistan, insbesondere die Lage der Frauenrechte

  • Greek

    Η κατάσταση στο Αφγανιστάν, και ιδίως η κατάσταση των δικαιωμάτων των γυναικών

  • Spanish

    Situación en Afganistán, en particular por lo que respecta a los derechos de las mujeres

  • Estonian

    Afganistani olukord ja eelkõige naiste õiguste olukord

  • Finnish

    Afganistanin tilanne ja erityisesti naisten oikeuksien tilanne

  • French

    Situation en Afghanistan, en particulier la situation des droits des femmes

  • Irish

    An staid san Afganastáin, go háirithe staid chearta na mBan

  • Croatian

    Stanje u Afganistanu, posebno stanje u području ženskih prava

  • Hungarian

    Az afganisztáni helyzet, különös tekintettel a nők jogainak helyzetére

  • Italian

    Situazione in Afghanistan, in particolare per quanto concerne i diritti delle donne

  • Lithuanian

    Padėtis Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėtis

  • Latvian

    Stāvoklis Afganistānā, jo īpaši stāvoklis sieviešu tiesību jomā

  • Maltese

    Is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

  • Dutch

    De situatie in Afghanistan, met name de situatie van de rechten van de vrouw

  • Polish

    Sytuacja w Afganistanie, w szczególności w zakresie praw kobiet

  • Portuguese

    Situação no Afeganistão, em particular a situação dos direitos das mulheres

  • Romanian

    SItuația din Afganistan, în special situația drepturilor femeilor

  • Slovak

    Situácia v Afganistane, najmä situácia v oblasti práv žien

  • Slovenian

    Razmere v Afganistanu, zlasti stanje na področju pravic žensk

  • Swedish

    Situationen i Afghanistan, särskilt situationen för kvinnors rättigheter

Records

Official resolution 2022/2571(RSP) from European Union at European Parliament. Dated 5 April 2022. Status: PLENARY_VOTE.

Timeline

  1. 5 April 2022

    Plenary debate

    Source: PLENARY_DEBATE

  2. 5 April 2022

    Introduced

    Situation in Afghanistan, in particular the situation of Women’s rights

    Source: RSP

  3. 7 April 2022

    Vote results

    Source: PLENARY_VOTE_RESULTS

Votes

No vote records are attached yet.

Versions

No version snapshots stored. Document URLs remain at the source.

Documents

348 official files

PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji dotyczącej praw kobiet

Download file

This file cannot be previewed here. Use View or Download.

Reading translation

Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji dotyczącej praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji dotyczącej praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji w zakresie praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji w zakresie praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji w zakresie praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROJEKT REZOLUCJI w sprawie sytuacji w Afganistanie, w szczególności sytuacji w zakresie praw kobiet

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • FORSLAG TIL BESLUTNING om situationen i Afghanistan, navnlig situationen med hensyn til kvinders rettigheder

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · DA · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • FORSLAG TIL BESLUTNING om situationen i Afghanistan, navnlig situationen med hensyn til kvinders rettigheder

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · DA · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • FORSLAG TIL BESLUTNING om situationen i Afghanistan, navnlig situationen med hensyn til kvinders rettigheder

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · DA · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • FORSLAG TIL BESLUTNING om situationen i Afghanistan, navnlig situationen med hensyn til kvinders rettigheder

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · DA · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PASIŪLYMAS DĖL REZOLIUCIJOS dėl padėties Afganistane, ypač moterų teisių padėties

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · LT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ЗА РЕЗОЛЮЦИЯ относно положението в Афганистан, и по-специално положението с правата на жените

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · BG · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ЗА РЕЗОЛЮЦИЯ относно положението в Афганистан, и по-специално положението с правата на жените

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · BG · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI dwar is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, b'mod partikolari s-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tan-nisa

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · MT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPOSTA DE RESOLUÇÃO sobre a situação no Afeganistão, nomeadamente a situação dos direitos das mulheres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPOSTA DE RESOLUÇÃO sobre a situação no Afeganistão, nomeadamente a situação dos direitos das mulheres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PREDLOG RESOLUCIJE o razmerah v Afganistanu, zlasti stanju na področju pravic žensk

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SL · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPUESTA DE RESOLUCIÓN sobre la situación en Afganistán, en particular sobre la situación de los derechos de las mujeres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · ES · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPUESTA DE RESOLUCIÓN sobre la situación en Afganistán, en particular sobre la situación de los derechos de las mujeres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · ES · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • NÁVRH UZNESENIA o situácii v Afganistane, najmä o situácii v oblasti práv žien

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · SK · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ЗА РЕЗОЛЮЦИЯ относно положението в Афганистан, по-специално положението с правата на жените

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · BG · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ЗА РЕЗОЛЮЦИЯ относно положението в Афганистан, по-специално положението с правата на жените

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · BG · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPOSTA DE RESOLUÇÃO sobre a situação no Afeganistão, nomeadamente a situação dos direitos das mulheres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PT · 6 April 2022

    DownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

  • PROPOSTA DE RESOLUÇÃO sobre a situação no Afeganistão, nomeadamente a situação dos direitos das mulheres

    RESOLUTION_MOTION · PT · 6 April 2022

    ViewDownloadOpen at official source

    Reading translation

    Translate this document into your language. PoliticalRepo does not store a separate copy per EU language.

    On-demand whole-document translation with a downloadable PDF (logo + link to the official source). The official file stays authoritative.

PreviousDocuments page 5 of 7Next

Sponsors

No sponsors or actors listed by the source.

Related records

No cross-record relationships stored yet.

Sources

PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.