United States · United States Congress · 4 February 1993
Constitutional Amendment - Prohibits outlays for a fiscal year (except those for repayment of debt principal) from exceeding total receipts (except those derived from borrowing) for that fiscal year unless the Congress, by a three-fifths roll call vote of each House, authorizes a specific excess of outlays over receipts. Requires a three-fifths roll call vote of each House to increase the public debt. Directs the President to submit a balanced budget to the Congress. Requires the approval of a majority of each House by roll call vote before any bill to increase revenue may become law. Waives these provisions when a declaration of war is in effect. Waives these provisions when the United States is engaged in a military conflict which poses a threat to national security as declared by a joint resolution adopted by a majority of each House.
United States · United States Congress · 3 February 1993
Jefferson Commemorative Coin Act of 1993 - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to issue one-dollar silver coins emblematic of Thomas Jefferson and his home, Monticello. Mandates that all surcharges received from the sale of such coins be paid to the Jefferson Endowment Fund, and to the Corporation for Jefferson's Poplar Forest. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the coin program shall be self-sustaining and that its administration should result in no net cost to the Numismatic Public Enterprise Fund.
United States · United States Congress · 3 February 1993
Americans with Disabilities Business Development Act of 1993 - Amends the Small Business Act to: (1) substitute the definition of "disability" (a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual) for "handicapped individual"; and (2) include Americans with disabilities among those considered to be socially disadvantaged for purposes of such Act.
United States · United States Congress · 3 February 1993
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to reduce the individual and corporate capital gains rate from 28 percent and 34 percent to 15 percent. Reduces the minimum tax rate accordingly. Reduces such tax to 7.5 percent for low- and middle-income taxpayers. Requires indexing, based on the gross national product deflator, of the adjusted basis of certain assets (corporate stock and tangible property that is a capital asset of property used in a trade or business) that have been held for more than one year at the time of sale or other transfer, solely for the purpose of determining gain or loss.
United States · United States Congress · 2 February 1993
Declaration of Official Language Act of 1993 - Declares English to be the official language of the U.S. Government. States that English is the preferred language of communication among U.S. citizens. Requires the Government of the United States to promote and support the use of English for communications among U.S. citizens. Requires communications by officers and employees of the Government with U.S. citizens to be in English. Directs the Immigration and Naturalization Service to establish: (1) an English language proficiency standard for all applicants for U.S. citizenship; and (2) a written and oral examination to test for the achievement of such standard by such applicants. Repeals the Bilingual Education Act (title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965). Amends the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to repeal bilingual election requirements.
United States · United States Congress · 2 February 1993
TITLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: AFDC Transition and Work Program Title II: Expanded State Waiver Authority Title III: Miscellaneous Amendments Responsibility and Empowerment Support Program Providing Employment, Child Care, and Training Act - Title I: AFDC Transition and Work Program - Amends part A (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) (AFDC) of title IV of the Social Security Act (SSA) to require States to establish programs to provide AFDC recipients with the education, training, job search, and work experience needed to prepare them for life without AFDC. Amends SSA title IV part F (Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program) to tie revised work supplementation and community work experience programs under such part to the new State programs established above under SSA title IV part A. Amends the Food Stamp Act of 1977 to allow States to elect to subsidize jobs for work supplementation program participants out of funds that would otherwise be payable as food stamp benefits. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to pay such States amounts equal to such food stamp benefits. Title II: Expanded State Waiver Authority - Establishes an Interagency Waiver Request Board in order to provide a focal point within the Federal Government for the development and coordination of requests to waive specified provisions of various social welfare statutes to improve opportunities for low-income individuals and families to achieve self-sufficiency. Title III: Miscellaneous Amendments - Amends SSA title IV part A to: (1) require AFDC recipients addicted to alcohol or drugs to undergo appropriate treatment as a condition of receiving AFDC; and (2) change AFDC rules for disregarding earned income.
United States · United States Congress · 27 January 1993
United States Mint Bicentennial Coin Act - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to mint coins in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the establishment of the United States Mint. Prescribes the designs for the ensuing five-dollar gold coins, one-dollar silver coins, and half-dollar silver coins. Restricts issuance of such coins to 1993. Mandates that all surcharges received from the sale of such coins be paid to the Smithsonian Institution for the National Numismatic Collection. Requires the Executive Director of the National Numismatic Collection to establish specified funds with the surcharge proceeds. Prescribes financial assurances.
United States · United States Congress · 27 January 1993
Amends Federal law to prohibit any State from imposing an income tax on the pension income of any individual who is not a resident or domiciliary of that State.
United States · United States Congress · 27 January 1993
Requires all executive orders, Department of Defense directives, and regulations of the military departments concerning the appointment, enlistment, induction, and retention of homosexuals in the armed forces, as in effect on January 1, 1993, to remain in effect unless specifically changed by law.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1993
Repeals the National Endowment for Democracy Act. Prohibits Federal agencies from expending funds for assistance for the National Endowment for Democracy (NED). Directs the Comptroller General to audit funds granted to the NED by the U.S. Government that have not been audited previously. Provides that a specified provision of the National Endowment for Democracy Act requiring compliance by the NED with the Freedom of Information Act shall continue to apply with respect to funds received by the NED on or before this Act's enactment date.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1993
Expresses the sense of the House of Representatives that in light of the current economic conditions the Federal taxes on gasoline, diesel fuel, and home heating fuel shall not be increased.
United States · United States Congress · 25 January 1993
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to increase the limitation on the one-time exclusion of gain from the sale of a principal residence by an individual who has attained age 55 and provide a cost-of-living adjustment for such amount. Increases the unified credit against the estate tax and the unified credit against the gift tax and provides a cost-of-living adjustment for such credits. Reduces the capital gains tax for a taxpayer other than a corporation by allowing the deduction of 50 percent of the net capital gain. Provides for computing such deduction for estates and trusts. Disallows such deduction against the minimum tax.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Investment Tax Incentive Act of 1993 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow the depreciation deduction to be computed based on a neutral recovery basis for property placed in service after December 31, 1992. Repeals the special depreciation rules applicable under the adjusted current earnings provisions of the minimum tax.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Limits the period for which expenses of a former Speaker of the House of Representatives may be paid to three years after the expiration of the term of office as Representative. (Provides that in the case of a former Speaker who is receiving such expenses on the date of the enactment of this Act, the period shall end three years after such date.)
United States · United States Congress · 20 January 1993
Enhanced Rescission/Receipts Act of 1993 - Grants the President legislative line item veto rescission authority over appropriation bills and targeted tax benefits in revenue bills. Authorizes the President to rescind all or part of any budget authority if the President determines that such rescission: (1) would reduce the Federal budget deficit; (2) will not impair any essential Government functions; and (3) will not harm the national interest. Requires the President to notify the Congress of such a rescission by special message not later than 20 calendar days after enactment of appropriations or revenue legislation. Makes such a rescission effective unless the Congress, during a review period of 20 calendar days, enacts a rescission/receipts disapproval bill. Describes: (1) information to be included in the President's message; and (2) procedures to govern consideration of rescission/receipts disapproval legislation in the Senate and the House of Representatives.
United States · United States Congress · 6 January 1993
Constitutional Amendment - Prohibits in any fiscal year total Federal outlays from exceeding total receipts and Federal outlays from exceeding 19 percent of the Nation's gross national product. Allows such prohibitions to be suspended by a three-fifths roll call vote of each House of Congress. Grants the President the authority to separately approve, reduce, or disapprove any spending provision of a bill.
United States · United States Congress · 6 January 1993
Requests the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to publish, within one year, proposed amended regulations that specify the components of an adequate operator training program and that provide that only trained employees be authorized to operate powered industrial trucks.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to increase the personal exemption for a dependent child who has not attained age 18 from $2,000 to $3,500. Provides for rounding inflation adjustments to tax tables to the nearest multiple of $10 (currently rounded to the next lowest multiple of $50).
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Taxpayer Debt Buy-Down Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow every individual with adjusted income tax liability to designate on their tax returns that a portion of such liability (not to exceed ten percent) be used to reduce the public debt. Establishes a Public Debt Reduction Trust Fund for the deposit of designated amounts. Makes amounts in such Trust Fund available only to pay at maturity, or to redeem or buy before maturity, any obligation of the Federal Government included in the public debt. Prohibits the reissuance of any obligation which is paid, redeemed, or bought with amounts from the Trust Fund. Amends the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act) to provide for the sequestration of amounts designated to the Trust Fund. Specifies accounts exempt from such sequestration. Includes aggregated amounts designated to the Trust Fund and amounts sequestered to reduce the public debt in sequestration preview and final reports.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Securities Private Enforcement Reform Act - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to declare that a defendant may be liable jointly and severally for damages in an implied private action only if the trier of fact specifically determines that the defendant knowingly engaged in securities fraud. Sets forth a liability allocation scheme to determine the percentage of responsibility among the defendants if the trier of fact finds that the defendant did not engage in knowing securities fraud. Prescribes guidelines for the award of reasonable fees and expenses incurred by the prevailing party in any implied private action. Declares that in any implied right of action that is certified as a plaintiff class action: (1) the share that is awarded to the representative plaintiff shall be calculated in the same manner as the share awarded to all other members of the plaintiff class; (2) a party may not be represented by any attorney who owns or has a beneficial interest in the securities that are the subject of the litigation, or who is obligated to pay remuneration to a third party for assistance in obtaining the representation of any party to the action; and (3) funds disgorged as a result of Securities and Exchange Commission action shall not be distributed as payment for attorneys' fees or expenses incurred by private parties seeking distribution of the disgorged funds. Sets a statute of limitations on private rights of action under this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Congressional Accountability Act - Makes applicable to the Congress the following Federal laws to the extent they relate to the terms and conditions of employment, the health and safety of employees, and the rights and responsibilities of employers and employees: (1) Social Security Act; (2) National Labor Relations Act; (3) Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938; (4) Civil Rights Act of 1964; (5) Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967; (6) Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; (7) title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972; (8) Rehabilitation Act of 1973; (9) Privacy Act of 1974; (10) Age Discrimination Act of 1975; (11) Ethics in Government Act of 1978; and (12) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Makes applicable to the Congress the Freedom of Information Act and specified provisions of Federal law relating to the independent counsel.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Older Americans' Freedom to Work Act of 1993 - Amends title II (Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance) of the Social Security Act to remove the limitation on the amount of outside income which beneficiaries who have attained retirement age may earn without incurring a reduction in benefits.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Authorizes and requests the President to issue proclamations: (1) directing Government officials to display the U.S. flag at half-staff on all Government buildings on Peace Officers Memorial Day; and (2) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to display the flag in the same manner on such day.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Amends Internal Revenue Code provisions governing the income tax deduction for the health insurance costs of self-employed individuals to: (1) make the deduction permanent; and (2) phase in an increase in the allowable deduction, reaching 100 percent for taxable years beginning in 1996 and thereafter.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Common Sense Budget Act of 1993 - Amends Federal law to require both the President and the Congress to draft a budget based on estimates of current fiscal year spending, proposing increases or decreases based on this level (rather than on an estimated baseline). Amends the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to require the Congressional Budget Office to use such a current fiscal year baseline in its report to the congressional budget committees, projecting growth for entitlement and discretionary spending based on current fiscal year spending.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Budget Enforcement and Deficit Reduction Act of 1993 - Amends the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to increase the maximum deficit amounts for FY 1994 and 1995 and to establish such amounts for FY 1996 through 1998. Repeals discretionary spending limits for FY 1994 and 1995. Establishes such limits for FY 1994 through 1998 for the defense, international, and domestic categories. Requires adjustments to the international and domestic categories to be made in strict conformance with enforcement provisions of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act).
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Amends the Federal criminal code to impose mandatory minimum sentences for committing violent felonies against individuals aged 65 or over. Prohibits suspended, probationary, and concurrent sentences. Prohibits parole and any plea bargaining agreements that would result in the defendant's serving less than the minimum sentence.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Bank Community Development Inventives Title II: Housing and Small Business Finance Title III: Credit Union Amendments Title IV: Bank Enterprise Act Enhancements Title V: Consumer Education Community Development Banking Act of 1993 - Title I: Bank Community Development Incentives - (Sec. 101) Amends the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (CRA) to direct the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) to establish standards, according to prescribed guidelines, to assess the record of a regulated financial institution in meeting its community credit needs, and for purposes of certain written evaluations and assigned ratings. (Sec. 102) Prescribes guidelines for community development investment activities for which a regulated financial institution or a depository institution holding company will be deemed to be in compliance with such Act. (Sec. 103) Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to set forth notice procedures under which a bank holding company may acquire or control a community development corporation. (Sec. 104) Amends Federal banking law and the Home Owners' Loan Act to permit national banks and savings associations to organize, sponsor, or underwrite securities issued by investment companies that invest and trade only in securities issued by companies located and primarily doing business in qualified distressed communities. (Sec. 105) Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to delineate conditions under which a bank holding company may acquire shares of any company located and primarily doing business in a qualified distressed community. (Sec. 106) Directs FFIEC to establish an annual awards program for outstanding efforts by insured depository institutions to meet the credit needs of their communities. (Sec. 107) Amends the Home Owners' Loan Act to modify the guidelines governing stock issuance by savings associations and holding companies. Title II: Housing and Small Business Finance - (Sec. 201) Amends the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of 1992 to direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to establish separate specific sub-goals for the purchase by certain enterprises of mortgages originated by community development organizations with respect to: (1) low and moderate income housing; (2) special affordable housing; and (3) housing for underserved areas. (Sec. 202) Amends the Home Owners' Loan Act to include within the assets of a "qualified thrift investment" loans or extensions of credit for specified projects or small businesses located within a qualified distressed community. (Sec. 203) Amends the Small Business Act to authorize the Administrator to establish a model program to determine the feasibility of developing a private secondary market for certain guaranteed loans to enhance credit availability to small businesses (micro-loan guarantee demonstration program). Title III: Credit Union Amendments - (Sec. 301) Amends the Federal Credit Union Act to define and provide for "community development credit unions," which serve predominantly: (1) members whose median household incomes or wages fall below a certain level; and (2) low- and moderate-income minorities. Grants the National Credit Union Administration Board (NCUAB) additional authority with respect to the Community Development Credit Union Revolving Loan Fund. Title IV: Bank Enterprise Act Enhancements - (Secs. 401-402) Amends the Bank Enterprise Act of 1991 to: (1) make a community development bank eligible for community enterprise assessment credit for a specified period following approval of its initial charter; and (2) prescribe guidelines under which an insured depository institution servicing a qualified distressed community may engage in insurance transactions. (Sec. 402) Amends Federal banking law and the Home Owners' Loan Act to authorize a well-capitalized national bank or savings association serving a qualified distressed community to engage in transactions involving securities issued by any small business located in that community. (Sec. 403) Amends the Bank Enterprise Act of 1991 to: (1) set forth guidelines to determine a "qualified distressed rural community"; (2) include as part of any community enterprise assessment credit certain loans and assistance services provided to such communities; and (3) direct the Community Enterprise Assessment Credit Board to grant priority to qualified distressed communities when allocating funds. Title V: Consumer Education - (Sec. 501) Directs Federal banking regulatory agencies to encourage insured depository institutions to provide consumer education programs in qualified distressed communities. Permits consumer reporting agencies to indicate in their consumer reports those consumers in such distressed communities that have completed such programs.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Garnishment Equalization Act of 1993 - Provides for the treatment of Federal pay in the same manner as non-Federal pay with respect to garnishment. Allows administrative costs to be included in such garnishment.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Federal Mandate Relief Act of 1993 - Provides that any requirement under a Federal statute or regulation that a State or local government conduct an activity (including a requirement that a government meet national standards in providing a service) shall apply to the government only if all funds necessary to pay the direct costs incurred by the government in conducting the activity are provided by the Federal Government.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Language of Government Act of 1993 - Declares English to be the official language of the U.S. Government. States that the Government has an affirmative obligation to preserve and enhance the role of English as the official language. Requires the Government to conduct its official business in English. Prohibits anyone from being denied Government services because they communicate in English.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Life Imprisonment for Egregious Recidivists Act of 1993 - Amends the Federal criminal code to require the court, in the case of a conviction for a Federal violent felony, to sentence the defendant to life imprisonment if the defendant has previously been convicted of two other violent felonies. Specifies that this provision shall not be construed to prevent the imposition of the death penalty.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Legislative Line Item Veto Act of 1993 - Amends the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to grant the President legislative line item veto rescission authority. Makes such a rescission effective unless the Congress, during a review period of 20 calendar days, enacts a rescission disapproval bill.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Systematic Application of Value Engineering Act of 1993 - Requires Federal agencies to apply value engineering, at a minimum, to identify and implement opportunities to reduce capital and operation costs and improve and maintain optimum quality of construction, administrative, program, acquisition, and grant projects. Requires Inspector General audits of reported agency savings attributable to such value engineering.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Supervisory Reforms Title II: Nonsupervisory Reforms Subtitle A: Expedited Funds Availability and Electronic Transfers Subtitle B: Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act Subtitle C: Homeownership Amendments Depository Institution Burden Relief Act of 1993 - Title I: Supervisory Reforms - (Secs. 101-105) Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to modify the guidelines governing: (1) the coordination of Federal and State examinations and reporting requirements for insured depository institutions; (2) the consolidation of requisite reports by a depository institution holding company for its capital-efficient insured depository institution subsidiaries; (3) the non-applicability to capital-efficient depository institutions of certain financial status reports for the early identification of needed improvements; and (4) the submission of duplicative information to Federal banking supervisory agencies. (Sec. 106) Prohibits a Federal banking agency from requiring an insured depository institution to submit information unrelated to either its safety or soundness, its insured deposits, or its reserve requirements. (Sec. 107) Limits the information that a capital-efficient insured depository institution must include in its federally required financial status report. (Secs. 108-109) Exempts from certain regulatory standards capital-efficient insured depository institutions and insured depository institutions which received an "outstanding rating for meeting community credit needs". (Sec. 110) Sets forth guidelines for each Federal banking agency to review and report to the Congress on needless burdens imposed by the Federal banking regulatory scheme. (Sec. 111) Amends the Federal Reserve Act to repeal the statutory scheme with respect to interbank liabilities. (Sec. 112) Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to set forth expedited approval procedures under which capital-efficient State banks may engage in specified activities. (Sec. 113) Amends the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) to set forth self-certification procedures for certain regulated financial institutions in good standing. Permits Federal financial supervisory agencies to accept in satisfaction of CRA requirements State examinations conducted pursuant to comparable community reinvestment laws. Declares that a comprehensive examination of performance shall only be conducted if a Federal regulatory agency is not satisfied that credit is being extended throughout the community in a nondiscriminatory manner. (Sec. 114) Exempts specified banks from the purview of the CRA. (Sec. 115) Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to modify the assessment base guidelines for deposit insurance premiums. (Sec. 116) Mandates that certain Federal banking regulations be accompanied with a detailed statement about their economic impact upon small banks and savings associations. (Sec. 117) Mandates that each Federal banking regulatory agency establish a separate Office of Regulatory Quality to monitor its examination activities. (Sec. 118) Limits the frequency of routine examinations of insured depository institutions except those for safety and soundness. (Secs. 119-121) Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to modify the guidelines for: (1) certain reorganizations of banks into holding companies; and (2) certain bank holding companies seeking approval to engage in specified nonbanking activities. (Sec. 122) Amends Federal law regarding monetary instruments transactions to direct the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) review annually all regulations pertaining to monetary instruments transaction requirements seeking public comment; and (2) publish all written rulings interpreting such law, as well as staff commentaries. (Sec. 123) Amends the Federal Reserve Act to modify the aggregate limits on insider lending for specified small banks. Title II: Nonsupervisory Reforms - Subtitle A: Expedited Funds Availability and Electronic Transfers - (Sec. 201) Amends the Expedited Funds Availability Act to: (1) modify the availability schedules for both depository institution accounts and new accounts; and (2) authorize the Board to establish rules for losses and liability among the States and their political subdivisions in connection with any aspect of the payment system. Subtitle B: Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act - (Sec. 211) Amends the Truth in Lending Act to: (1) exempt from its purview credit transactions involving consumers whose income or net worth exceeds specified thresholds; and (2) modify its information disclosure guidelines. Subtitle C: Homeownership Amendments - (Sec. 221) Amends the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 to modify the total assets criterion used to exempt depository institutions from its purview. (Sec. 222) Amends the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 to repeal its homeownership debt counseling notification requirements. (Sec. 223) Forbids a Federal banking agency from requiring any institution under its purview to engage in data collection practices pursuant to the requirements of the Fair Housing Act other than data required under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Privatization of Art Act of 1991 (sic) - Amends the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965 to abolish the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and the National Council on the Arts (NCA). Provides for transfer of all NEA property to the National Endowment for the Humanities. Requires the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to provide for the termination of the affairs of NEA and NCA.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Employee Educational Assistance Act of 1993 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to make permanent the income tax exclusion of amounts paid under employee educational assistance programs.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Constitutional Amendment - Requires the Congress, prior to each fiscal year, to adopt a statement in which total Federal outlays do not exceed total receipts, unless a three-fifths vote of both Houses authorizes a specific excess. Limits the rate of increase in receipts in the statement to that of the increase in national income in the previous calendar year, unless law is enacted solely to approve specific additional receipts. Directs the President to submit a balanced budget. Authorizes waiver of these provisions in time of war. Sets a permanent limit on the amount of Federal public debt, prohibiting any increase unless legislation enacted by a three-fifths majority of both Houses become law.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Constitutional Amendment - Prohibits a person who has been elected to: (1) the Senate two times from being eligible for election or appointment to the Senate; and (2) the House of Representatives six times from being eligible for election to the House.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Declares that Members of the House of Representatives should: (1) be prohibited from receiving an increase in salary following a budget deficit in the preceding Congress; and (2) have their salary reduced if the deficit is not effectively reduced by the preceding Congress.
United States · United States Congress · 5 January 1993
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Constitution provides that all citizens have the right to keep and bear arms and that such right supersedes the power and authority of any government.
![Official portrait of Rep. Knollenberg, Joe [R-MI-9]](https://www.congress.gov/img/member/k000288_200.jpg)