United States · United States Congress · 24 July 1986
Designer Drug Enforcement Act of 1986 - Amends the Controlled Substances Act to establish criminal penalties for the knowing or intentional manufacture, distribution, or possession of a controlled substance analog. (A controlled substance analog is a noncontrolled substance with a chemical structure or effect substantially similar to that of a controlled substance.)
United States · United States Congress · 24 July 1986
Honors the United Way on the occasion of its 100th anniversary. Encourages the United Way to continue its fine work and achieve its goal of doubling its resources by 1991.
United States · United States Congress · 22 July 1986
Money Laundering Control Act of 1986 - Amends the Federal criminal code to establish money laundering as a Federal offense. Sets forth fines and penalties for anyone who knowingly: (1) engages in a financial transaction in criminally derived property (inapplicable to bona fide attorney fees); (2) engages in a commercial transaction which is part of a scheme to conceal criminally derived property, or to disguise the source or ownership of criminally derived property; or (3) transports or attempts to transport a monetary instrument or funds from a place in the United States to or through a place outside the United States, or vice versa, as part of a scheme to conceal criminally derived property, or to disguise the source or ownership of criminally derived property. Provides for a fine of not more than $1,000,000 ($5,000,000 if the offender is a person other than an individual), or imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both. Authorizes components of the Department of the Treasury to investigate such offenses. Establishes criminal and civil forfeiture procedures for the offense of money laundering. Authorizes the use of wiretaps in money laundering investigations. Amends the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978 to make certain changes regarding: (1) monetary transaction reporting requirements; and (2) the disclosure of information by financial institutions. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) examine books, papers, and records of domestic financial transactions; and (2) summon an officer or employee having possession or custody of reports or records to appear and give testimony under oath. Sets certain limits on the Secretary's summons power. Amends the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978 to change the scienter requirement: (1) from "willfully" to "knowingly or with reckless disregard for a duty imposed by this subchapter" for civil violations; and (2) from "willfully" to "knowingly" for criminal violations. Increases the criminal penalties for violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
United States · United States Congress · 24 June 1986
Drug and Alcohol Dependent Offenders Treatment Act of 1986 - Grants the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts authority to contract with public and private agencies for the detection and treatment of alcohol-dependent and drug-dependent offenders. Amends the Contract Services for Drug Dependent Federal Offenders Authorization Act of 1983 to authorize appropriations for contracts for the supervision of released drug offenders.
United States · United States Congress · 18 June 1986
Social Security Administrative and Investment Reform Act of 1986 - Title I: Establishment of the Social Security Administration - Amends title VII (Administration) of the Social Security Act to establish as an independent executive agency a Social Security Administration, headed by a Social Security Board. Provides that it shall be the duty of the Administration to administer the programs established by titles II (Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance) and XVI (Supplemental Security Income) of the Social Security Act. Requires the Board to study and make recommendations as to the most effective methods of providing economic security through social insurance and as to legislation and matters of administrative policy. Establishes in the Administration: (1) a Commissioner of Social Security; (2) a Deputy Commissioner of Social Security; (3) a General Counsel; (4) an Inspector General; and (5) an Office of the Beneficiary Ombudsman, to be headed by a Beneficiary Ombudsman who shall represent the interests of beneficiaries under the Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance program and the Supplemental Security Income Program within the Administration. Requires the annual report of the Board to include a description of the activities of the Beneficiary Ombudsman. Requires the Board to make annual budgetary recommendations relating to the Administration. Requires that appropriations requests by the Administration for staffing and personnel be based upon a comprehensive workforce plan as established by the Board. Provides for the apportionment of administrative costs. Requires the annual report of the Board to include a section reflecting the use of budget authority provided to the Administration. Requires that authority for automated data processing procurement and facilities construction be provided in the form of contract authority covering the total cost of such acquisitions. Makes amounts needed for the liquidation of contract authority so provided available from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund to the extent that such amounts are not needed to meet current obligations for benefit payments. Requires the Board and the Director of the Office of Personnel Management to implement demonstration projects relating to personnel matters. Directs the Board and the Administrator of General Services to implement such projects relating to delegations from the Administrator. Specifies the authorities which are to be delegated to the Board from the Administrator and the Director. Requires the Comptroller General to report to specified congressional committees concerning such projects, including an evaluation of the Board's readiness to assume full and permanent authority. Requires the Board to cause a seal of office to be made and judicial notice taken thereof. Provides for the transfer to the Administration of all functions carried out by the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to the programs and activities to be carried out by the Administration under this Act. Abolishes the position of Commissioner of Social Security in the Department of Health and Human Services. Sets forth effective date and transitional rule provisions. Title II: Conforming Amendments and Rules of Construction - Requires the Secretary and the Board to report to the Congress within 120 days after the beginning of each regular session on their administration under this Act. Requires the Secretary to study and make recommendations on the most effective methods of providing economic security and on the administrative policy for the programs. Directs the Board to appoint, quadrennially, an Advisory Council on the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Program and an Advisory Council on Health and Supplementary Medical Insurance to review the relation of the trust funds supporting the OASDI program and the Medicare program and the long-term commitments of those programs. Requires each council to submit a report to the Board for transmittal to the Congress and the Board of Trustees of each Trust Fund. Title III: Management of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund - Amends the OASDI program to direct the Managing Trustee of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund (OASDI trust funds) to immediately invest that portion of the OASDI trust funds which is not required for current withdrawals. Requires the investment to be made in accordance with policies established by the Social Security Board. Prohibits the sale and redemption of OASDI trust fund assets or the expenditure of OASDI trust fund amounts for purposes other than those specified in title II of the Act. Requires members of such trust funds' Board of Trustees to faithfully execute their duties, but does not impose a fiduciary duty. Requires that, in consideration of the public debt limit, required investment of trust fund amounts occur prior to the issuance of other obligations. Directs that tax receipts earmarked for the OASDI program be immediately transferred (currently, monthly transfers are made) from the general fund of the Treasury to the OASDI trust funds. Requires the Board of Trustees of the OASDI trust funds to meet at least twice each year. Sets forth provisions requiring reports by the Board of Trustees and the Managing Trustees to the Congress regarding the operation and status of the OASDI trust funds. Title IV: Additional Matters - Amends the OASDI program to prohibit the payment of OASDI benefits to individuals who have been deported pursuant to the Immigration and Nationality Act because of activities conducted under the direction of or in association with the Nazi government of Germany or its allies. Requires individuals to be paid interim benefits in cases where an administrative law judge has determined their entitlement to certain OASDI or SSI (Supplementary Security Income) benefits, but the Secretary's final decision has not been issued within 90 days of the judge's decision. Excludes any representative of the Department of Health and Human Services, the Social Security Administration, any other agency of such department, or an involved State agency from appearing as a party at an OASDI or SSI benefit hearing or participating in the development of the record of such hearing, unless, in the latter case, the presiding officer requests such participation.
United States · United States Congress · 5 June 1986
Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 - Title I: Interception of Communications and Related Matters - Amends the Federal criminal code to extend the prohibition against the unauthorized interception of communications to include specific types of electronic communications. (Present law prohibits the interception of wire and oral communications only.) Specifies certain exceptions with respect to electronic communications. Extends such prohibition to the communications of any provider of wire or electronic communication services. (Present law extends only to communications common carriers.) Provides for reduced criminal penalties where the unauthorized access to the electronic communication is not for a tortious or illegal purpose or private commercial gain. States that the interception of certain satellite transmissions is not an offense unless it is for the purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage or private financial gain. Prohibits any person or entity providing an electronic communication service, with specified exceptions, from knowingly divulging the contents of any communication carried on that service. Allows any person whose wire, oral, or electronic communication is intercepted, disclosed, or willfully used to bring a civil action to recover damages. (Present law allows such a civil action only for the interception or use of wire or oral communications.) Revises the amount of damages which may be recovered in such actions. Specifies a two-year statute of limitations for the commencement of such actions. Specifies additional crimes for which the interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications can be authorized in the course of the investigation of such crimes. Sets forth additional requirements for applications, court orders, and the implementation of court orders for the interception of such communications. Provides that certain intelligence activities approved by the Attorney General shall not be affected by certain provisions of Federal law. Allows a court-authorized mobile tracking device to be used outside the jurisdiction of that court. Makes it a criminal offense to warn a person that he or she is the subject of surveillance. Allows the Attorney General to initiate a civil action to obtain an injunction to prevent felony level illegal interceptions of communications. Title II: Stored Wire and Electronic Communications and Transactional Records Access - Makes it a criminal offense to: (1) willfully access, without authorization, a facility through which an electronic communications service is provided; or (2) willfully exceed an authorized access to such facility. Prohibits the provider of an electronic communication service or remote computing service, except under certain circumstances, from divulging the contents of any communication stored, carried, or maintained by such service. Sets forth the procedural requirements for a governmental entity to obtain access to electronic communications in electronic storage, including court-ordered back-up copies of the contents of such communications. Allows any subscriber or customer of a communication service who is aggrieved by a willful or intentional violation of this Act to initiate a civil action to recover appropriate relief. Grants the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) access to telephone or communication service information and records relevant to any authorized foreign counterintelligence investigation. Prohibits any official or employee of a communications common carrier or service provider from disclosing to any person that the FBI has sought or obtained such access. Requires the Director to inform specified congressional committees of all such requests. Title III: Pen Registers - Prohibits the installation or use of a pen register or a tracking device without a court order pursuant to this Act or under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978. Establishes criminal penalties for violations of such prohibition. Authorizes Government attorneys and State law enforcement officers to apply for a court order allowing the installation and use of a pen register or tracking device. Allows the issuance of such an order if the attorney or law enforcement officer certifies that information likely to be obtained by such installation is relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation. Requires providers of wire communications, landlords, custodians, and other persons to furnish all information, facilities, and technical assistance necessary to accomplish the installation of a pen register if such assistance ordered by the court. Requires that anyone providing such assistance be compensated for any reasonable expenses incurred. Requires the Attorney General to report annually to the Congress on the number of pen register orders applied for by law enforcement agencies of the Department of Justice.
United States · United States Congress · 22 May 1986
Career Criminal Amendments Act of 1986 - Amends the Federal criminal code to provide increased mandatory penalties for any person who transports firearms or ammunition in interstate or foreign commerce if such person has multiple convictions for serious drug offenses and violent felonies. (Current law provides increased penalties where such person had multiple convictions for robbery and burglary.)
United States · United States Congress · 14 May 1986
Immigration and Nationality Amendments of 1986 - Title I: Entry and Adjustment of Status - Part A: Entry and Adjustment of Status of Immigrants - Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to exclude returning permanent resident aliens from the definition of "entry" for purposes of such Act. Provides for the admission of religious functionaries as special immigrants. Requires such persons to have labor certification. Provides for the admission of a limited number of specified employees of multinational corporations and their families as special immigrants. Provides for the admission of unmarried sons and daughters and surviving spouses of G-4 visa employees of certain international organizations as special immigrants ("J" status). Grants nonimmigrant status to: (1) parents of children receiving "J" status while they are minors; and (2) other children of such parents or a surviving "J" status spouse. Requires members of professions to have appropriate college degrees or significant work experience for purposes of such Act. Allows surviving spouses of citizens to petition for entry under immediate relative status. Reduces the Amerasian sponsorship requirement from five years to two years. Allows private agency sponsorship for adult Amerasians. Repeals the employment offer requirement for preference entry purposes for specified aliens with extraordinary ability in the arts. Extends reentry permit length from two years to five years. Limits the adjustment of status provisions of a specified Act to those Cubans admitted into the United States before enactment of this Act. Part B: Entry and Adjustment of Status of Nonimmigrants - Provides for the temporary admission into the United States of operators of (passenger) motor common carriers. Permits alien crewmen on U.S. fishing ships to stop temporarily in Guam. Broadens the classification of nonimmigrant treaty trader and investor to include supervisory services or transfer of technology. Permits admission as nonimmigrants of non-treaty traders or investors who invest substantial amounts of money and employ at least five U.S. workers. Requires the Attorney General and the Secretary of State to monitor such admissions and report to the Congress within two years. Separates "H" status nonimmigrants into professionals or executives and aliens of distinguished merit and ability. Requires alien trainees to participate in formal training programs. Incorporates the vocational category ("M" status) within such trainee category. Creates an "L-2" status for technicians to provide temporary services in the United States. Authorizes a three-year pilot visa waiver program for up to eight countries providing similar benefits to U.S. visitors. Requires such visitors to the United States to: (1) have a nonrefundable roundtrip ticket; and (2) stay in the United States for not more than 90 days. Requires an automated data arrival and departure system to be operational before such visa waiver program may begin. Part C: Refugee-Related Provisions - Restricts the receipt of derivative asylum benefits to family members accompanying the asylee. Directs the Attorney General to: (1) study the effects of providing permanent resident status to refugees and asylees; and (2) report to the Congress within 18 months. Title II: Exclusion and Deportation - Authorizes the waiver of literacy requirements (for purposes of exclusion) for sole surviving siblings 55 years of age or older. Sets forth a statute of limitations for specified excludable offenses. Provides for the deportation of an alien who enters the United States under a work-related preference visa and does not engage in such employment or occupation within 12 months of entry. Repeals the provision for judicial recommendations against deportation of an alien convicted of a crime of moral turpitude. Replaces the existing individual suspension of deportation reporting requirement with an annual reporting requirement regarding numbers and nationality of suspended deportations. Title III: Enforcement - Part A: Marriage-Related Provisions - Denies future visas to persons attempting marriage fraud. Requires a personal meeting between the parties within two years prior to filing a petition for a fiance visa. Restricts adjustment of status or preference or immediate relative status petitions based on marriage entered into while the alien was in exclusion or deportation proceedings. Requires a report to the Congress within six months regarding marriage fraud sanctions under such Act. Part B: Other Provisions - Provides for the temporary release on parole of an alien involved in exclusion or deportation proceedings. Prohibits such release under specified circumstances. Requires a third country to agree to accept an alien before the Attorney General may deport such alien there. Authorizes adjustment of status to permanent resident if an alien has resided in the United States for five years under a withholding of deportation order. Increases specified Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) fines. Authorizes INS to receive 50 percent of such amounts. Modifies carrier responsibility for alien detention. Directs the Attorney General to provide carriers with related technical assistance. Title IV: Citizenship and Naturalization - Reduces from ten years to five years the citizen residency requirement to transfer citizenship at birth to children. Permits a child born outside the United States to derive citizenship upon naturalization of the parent if the child resides permanently in the United States and is less than 18 years old at the time such naturalization occurs. Provides for the issuance of certificates of citizenship for a permanent resident child adopted by U.S. citizens. Requires "intent" in order to relinquish nationality. Authorizes the waiver of the English language and government knowledge naturalization requirement for aliens over 55 years old who have resided in the United States for at least ten years. Permits naturalization courts to retain one-half of all naturalization fees paid. Authorizes the transfer of naturalization petitions among courts, with the consent of the Attorney General. Permits nonprofit organizations approved by the Attorney General to receive naturalization material. Title V: Miscellaneous Provisions - Directs INS to provide for, and make available to the Congress and the public, a statistical information system. Includes the relationship between an illegitimate child and its natural father within the definition of "child" for purposes of status, benefit, or privilege under such Act.
United States · United States Congress · 8 May 1986
Antiterrorism Act of 1986 - Amends the Federal criminal code to establish a new Federal offense of international terrorism. Defines international terrorism as an act of violence directed against the United States or a national of the United States which is intended to coerce, intimidate, or retaliate against a government or civilian population. Establishes criteria for the imposition of the death penalty where a death results from an act of international terrorism. Lists mitigating factors (including the defendant's age and mental capacity) and aggravating factors (including previous convictions and the nature of the offense) for jury, or court, consideration. Requires the government to serve notice upon the defendant a reasonable time before trial or acceptance of a plea that it intends to seek the death penalty and the aggravating factors upon which it will rely. Requires a separate sentencing hearing to determine the punishment to be imposed upon a defendant found guilty of international terrorism. Requires the court, or the jury by unanimous vote, to impose the death penalty upon a finding that such sentence is justified based on consideration of both the mitigating and aggravating factors. Requires the court to instruct the jury not to consider the race, color, national origin, creed, or sex of the defendant when sentencing. Establishes procedures for the appeal of a death sentence. Requires the court of appeals, upon consideration of the trial record, information submitted during the sentencing hearing, and the procedures of such hearing, to affirm the decision if: (1) the sentence was not imposed under the influence of passion, prejudice, or arbitrariness; and (2) the information supports the finding. Requires the court to provide a written explanation of its determination. Establishes procedures for the implementation of the death penalty. States that the death penalty shall not be carried out upon pregnant women. Requests the President to study the threat of terrorist attack and means to control the availability of and use of explosives by terrorists. Requests the President to report the results of such study to the Congress. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should establish a process to encourage the negotiation of an international convention to prevent international terrorism. Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to provide assistance in developing and implementing antiterrorism plans for deep draft ports, international airports, and other important facilities. Makes the transmission of threats in foreign commerce, as well as interstate commerce, a Federal offense.
United States · United States Congress · 5 May 1986
Intellectual Property and Trade Act - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to make unlawful acts of importation into, or sale in, the United States of articles that infringe a valid U.S. patent, copyright, trademark, or U.S. maskwork. Permits any person to petition the International Trade Commission (ITC) for the issuance of an order to exclude such articles, during its investigation, from entry into the United States. Sets forth: (1) civil penalties for violations under this Act; and (2) procedures for the modification or rescission of an ITC order under this Act. Repeals a specified section of the Tariff Act of 1930 relating to the importation of products produced under a process covered by claims of an unexpired patent.
United States · United States Congress · 30 April 1986
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 - Amends the Federal criminal code to change the scienter requirement from "knowingly" to "intentionally" for certain offenses regarding accessing the computer files of another. Revises the definition of "financial institution" to which the financial record provisions of computer fraud law apply. Applies such provisions to any financial records (including those of corporations and small businesses), not just those of individuals and certain partnerships. Revises the criminal liability of persons who exceed authorized access to Federal computers. (Makes the basic offense trespass. Removes the coverage of authorized accessors who exceed their authorization, but without "intent to defraud.") Creates new Federal criminal offenses of: (1) property theft by computer occurring as part of a scheme to defraud; (2) altering information in, or preventing the authorized use of, a Federal interest computer; and (3) trafficking in computer access passwords. Eliminates the special conspiracy provisions for computer crimes. (Such conspiracies shall be treated under the general Federal conspiracy statutes.) Amends penalty provisions to remove the cap on fines for certain computer crimes. Exempts authorized law enforcement or intelligence activities.
United States · United States Congress · 30 April 1986
Ballistic Knife Prohibition Act of 1986 - Amends the Federal criminal code to prohibit the possession, manufacture, sale, importation, and mailing of ballistic knives (knives with a detachable blade that is propelled by a spring-operated mechanism).
United States · United States Congress · 22 April 1986
National Liability Commission Act - Establishes the National Commission on the Liability Crisis to investigate the cause of the liability and liability insurance crisis and recommend reforms to alleviate the crisis. Requires the Commission to report to the President and to the Congress. Terminates the Commission 30 days after the submission of such report.
United States · United States Congress · 13 March 1986
Amends the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 to provide that upon conviction of an air carrier for either failure to file requisite reports, or the falsification of such reports, the criminal penalty shall include a fine in accordance with Federal criminal law, or a maximum term of five years' imprisonment, or both. Provides a maximum civil penalty of $1,000 for safety violations relating to notification of proposed construction of structures which could pose a hazard to air navigation. (Current law provides only for a criminal penalty.) Increases from $1,000 to $10,000 the maximum civil penalty which may be imposed for violation of certain administrative, security, and safety regulations by commercial aircraft operators.
United States · United States Congress · 6 March 1986
Federal Firearms Law Reform Act of 1986 - Amends the Gun Control Act of 1968 to prohibit the transfer or possession of silencers. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to buy any registered silencer. Permits the interstate sale of rifles and shotguns, provided: (1) the transferee and the transferor meet in person to accomplish the transfer; and (2) the sale, delivery, and receipt comply with the legal conditions of sale in both States. Makes it unlawful for any person to sell or ship any firearm or ammunition to someone who: (1) is under indictment for, or has been convicted of, a felony; (2) is a fugitive from justice; (3) is an unlawful user of or addicted to a controlled substance; (4) has been adjudicated as a mental incompetent or committed to a mental institution; (5) has received a dishonorable discharge from the armed forces; (6) has renounced his U.S. citizenship; or (7) is an illegal alien. Makes it unlawful for such persons to receive, possess, or transfer any firearm or ammunition in interstate or foreign commerce. Permits gun sales at certain gun shows. Prohibits the importation of the barrel of any firearm if the importation of that firearm is prohibited. Revises the criteria reviewed by the Secretary in approving applications for licenses. Grants the Secretary authority to suspend (rather than just revoke) a license. Allows the Secretary to inspect the inventory and records of a licensee to ensure compliance with the recordkeeping requirements of such Act. Modifies the penalty provisions for certain licensee violations. Eliminates the recordkeeping requirements for ammunition sales involving less than 1,000 rounds. Codifies existing regulations requiring reports of multiple firearm sales. Establishes additional mandatory penalties for the use or carrying of firearms or armor-piercing ammunition during certain drug trafficking activities. Imposes additional mandatory penalties for machine gun use in crimes. Limits to felony violations the Government's authority to seize firearms and ammunition. Allows individuals who have violated the Gun Control Act of 1968 or the National Firearms Act to apply for relief from the legal disabilities imposed by such statutes. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to grant such relief. Allows the interstate transport of rifles and shotguns by individuals under certain circumstances. Prohibits the sale, delivery, or transfer of a handgun from a licensed importer, manufacturer, or dealer to an unlicensed individual unless the documentation of the transaction is sent to local law enforcement officers and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1986
Amends the patent laws and the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 to provide that any invention made or used in outer space on an aeronautical and space vehicle under the jurisdiction or control of the United States shall be considered made or used within the United States, except as provided for by an international agreement. Applies this provision to all patents granted before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act, with certain exceptions.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1986
Repeals provisions of the Innovation Development Act of 1982 terminating assistance from the Small Business Administration to small businesses for research and development.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1986
Intercircuit Tribunal of the United States Courts of Appeals Act - Establishes an Intercircuit Tribunal of the United States Courts of Appeals composed of nine circuit judges and four alternate judges designated by the Supreme Court. Places the principal office of such Tribunal in the District of Columbia. Grants the Tribunal jurisdiction over cases referred to it by the Supreme Court. Declares that decisions of the Tribunal shall be binding on all U.S. courts unless modified or overruled by the Supreme Court. Directs the Tribunal, in consultation with the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, to submit to the Congress a report on its activities. Authorizes appropriations. Terminates the Tribunal on September 30, 1991.
United States · United States Congress · 19 February 1986
Disapproves the proposed rescission of budget authority for payments to local governments from the Local Government Fiscal Assistance Trust Fund (R86-68) as set forth in the special message of the President transmitted to the Congress on February 5, 1986.