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Official portrait of Sen. Johnson, Ron [R-WI]

Sen. Johnson, Ron [R-WI]

United States · Official source

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1,729 records where Sen. Johnson, Ron [R-WI] is listed as a sponsor, author, or other actor. Search with topics and years

Bill· SS. 92 (117th)referred

No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2021

United States · United States Congress · 28 January 2021

No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2021 This bill modifies provisions relating to federal funding for, and health insurance coverage of, abortions. Specifically, the bill prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions or for health coverage that includes abortions. Such restrictions extend to the use of funds in the budget of the District of Columbia. Additionally, abortions may not be provided in a federal health care facility or by a federal employee. Historically, language has been included in annual appropriations bills for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions—such language is commonly referred to as the Hyde Amendment. Similar language is also frequently included in appropriations bills for other federal agencies and the District of Columbia. The bill makes these restrictions permanent and extends the restrictions to all federal funds (rather than specific agencies). The bill's restrictions regarding the use of federal funds do not apply in cases of rape, incest, or where a physical disorder, injury, or illness endangers a woman's life unless an abortion is performed. The Hyde Amendment provides the same exceptions. The bill also prohibits qualified health plans from including coverage for abortions. Currently, qualified health plans may cover abortion, but the portion of the premium attributable to abortion coverage is not eligible for subsidies.

Bill· SS. 106 (117th)referred

A PLUS Act

United States · United States Congress · 28 January 2021

Academic Partnerships Lead Us to Success Act or the A PLUS Act   This bill creates a framework under which states may receive federal elementary and secondary education funds on a consolidated basis and use such funds for any educational purpose permitted by state law.

Bill· SS. 114 (117th)referred

SOAR Permanent Authorization Act

United States · United States Congress · 28 January 2021

SOAR Permanent Authorization Act This bill permanently reauthorizes and amends the Scholarships for Opportunity and Results (SOAR) Program, which provides education funding for the District of Columbia, including for private school vouchers, public schools, and public charter schools. The bill requires participating private schools to be fully accredited by (1) an accrediting body with jurisdiction in the District that is recognized by the Student and Visitor Exchange English Language Program administered by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or (2) any international accrediting body designated by the Department of Education (ED). The bill revises the manner in which tutoring services provided under the program are funded. The bill revises several requirements concerning SOAR evaluations, including concerning (1) frequency; (2) ED's and the Institute of Education Sciences' duties; and (3) the issues to be evaluated, including high school and college performance measurements.

Bill· SS. 68 (117th)referred

Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny Act of 2021

United States · United States Congress · 27 January 2021

Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny Act of 20 21 This bill revises provisions relating to congressional review of agency rulemaking. Specifically, the bill establishes a congressional approval process for a major rule. A major rule may only take effect if Congress approves of the rule. A major rule is a rule that results in (1) an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more; (2) a major increase in costs or prices for consumers, individual industries, government agencies, or geographic regions; or (3) significant adverse effects on competition, employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or the ability of U.S.-based enterprises to compete with foreign-based enterprises. In addition, the bill establishes a congressional disapproval process for a nonmajor rule. A nonmajor rule may only take effect if Congress does not disapprove of the rule.

Bill· SS. 61 (117th)referred

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act

United States · United States Congress · 27 January 2021

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act This bill establishes a new criminal offense for performing or attempting to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus is 20 weeks or more. A violator is subject to criminal penalties—a fine, a prison term of up to five years, or both. The bill provides exceptions for an abortion (1) that is necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest. A physician who performs or attempts to perform an abortion under an exception must comply with specified requirements. A woman who undergoes a prohibited abortion may not be prosecuted for violating or conspiring to violate the provisions of this bill.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 17 (117th)referred

A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that clean water is a national priority and that the April 21, 2020, Navigable Waters Protection Rule should not be withdrawn or vacated.

United States · United States Congress · 27 January 2021

This resolution expresses the sense of the Senate that (1) clean water is a national priority, and (2) the 2020 final rule titled The Navigable Waters Protection Rule: Definition of "Waters of the United States" should not be withdrawn or vacated.

Bill· SS. 42 (117th)referred

Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act

United States · United States Congress · 26 January 2021

Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act This bill prohibits a sanctuary jurisdiction from receiving grants under certain Economic Development Assistance Programs and the Community Development Block Grant Program. Under the bill, a sanctuary jurisdiction is a state or local government that has in effect a statute, policy, or practice that prohibits or restricts (1) information sharing with another government entity about an individual's immigration status, or (2) compliance with a lawfully issued Department of Homeland Security (DHS) detainer request or notification of release request. When complying with a DHS-issued detainer, a state or local government shall be deemed to be acting as an agent of DHS with all authority available to DHS officers and employees. The bill also limits the legal liability of a state or local government for complying with a detainer.

Bill· SS. 44 (117th)referred

Student Empowerment Act

United States · United States Congress · 26 January 2021

Student Empowerment Act This bill allows tax-exempt distributions from qualified tuition programs (known as 529 plans) to be used for additional educational expenses in connection with enrollment or attendance at an elementary or secondary school. (Under current law, distributions in connection with an elementary or secondary school are limited to tuition for a public, private, or religious school.) The bill allows the distributions to be used for additional educational expenses, including curriculum and curricular materials, books or other instructional materials, online educational materials, tutoring or educational classes outside the home, testing fees, fees for dual enrollment in an institution of higher education, and educational therapies for students with disabilities. Distributions may also be used for tuition and the purposes above in connection with a homeschool (whether treated as a homeschool or a private school under state law).

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 5 (117th)passed

A resolution honoring the memory of Officer Brian David Sicknick of the United States Capitol Police for his selfless acts of heroism on the grounds of the United States Capitol on January 6, 2021.

United States · United States Congress · 19 January 2021

This resolution honors the memory of U.S. Capitol Police Officer Brian D. Sicknick for sacrificing his life in the line of duty on January 6, 2021, and it calls for justice to be brought to those responsible for the attack on the Capitol and the death of Officer Sicknick.

Bill· SS. 4939 (116th)referred

Muslim Brotherhood Terrorist Designation Act

United States · United States Congress · 1 December 2020

Muslim Brotherhood Terrorist Designation Act This bill requires the Department of State to report to Congress within 60 days indicating (1) whether the Muslim Brotherhood meets the criteria for designation as a foreign terrorist organization; and (2) if not, which criteria have not been met.

Bill· SS. 4874 (116th)referred

Visa Security Expansion Act

United States · United States Congress · 26 October 2020

Visa Security Expansion Act This bill requires the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to increase the number of personnel in visa security units at certain diplomatic and consular posts. DHS shall increase the number of such personnel in at least two posts each year during a 10-year period. The bill establishes criteria for deciding which country's posts shall receive additional personnel, such as the number of nationals of that country who have been identified as a suspected terrorists and whether that country has been cooperative with U.S. counterterrorism efforts. In addition to existing duties, such personnel shall screen visa applications against U.S. criminal, national security, and terrorism databases. DHS shall establish a security fee for all nonimmigrant visa applications to offset the costs of operating and increasing the size of the visa security units.

Bill· SS. 4721 (116th)referred

Securing Our Elections Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 24 September 2020

Securing Our Elections Act of 2020 This bill increases criminal penalties for federal election fraud and voter intimidation.

Bill· SS. 4708 (116th)referred

Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 24 September 2020

Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Act of 2020 This bill establishes in the legislative branch the Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Commission to make recommendations and propose legislation for modification, consolidation, harmonization, or repeal of regulations to reduce compliance costs, encourage growth and innovation, improve competitiveness, and protect public safety. The commission must give priority to regulations (1) the repeal or modification of which may assist recovery or response to the COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic and future pandemics, (2) that impose disproportionately high costs on a small entity, (3) that create substantial recurring paperwork burdens or transaction costs, or (4) that could be made more effective while reducing regulatory costs. The bill sets forth reporting requirements for the commission and procedures for congressional consideration of commission reports, recommendations, and proposed legislation.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 709 (116th)referred

A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that the August 13, 2020, and September 11, 2020, announcements of the establishment of full diplomatic relations between the State of Israel and the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel and the Kingdom of Bahrain are historic achievements.

United States · United States Congress · 17 September 2020

This resolution expresses the sense of the Senate that the establishment of full diplomatic relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and between Israel and Bahrain are historic achievements. Further, it encourages other Arab nations to establish full relations with Israel, and it reaffirms the Senate's support for a negotiated, two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 689 (116th)referred

A resolution condemning the crackdown on peaceful protestors in Belarus and calling for the imposition of sanctions on responsible officials.

United States · United States Congress · 14 September 2020

This resolution: finds the 2020 presidential elections in Belarus to be undemocratic; stands with the people of Belarus in their pursuit of democracy and human rights; calls on Belarus to uphold its human rights obligations; and urges the United States to respond to the events in Belarus, including through sanctions.

Bill· SS. 4489 (116th)referred

Paycheck Protection Program Integrity Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 6 August 2020

Paycheck Protection Program Integrity Act of 2020 This bill modifies loan forgiveness under the Paycheck Protection Program established to support small businesses in response to COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus disease 2019). Specifically, the bill reduces the amount of loan forgiveness by (1) the amount of a recipient's after-tax income, or (2) the increase in net assets if the recipient is a nonprofit organization. A recipient seeking loan forgiveness must submit documentation verifying after-tax income and net assets to determine any paycheck protection loan repayment. Further, the bill requires the disclosure of paycheck protection loan information in accordance with applicable laws.

Bill· SS. 4472 (116th)open

Ensuring Network Security Act

United States · United States Congress · 6 August 2020

Ensuring Network Security Act This bill expands eligibility and establishes distribution priority for funds provided under the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Reimbursement Program. The program reimburses providers of advanced communications service for costs associated with replacing communications equipment or services that pose a threat to national security. Specifically, the bill increases from 2 million to 10 million the number of customers that an eligible provider may serve. Further, the bill establishes priority for the allocation of reimbursement funds to applicants, providing that such funds shall be distributed first to applicants that have 2 million or fewer customers; subsequently, to applicants that are accredited public or private noncommercial educational institutions providing their own facilities-based education broadband service; and finally, to certain other applicants that are designated as eligible telecommunications carriers.

Bill· SS. 4461 (116th)open

Prevent Government Shutdowns Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 5 August 2020

Prevent Government Shutdowns Act of 2020 This bill provides continuing appropriations to prevent a government shutdown if any of the appropriations bills for a fiscal year have not been enacted before the fiscal year begins and continuing appropriations are not in effect. The bill also limits official travel, congressional recesses or adjournments, and the consideration of legislation that is unrelated to appropriations after the beginning of a fiscal year if both chambers of Congress have not passed the appropriations bills for the year.

Bill· SS. 4413 (116th)referred

A bill to improve the response of the Department of Defense to threats to United States forces worldwide from small unmanned aircraft systems.

United States · United States Congress · 4 August 2020

This bill directs the Department of the Army, as executive agent for the Counter-Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Program, to submit to Congress a strategy for the Armed Forces to counter threats from small unmanned aircraft systems worldwide. The bill requires reports on activities of the Counter-Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Program and on threats from small unmanned aircraft systems, and an assessment by a research and development center of the efficacy of the program.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 660 (116th)passed

A resolution honoring and commemorating the life and legacy of Representative John Lewis.

United States · United States Congress · 28 July 2020

This resolution declares that (1) the Senate has heard with profound sorrow and deep regret the announcement of the death of the Honorable John Lewis, a late Member of the House of Representatives; and (2) when the Senate adjourns on July 28, 2020, it will stand adjourned as a further mark of respect to the memory of the Honorable John Lewis.

Bill· SS. 4236 (116th)referred

Temporary Federal ESOP Grant Program Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 21 July 2020

Temporary Federal ESOP Grant Program Act of 2020 This bill establishes a grant program for businesses that establish or expand an employee stock ownership plan that meets the applicable federal requirements for such plans.

Bill· SS. 4165 (116th)open

A bill to repeal section 692 of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006.

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

This bill repeals a provision of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 that requires the Department of Homeland Security to promulgate regulations to minimize the excessive use by contractors of subcontractors or tiers of subcontractors to perform the principal work of any contract for facilitating response to or recovery from a natural or man-made disaster.

Bill· SS. 4153 (116th)open

National Response Framework Improvement Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

National Response Framework Improvement Act of 2020 This bill requires the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to evaluate the National Response Framework of the Department of Homeland Security based on lessons learned from the COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic and take specified steps regarding information sharing, training, and briefing Congress. Specifically, FEMA, acting through the National Integration Center, shall conduct an initial evaluation of the National Response Framework to determine whether there are any gaps or inefficiencies in the framework based on the response to the pandemic. FEMA shall also evaluate the processes for collecting and sharing information across the primary and support agencies of the emergency support functions during an incident for which the emergency support functions are activated under the framework, and provide recommendations for how to improve such processes; update the framework to account for new information collection and sharing processes that result from the evaluation and recommendations; assess the training programs for primary and support agencies of the emergency support functions under the framework and provide recommendations for how to improve such programs; and annually, and in coordination with the primary and support agencies, provide training on enhancements or updates made to the framework.

Bill· SS. 4210 (116th)open

Securing Healthcare and Response Equipment Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

Securing Healthcare and Response Equipment Act of 2020 or the SHARE Act of 2020 This bill authorizes the Department of Homeland Security to transfer personal protective equipment or medically necessary equipment to the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) during a declared public health emergency. These transfers must be made at the request of HHS and on a reimbursable basis.

Bill· SS. 4204 (116th)open

Federal Emergency Pandemic Response Act

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

Federal Emergency Pandemic Response Act This bill addresses the issue of national pandemic preparedness and response. It directs the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to convene an Interagency Task Force to analyze U.S. preparedness for national pandemics. The task force shall, among other things (1) determine the mission of the Strategic National Stockpile and clearly define it, and (2) assess the current and future inventory needs of the stockpile. The bill establishes within (1) the executive branch the Unified Coordination Group led by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and (2) FEMA a Supply Chain Stabilization Task Force to address the supply of critical protective and life saving equipment. The National Response Coordination Center, acting through the appropriate FEMA Regional Administrators, shall (1) request voluntary information from states regarding their holdings of equipment and medical supply necessary in the event of a pandemic, and (2) share information with states regarding the federal government's current inventory and plan. FEMA, in coordination with the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), shall monitor the inventory stockpile levels, economic and health care models, and evaluate available data on supply and demand trends to restock and increase the inventory of supplies maintained in the stockpile. The bill authorizes DHS to transfer personal protective equipment or medically necessary equipment to HHS during a declared public health emergency.

Bill· SS. 4157 (116th)open

National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center Pandemic Modeling Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center Pandemic Modeling Act of 2020 This bill expands the authority of the National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center to cover pandemics and other activities deemed appropriate by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). It also requires the center to provide modeling, simulation, and analyses to federal agencies upon request and not later than 15 days after completion. The CISA shall annually provide a summary of the center's current projects to each federal agency or department with critical infrastructure responsibilities. If such an agency requests additional information on a specific project, the CISA shall provide the information within 30 days after the request. The CISA shall (1) within 45 days after this bill's enactment, provide a summary of the past pandemic projects and provide all pandemic reports of the center to each federal agency with critical infrastructure responsibilities; and (2) within 180 days after this bill's enactment, brief Congress on current pandemic modeling, simulation, and analyses of the center.

Bill· SS. 4169 (116th)referred

National Commission on United States Counterterrorism Policy Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 2 July 2020

National Commission on United States Counterterrorism Policy Act of 2020 This bill establishes within the legislative branch the National Commission on United States Counterterrorism Policy. The commission shall (1) review U.S. counterterrorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, policies, programs, and activities; and (2) assess how to adapt and prioritize such policies, programs, and activities to ensure that they employ a mix of available instruments of national power, comply with the rule of law and respect for civil rights and liberties and human rights, focus on terrorism risks, and are balanced relative to the pursuit of other U.S. interests. The commission shall study, among other things the evolution of threats to the United States from September 11, 2001, from international and domestic terrorism and the risks they pose relative to other threats to the United States and U.S. national interests, major lessons learned from U.S. counterterrorism activities since that date, potential new or emerging challenges, and recommendations on how best to adapt U.S. counterterrorism activities to address existing and emerging terrorism risks.

Bill· SS. 4133 (116th)open

REAL ID Modernization Act

United States · United States Congress · 1 July 2020

REAL ID Modernization Act This bill revises requirements for obtaining driver's licenses and personal identification cards under the REAL ID Act of 2005. Specifically, the bill permits electronic and mobile driver's licenses, allows electronic submission of required information, permits a digital photograph to be one that is already on file with the state if the photograph was taken during the six-year period preceding the application, provides for the permanent extension of grants to states for conforming with standards, requires aircraft operators and third party reservation entities to notify passengers about this bill's requirement, and eliminates documentation requirements for Social Security numbers and permanent addresses.

Bill· SS. 3997 (116th)open

Safeguarding American Innovation Act

United States · United States Congress · 18 June 2020

Safeguarding American Innovation Act This bill addresses the security of federally funded research and development grants and export-controlled goods, technologies, or sensitive information. The bill establishes in the Office of Management and Budget a Federal Research Security Council to develop federally funded research and development grant making policy and management guidance to protect the national and economic security interests of the United States. Each executive agency on the council shall be responsible for assessing federal research security risks posed by persons participating in federally funded research and development. The bill prohibits any individual from knowingly (1) preparing or submitting a federal grant application that fails to disclose the receipt of any outside compensation, including foreign compensation, by the individual; or (2) forging, counterfeiting, or otherwise falsifying a document to obtain a federal grant. An alien shall be inadmissible to the United States if a consulate or the Department of Justice knows the alien seeks to enter the United States to acquire export-controlled goods, technologies, or sensitive information if the Department of State has determined that such acquisition would be contrary to U.S. national security (including economic security). The bill revises provisions relating to the disclosure of foreign gifts.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 628 (116th)referred

A resolution celebrating the 140th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and Romania.

United States · United States Congress · 18 June 2020

This resolution commemorates the 140th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and Romania. The resolution applauds Romania for its economic and social progress and encourages the United States to advocate for an increased NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) presence in Romania.

Bill· SS. 3985 (116th)open

JUSTICE Act

United States · United States Congress · 17 June 2020

Just and Unifying Solutions To Invigorate Communities Everywhere Act of 2020 or the JUSTICE Act This bill addresses policies and issues regarding policing practices and law enforcement accountability. The bill funds state and local grants, incentivizes state and local reporting on the use of certain policing practices, creates new federal offenses for certain misconduct, establishes a commission to study the conditions affecting Black men and boys, and establishes best practices and training requirements.

Bill· SS. 3897 (116th)referred

Protecting Europe’s Energy Security Clarification Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 4 June 2020

Protecting Europe's Energy Security Clarification Act of 2020 This bill expands existing sanctions on foreign individuals and entities that engage in certain activities relating to the construction of the Nord Stream 2 and TurkStream energy pipelines. Current law generally imposes visa- and property-blocking sanctions on foreign individuals and entities that knowingly took actions such as selling or leasing vessels that engaged in pipe laying related to the pipelines. Under this bill, the President shall also impose sanctions on foreign individuals and entities that engage in other specified activities, such as (1) providing underwriting services or insurance for such vessels, (2) installing welding equipment for such vessels, or (3) providing testing or inspection services for the Nord Stream 2 pipeline.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 583 (116th)open

A resolution honoring the life and achievements of former United States Senator Thomas Allen Coburn and expressing condolences to the family of Thomas Allen Coburn on his passing.

United States · United States Congress · 19 May 2020

This resolution declares that the Senate (1) has heard with profound sorrow and deep regret the announcement of the death of the Honorable Thomas Allen Coburn, former member of the U.S. Senate; (2) recognizes his life and achievements; and (3) expresses condolences to the family of the former Senator on his passing. Furthermore, this resolution declares that when the Senate adjourns on May 19, 2020, it stand adjourned as a further mark of respect to the memory of the Honorable Thomas Allen Coburn.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 588 (116th)passed

A resolution designating May 2020 as "ALS Awareness Month".

United States · United States Congress · 19 May 2020

This resolution designates May 2020 as ALS Awareness Month and commends efforts to improve the quality and length of life for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.

Law· SS. 3744 (116th)enacted

Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020

United States · United States Congress · 14 May 2020

Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 This bill imposes sanctions on foreign individuals and entities responsible for human rights abuses in China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous region and requires various reports on the topic. The President shall periodically report to Congress a list identifying foreign individuals and entities responsible for such human rights abuses. The President shall impose (1) property-blocking sanctions on the identified individuals and entities, and (2) visa-blocking sanctions on the identified individuals. The bill requires reports to Congress on (1) human rights abuses in Xinjiang; (2) efforts to protect U.S. citizens and residents, including ethnic Uyghurs and Chinese nationals studying or working in the United States, from harassment and intimidation by the Chinese government; and (3) the Chinese government's acquisition and development of technology to facilitate internment and mass surveillance in Xinjiang. The Office of the Director of National Intelligence shall submit a classified report to Congress on (1) Chinese government policies in Xinjiang that constitute gross violations of human rights, and (2) the scope and scale of the detention and forced labor of Muslim minority groups in China.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 571 (116th)passed

A resolution congratulating the students, parents, teachers, and leaders of charter schools across the United States for making ongoing contributions to education and supporting the ideals and goals of the 21st annual National Charter Schools Week, to be held May 10 through May 16, 2020.

United States · United States Congress · 12 May 2020

This resolution congratulates the students, families, teachers, administrators, and staff of public charter schools across the United States for (1) making ongoing contributions to public education, (2) making impressive strides in closing the academic achievement gap in U.S. schools, and (3) improving and strengthening the public school system. The resolution supports the ideals and goals of the 21st annual National Charter Schools Week.

Resolution· SRESS.Res. 569 (116th)passed

A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that, during Public Service Recognition Week, public servants should be commended for their dedication and continued service to the United States.

United States · United States Congress · 11 May 2020

This resolution supports the designation of May 3-May 9, 2020, as Public Service Recognition Week. It also commends public servants for their contributions during the COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus disease 2019) crisis.