United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that no person may advertise or distribute in commerce a food or food supplement as 'organic', 'organically grown', or 'organically processed', unless such food is: (1) grown or processed by a person registered by the Secretary of Agriculture, and (2) labeled in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. Authorizes the Secretary to establish such registration procedures and labeling regulations as necessary. Provides that the Secretary shall inspect each farm and establishment in any State registered with the Secretary under this Act no less than twice per year for each crop grown during the year. Provides that the purpose of such inspection shall be to determine whether the farm or establishment meets the conditions for the growth and processing prescribed by the Secretary, including a standard for minimal humus and mineral content of the soil and standards for maximum permissible residues from pesticides in the soil, the produce, and the water sources.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that any resident of the Republic of the Philippines may be a dependent for purposes of the income tax deduction for personal exemptions under the Internal Revenue Code. (Amends 26 U.S.C. 152(b)(3))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides, under the Federal Aviation Act, for reduced rate transportation on a space available basis for youth (between 12 and 22), elderly people (aged 65 and older), and military personnel who are members of the United States armed services traveling at their own expense, in uniform and while on official leave, furlough, or pass. (Amends 49 U.S.C. 1373(b))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Eliminates the $60,000 per year limit on appropriations for Federal agricultural services to Guam and repeals the termination date of such programs. (Amends 78 Stat. 927)
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Exempts from the literacy requirement provisions for admission to the United States under the Immigration and Nationality Act, the son, brother, sister, uncle, or aunt of U.S. citizens and permanent resident aliens. (Amends 8 U.S.C. 1182(b))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Establishes an executive department to be known as the Department of Education. Provides that the function and purpose of the Department shall be to promote the cause and advancement of education throughout the Nation. Establishes, in the Department, the offices of Secretary, an Under Secretary, four Assistant Secretaries, and a General Counsel, each of whom shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Transfers to the Department, the United States Office of Education, together with all of its functions, personnel, property, records, obligations, commitments, and unexpended balances of appropriations, allocations and other funds. Provides that the Secretary shall, as soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, make a report to the President for the submission to the Congress on the activities of the Department during the preceding calendar year. Establishes a Federal Interagency Committee on Education to study and recommend such actions as may be necessary to assure effective coordination of Federal programs affecting education. Authorizes to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of this title and to perform any other duties which may be imposed upon it by law.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
National Academies of Criminal Justice Act - Establishes an Academy of Criminal Justice at a law school to be designated by the President to provide education and training for students interested in criminal law and its administration. Provides that Congress may establish other such academies. Provides for a seven member Board of Regents for each Academy to determine general policy and principles for the Academy; provide guidance to the Director of the Academy; approve faculty appointments and major expenditures; and report annually to the President and Congress. Provides that each Academy shall have a Director, whose duties will include establishment of staff positions and qualifications therefor, determination of the course of study and arrangement for conduct of research and administration of financial affairs. Sets forth a four year curriculum to be incorporated with a basic course of study at the law school. Provides for appointment of one student by each Senator and five by the President and sets forth qualifications for appointment. Provides for a graduate course of study in the field of criminal justice.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Requires the Secretary of Labor, under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, to recognize the difference in hazards to employees between the heavy construction industry and the light residential construction industry in promulgating health and safety standards. (Amends 29 U.S.C. 655)
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that the Secretary of Transportation and the Interstate Commerce Commission shall require common carriers under their jurisdiction to prohibit smoking aboard aircraft, railroads, buses, and vessels carrying passengers, except in areas designated for that purpose.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Removes the present $45,000 ceiling on secured loans for single-family dwelling units authorized under the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933. (Amends 12 U.S.C. 1464(c))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that the President of the United States shall designate as Governor and Lieutenant Governor of American Samoa the individual who is nominated by the electors of American Samoa for each such position.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that the retired pay of any member or former member of the Armed Forces who was on active duty or in an active status on or before May 31, 1958, and who became or will become entitled to receive retired pay based upon age, length of service, or physical disability under provisions of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, shall be computed at current active duty pay rates and increased to reflect later changes in applicable pay rates.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
International Health Agency Act - Declares the finding of the Congress that the improvement of health services on an international basis is in the finest heritage of the United States. Declares it to be in the interests of the United States to provide assistance to developing nations working to help themselves provide needed health services. Declares it to be necessary and desirable for this nation to aid health professionals and activities in the developing areas in the battle against disease, malnutrition and natural disasters. Authorizes the President to carry out programs in furtherance of the purposes of this Act through an agency to be created by him and to be known as the International Health Agency. Provides for the Agency to assist and support the activities of private voluntary agencies in the field of health services. Authorizes the President to utilize Foreign Service Reserve Officers, Foreign Service staff officers and employees as he deems necessary to carry out functions under this Act. Authorizes the appropriation of up to $25,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending June 30, 1974 and for each succeeding fiscal year.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Equitable Benefits Amendments to the Sugar Act - Provides, under the Sugar Act of 1948, that all persons employed on the farm in the production, cultivation, or harvesting of sugar beets or sugarcane with respect to which an application for payment is made shall be paid a minimum wage of $2.00 an hour in calendar year 1973 and the same wage until a new minimum wage is determined in the succeeding year. Requires producers to comply with Federal regulations pertaining to adequate housing facilities and adequate water and sanitary facilities in the fields which he provides or causes to be provided. States that the producer shall not have charged, or permitted to be charged, directly or indirectly, any amount in excess of the reasonable cost for the furnishing to any employee, board, lodging, or other facilities or services customarily furnished by such producer or producers in the area or by a crew leader or labor contractor under the producer's control. Provides that the producer shall not have discharged or in any other manner discriminate any employee because such employee has filed any complaint or instituted or caused to be instituted any proceeding under or related to this Act, or has testified or is about to testify in any such proceeding, or has served or is about to serve on a committee or panel under this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Makes the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act applicable to the following additional territories of the United States: American Samoa, Wake Island, and specified Outer Continental Shelf lands. (Adds 29 U.S.C. 152(14),(15))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that, except in the case of interest or dividends, no federally insured financial institution may offer or deliver any merchandise or any certificate, stamp, ticket, or other obligation or memorandum which is or may be redeemable in merchandise, money, or credit as an inducement to any person to make, open, or add to any deposit or account. (Amends 12 U.S.C. 371b, 1828(g), 1425b)
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides procedures for redressing grievances of members of the Armed Forces. Prohibits and makes punishable by confinement the following acts when committed by a member of the Armed Forces: the maintenance of unsafe and unsanitary military penal facilities; brutal treatment or cruel and unusal punishment of a prisoner in a military penal facility; brutal treatment of another member of the Armed Forces under color of duty; and denial of constitutional rights to another member of the Armed Forces. Creates a United States Military Justice Commission, to be composed of 11 Presidential appointees and headed by a Chairman, who will be responsible for all administrative operations of the Commission. Establishes the position of Commission General Counsel, who will have final authority with respect to the investigation of complaints. Gives the Commission jurisdiction to determine complaints concerning the offenses listed above, and to adjudge punishment for the violation. Gives the commission the discretion to initiate investigations to determine whether violations have occurred. Prescribes the procedure for filing complaints, for the Commission's action on a complaint, and pretrial and trial procedure. Grants the Commission exclusive jurisdiction over the violations listed above, except for the authority of the United States civil courts to grant writs of habeas corpus. Provides for an annual review and study of the operation of these provisions. Establishes a United States Court of Military Grievances, to consist of 3 judges appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. Provides that the Court will review the record in cases where a Commission sentence affects a general or flag officer; cases decided by the Commission and sent to the Court for review; and cases decided by the Commission on which the Court grants review. Permits the Court to order a rehearing or dismiss the charges.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that poultry and meat products prepared from animals which were at the time of slaughter diseased in whole or in part shall be deemed adulterated. (Amends 21 U.S.C. 453(g))
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Uniformed Services Special Pay Act - Provides that an officer of the Army or Navy in the Medical or Dental Corps, an officer of the Air Force who is designated as a medical or dental officer, or a medical or dental officer of the Public Health Service, who is on active duty for a period of more than thirty days is entitled, in addition to any other pay or allowances, to special pay at the following rates: (1) $100 a month for each month of active duty if he has not completed two years of active duty in a category named above; or (2) $350 a month for each month of active duty if he has completed two years of active duty. Provides that a member of a uniformed service who: (1) has completed at least twenty-one months of active duty (other than for training); (2) is designated as having a critical military skill; and (3) reenlists or voluntarily extends his enlistment in a regular component of the service concerned for a period of at least three years; may be paid a sum of money, not to exceed six months of the basic pay to which he was entitled at the time of his discharge or release, multiplied by the number of years or the monthly fractions thereof, of additional obligated service, not to exceed six years, or $15,000, whichever is the lesser amount. States that a person who enlists in an armed force for a period of at least three years or who extends his initial period of active duty in that armed force to a total of at least three years, may under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard, be paid an amount prescribed by the Secretary concerned but not more than $3,000. Provides for special pay for officers of the armed forces in health professions who execute active duty agreements. States that upon acceptance of such agreement by the Secretary concerned such officer is entitled to an amount not to exceed $12,000 for each year of the active duty agreement. Provides that such officer must be qualified in a critical health profession and qualified, as determined by a board composed of officers in his profession, to enter into such an agreement. Requires the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to submit a written report each year to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives regarding the operation of this program. Provides that an officer of an armed force who is designated by the Secretary concerned as an officer possessing skills in a critical shortage specialty and whose retention on, or voluntary recall to, active duty would be of benefit to the United States, and who executes an agreement to serve on continuous active duty in that specialty for a period of not less than one year, but not more than six years, in addition to any other period of active duty for which he is obligated, may be paid, in addition to all other compensation, a sum of money not to exceed $4,000 for each year of such agreement. Provides special pay for participation in the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve of an armed force. States that the amount of special pay for those persons possessing critical military skills as determined by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard shall be: (1) up to $2,200 for a six-year enlistment, reenlistment or extension of the enlistment period; or (2) for a lesser enlistment, reenlistment or extension of enlistment period, ten percent of the total for one year, twenty-two percent of the total for two years, thirty-seven percent of the total for three years, fifty-four percent of the total for four years, or seventy-five percent of the total for five years. States that the amount of such pay for persons not possessing such critical skills shall be: (1) up to $1,100 for a six-year enlistment, reenlistment or extension of enlistment period; or (2) an amount as determined by the above formula for a lesser enlistment, reenlistment or extension of enlistment period.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Asian American Affairs Act - Establishes the Cabinet committee for Asian American Affairs to advise, authorize, and direct the departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the Federal Government and organizations receiving Federal funds regarding appropriate action to be taken to help assure that Federal and other programs are providing the assistance needed by Asian Americans as a whole or by the individual Asian American ethnic, cultural, or nationality groups. Provides that the committee shall advise and direct such departments, agencies, and instrumentalities on programs focusing on the special problems and needs of Asian Americans. Establishes an Advisory Council composed of twelve members appointed by the President from among persons who are representative of the Japanese American, Chinese American, Korean American, Filipino American, Polynesian American, and other elements of the Asian American community in the United States. Provides that the committee shall direct and authorize the Advisory Council and staff to investigate such areas of possible discrimination as the committee may specify, and possible discriminatory practices in the areas of employment, housing, education, welfare and other public services, religion, recreation and other areas that may arise against the Asian Americans. Provides that the committee shall conduct public hearings at any place with power to subpena records to investigate discrimination against Asian Americans; examine for, resolve, and correct any injustices and discrimination against Asian Americans in their respective departments; and foster such surveys, studies, research, and demonstration and technical assistance projects, establish such relationship with State and local governments and the private sector, and promote such participation of State and local governments and the private sector as may be appropriate to indentify and assist in solving the special problems of Asian Americans as a whole or as individual Asian American ethnic, cultural, or nationality groups. Gives the Advisory Council cease and desist powers to enforce its finding of discriminatory practices against Asian Americans. Requires the Advisory Council to submit to the committee an annual report on its activities. Authorizes to be appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1974, $7,000,000 and for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, $12,000,000 to carry out the purposes of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Declares it to be the policy of the United States to encourage, develop, and implement, at the earliest possible time, policies which will, by voluntary means consistent with human rights and individual conscience, move to stabilize the population of the United States and thereby promote the future well-being of the citizens of this Nation and the entire world.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Constitutional Amendment - Provides that the people of the District constituting the seat of government of the United States shall elect at least one Representative in Congress and, as may be provided by law, one or more additional Representatives or Senators, or both, up to the number of which the District would be entitled if it were a State.
United States · United States Congress · 3 January 1973
Provides that except during the period of war declared by Congress or the period of a national emergency declared by Congress, if any unit of any armed force of the United States is committed to action in any armed conflict with hostile forces outside the United States, the President, as soon as practicable after any such unit is so committed but no later than seventy-two hours after initial commitment, shall report in detail to Congress his reasons for, and his evaluation with respect to the effect and duration of, such commitment. Provides that if the Congress, within thirty calendar days after receiving such report, shall not by concurrent resolution approve or otherwise act on said report, such commiment shall immediately terminate, and the President, as soon as practicable but not later than thirty calendar days after such termination, shall disengage all forces so committed.
![Official portrait of Sen. Matsunaga, Spark M. [D-HI]](https://www.congress.gov/img/member/m000250_200.jpg)