NDO Fairness Act

Summary

NDO Fairness Act   This bill increases the requirements the government must meet to obtain a nondisclosure order (NDO) under the Stored Communications Act (SCA). The SCA generally prohibits providers of remote computing services or electronic communication services (providers) from disclosing stored electronic communications or records (e.g., emails) or information pertaining to customers or subscribers. However, the SCA authorizes the government seek a warrant, order, or subpoena to compel providers to disclose electronic communications or records or information pertaining to customers or subscribers during an investigation. Providers may notify customers and subscribers of the warrant, order, or subpoena unless the government obtains a court order—an NDO—that delays the notification. This bill raises the standard the government must meet to obtain (or extend) an NDO. The bill also requires the court, before issuing an NDO, to issue a written determination that the standard was met based on specific and articulable facts, and to review the underlying warrant, order, or subpoena. The bill requires NDOs to be narrowly tailored. It also limits their duration to 90 days for most investigations, though it permits a duration of up to one year for investigations pertaining to an offense involving child pornography or sexual exploitation of children. Finally, the bill requires the Department of Justice to report annually on data related to NDOs, including the number of customers or subscribers targeted; applications for orders; orders granted, extended, or denied; and orders targeting members of the media or conduct related to certain protected activities.

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Timeline

1. 17 November 2025

   Introduced

   Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

   Source: IntroReferral

2. 17 November 2025

   Introduced

   Introduced in House

   Source: IntroReferral

3. 17 November 2025

   Introduced

   Introduced in House

   Source: IntroReferral

4. 18 November 2025

   Committee

   Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

   Source: Committee

5. 20 November 2025

   Reported

   Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.

   Source: Committee

6. 20 November 2025

   Committee

   Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

   Source: Committee

Votes

No vote records are attached yet.

Versions

No version snapshots stored. Document URLs remain at the source.

Documents

2 official files

• Introduced in House

  Introduced in House · EN · 17 November 2025

  ViewDownloadOpen at official source

• Introduced in House

  summary · EN · 17 November 2025

  Open at official source

Sponsors

• Scott Fitzgerald · R · Sponsor
• Jerrold Nadler · D · Sponsor
• · hsju00 · Standing

Related records

• related to ← NDO Fairness Act of 2026