United States · Bill · S
S. 1445 (118th)
Stand Your Ground Act of 2023
Introduced
4 May 2023
Last action
—
Status
Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
Sponsors
—
Subjects
Discovery layer
Source updated
10 August 2026
Summary
Stand Your Ground Act of 2023 This bill establishes affirmative defenses for individuals who use (or threaten or attempt to use) force in the commission of certain federal criminal violations. First, an individual is justified in using (or threatening or attempting to use) non-deadly force if the individual reasonably believes it is necessary to defend against an imminent use of unlawful force. An individual who is at risk of becoming a victim of a forcible felony does not have a duty to retreat before using force to act in self-defense. Second, an individual is justified in using (or threatening or attempting to use) deadly force if the individual reasonably believes it is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm or to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible felony. An individual who is at risk of becoming a victim of a forcible felony does not have a duty to retreat before using force to act in self-defense and may use any means necessary to defend himself or herself so long as the individual is not engaged in a criminal activity and is in a place where he or she has a right to be.
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Timeline
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Votes
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Versions
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Documents
3 official files
Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 4 May 2023
Introduced in Senate (PDF)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 4 May 2023
Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 4 May 2023
Sponsors
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Related records
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Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1445
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/118/s/1445