Combating Illicit Xylazine Act

Summary

Combating Illicit Xylazine Act This bill regulates xylazine under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Xylazine, also known as tranq , is a nonopioid sedative and pain reliever that is approved for use in animals. Recently, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has reported an increase in trafficking of fentanyl mixed with xylazine. This bill adds xylazine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, to schedule III of the CSA. Schedule III controlled substances, including anabolic steroids, buprenorphine, and ketamine, have less potential for abuse than a schedule I or II substance, have a currently accepted medical use, and have low or moderate risk of dependence if abused. Under the bill, manufacturing, distributing, or dispensing xylazine, or possessing with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense xylazine for illicit use is subject to criminal penalties under the CSA. The bill also requires xylazine transactions to be tracked in the drug reporting system maintained by the DEA. The bill exempts from registration under the CSA persons and entities that possess xylazine (1) lawfully dispensed by a veterinarian or pharmacy and (2) for an animal or for use in certain animal-control or wildlife programs. The bill also exempts xylazine manufacturers from the CSA's physical security requirements. Finally, the bill requires the DEA, in coordination with the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), to provide Congress with a report on how the agencies previously determined whether xylazine should be a controlled substance, including the full text of HHS's recommendations to the DEA for scheduling xylazine.

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Timeline

1. 12 February 2025

   Introduced

   Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

   Source: IntroReferral

2. 12 February 2025

   Introduced

   Introduced in Senate

   Source: IntroReferral

3. 26 March 2026

   Reported

   Committee on the Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

   Source: Committee

4. 15 April 2026

   Calendars

   Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 372.

   Source: Calendars

5. 15 April 2026

   Reported

   Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

   Source: Committee

Votes

No vote records are attached yet.

Versions

No version snapshots stored. Document URLs remain at the source.

Documents

3 official files

• Reported to Senate

  Reported to Senate · EN · 15 April 2026

  DownloadOpen at official source

• Reported to Senate

  summary · EN · 15 April 2026

  Open at official source

• Introduced in Senate

  Introduced in Senate · EN · 12 February 2025

  DownloadOpen at official source

Sponsors

• Sen. Cortez Masto, Catherine [D-NV] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Hassan, Margaret Wood [D-NH] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Gillibrand, Kirsten E. [D-NY] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Hyde-Smith, Cindy [R-MS] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Cantwell, Maria [D-WA] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Scott, Rick [R-FL] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Shaheen, Jeanne [D-NH] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Britt, Katie Boyd [R-AL] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Capito, Shelley Moore [R-WV] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Young, Todd [R-IN] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Risch, James E. [R-ID] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Rosen, Jacky [D-NV] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Luján, Ben Ray [D-NM] · D · Sponsor
• Sen. Wicker, Roger F. [R-MS] · R · Sponsor
• Sen. Gallego, Ruben [D-AZ] · D · Cosponsor
• Sen. Tillis, Thomas [R-NC] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Fetterman, John [D-PA] · D · Cosponsor
• Sen. Bennet, Michael F. [D-CO] · D · Cosponsor
• Sen. Lummis, Cynthia M. [R-WY] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. King, Angus S., Jr. [I-ME] · I · Cosponsor
• Sen. Justice, James C. [R-WV] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Crapo, Mike [R-ID] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. McCormick, David [R-PA] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Lankford, James [R-OK] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Moody, Ashley [R-FL] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Cornyn, John [R-TX] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Durbin, Richard J. [D-IL] · D · Cosponsor
• Sen. Cruz, Ted [R-TX] · R · Cosponsor
• Sen. Merkley, Jeff [D-OR] · D · Cosponsor
• · ssju00 · Standing

Related records

• related to → Combating Illicit Xylazine Act