United States · Bill · SJRES
S.J.Res. 9 (104th)
A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States barring Federal unfunded mandates to the States.
Introduced
4 January 1995
Last action
4 January 1995 · Introduced
Status
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Sponsors
Sen. Hatch, Orrin G. [R-UT], Sen. Brown, Hank [R-CO], Sen. Abraham, Spencer [R-MI], Sen. Lott, Trent [R-MS], Sen. Kempthorne, Dirk [R-ID], Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL], Sen. Smith, Bob [R-NH], Sen. Thomas, Craig [R-WY]
Subjects
Rule of law
Source updated
10 August 2026
Summary
Constitutional Amendment - Denies enforceability against any State or local government of: (1) any obligation imposed upon such government by or pursuant to a Federal law that becomes effective after the ratification of this amendment unless the Federal Government provides it with the funds needed to pay its compliance costs; and (2) any condition similarly imposed upon the receipt of Federal assistance by such a government unless it is directly and substantially related to the specific subject matter of the assistance. Allows waiver of such denial by a two-thirds recorded roll call vote of each House of Congress only if such obligations or conditions are specifically identified and imposed by a single, specified Act of Congress containing no other matter. Prohibits any Federal law from imposing upon any State or local government an obligation to enact or administer a Federal program. Provides for judicial review, but disallows as a judicial remedy an order or ruling that the Federal Government provide a State or local government with the funds needed to pay its compliance costs. Provides that nothing in this constitutional amendment shall be construed as rendering compatible with the U.S. Constitution any exercise of Federal power that would, in the absence of the amendment, violate that Constitution.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
4 January 1995
Introduced
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
4 January 1995
Introduced
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S415-416)
Source: IntroReferral
4 January 1995
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
Source: IntroReferral
Votes
No vote records are attached yet.
Versions
- Introduced in Senate · 4 January 1995 · Download file
Documents
3 official files
Introduced in Senate (text)
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Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 4 January 1995
Introduced in Senate (PDF)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 4 January 1995
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Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 4 January 1995
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Sponsors
- Sen. Hatch, Orrin G. [R-UT] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Brown, Hank [R-CO] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Abraham, Spencer [R-MI] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Lott, Trent [R-MS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Kempthorne, Dirk [R-ID] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Smith, Bob [R-NH] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Thomas, Craig [R-WY] · R · Sponsor
- · ssju00 · Standing
Related records
No cross-record relationships stored yet.
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-joint-resolution/9
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/104/sjres/9
- us · 104-sjres-9 · source updated 10 August 2026