United States · Law · S
S. 900 (106th)
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
Introduced
28 April 1999
Last action
12 November 1999 · President
Status
Became Public Law No: 106-102.
Sponsors
Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX]
Subjects
Housing, Agriculture
Source updated
7 April 2025
Summary
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Facilitating Affiliation Among Banks, Securities Firms, and Insurance Companies Subtitle A: Affiliations Subtitle B: Streamlining Supervision of Bank Holding Companies Subtitle C: Activities of National Banks Subtitle D: National Treatment of Foreign Financial Institutions Title II: Insurance Customer Protections Title III: Regulatory Improvements Title IV: Federal Home Loan Bank System Modernization Title V: Functional Regulation of Brokers and Dealers Title VI: Unitary Savings and Loan Holding Companies Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 - Title I: Facilitating Affiliation Among Banks, Securities Firms, and Insurance Companies - Subtitle A: Affiliations - Amends the Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall Act) to repeal prohibitions: (1) against affiliation of any Federal Reserve member bank with an entity engaged principally in securities activities (securities affiliate); and (2) against simultaneous service by any officer, director, or employee of a securities firm as an officer, director, or employee of any member bank (interlocking directorates). (Sec. 102) Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (BHCA) to permit a bank holding company (BHC) to engage in any activity or to acquire the shares of any company whose activities have been determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the Board) to be either financial in nature, or incidental to financial activities. Prescribes guidelines governing consultation and coordination between the Board and the Department of the Treasury to determine the financial nature of such activities. Prohibits such financial activities unless all insured BHC subsidiary depository institutions are well capitalized and well- managed, and the BHC has certified that they meet certain Board standards. Instructs the Board to apply comparable capital and management standards to a foreign bank that operates a branch or agency, or owns or controls a commercial lending company in the United States, giving due regard to the principle of national treatment and equality of competitive opportunity. Cites circumstances under which certain companies that become BHCs after enactment of this Act are authorized to continue their commodities transactions and affiliations. Amends the BHCA to exempt from its prohibition against interests in nonbanking organizations the shares of any company whose activities had been determined by the Board, as of the day before enactment of this Act, to be so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident thereto. (Sec. 104) Retains the McCarran-Ferguson Act as the law of the United States. Proscribes any State laws which impede or restrict insurance sales activities by an insured depository institution. Enumerates permissible State restrictions upon certain insurance sales practices conducted by insured depository institutions. Preserves certain State regulatory oversight over insurance. Preempts certain State affiliation laws governing insurance companies and affiliates. Exempts short-term motor vehicle leases or rentals from mandatory insurance licensing requirements. Subtitle B: Streamlining Supervision of Bank Holding Companies - Prohibits the Board from imposing any capital or capital adequacy criteria upon a BHC subsidiary that is not an insured depository institution, but is either in compliance with State or Federal capitalization rules, or is registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Prohibits the Board, in developing capital adequacy requirements, from taking into consideration any affiliated investment company which is neither a BHC nor controlled by one holding 25 percent or more shares of the investment company worth more than $1 million. Subjects securities and insurance activities conducted by a functionally regulated subsidiary of a bank to the jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission and State regulatory authorities. (Sec. 112) Declares ineffective and non-enforceable any Board actions requiring an insurance company BHC or a registered securities broker-dealer BHC to provide assets to an insured depository institution subsidiary if either the State insurance authority, or the SEC, determines in writing that such actions would have a material adverse effect on the BHC's financial condition. Permits the Board to order divestiture of the subsidiary in lieu of other action. (Sec. 113) Prohibits the Board from taking certain statutory action against a functionally regulated BHC subsidiary unless it is necessary to prevent or redress an unsafe or unsound practice, or breach of fiduciary duty that poses a material risk to the financial safety, soundness or stability of either an affiliated depository institution, or to the domestic or international payment system. (Sec. 114) Denies a Federal banking agency examination authority over a registered investment company that is neither a BHC nor a savings and loan holding company. Grants the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) examination authority over an affiliate of an insured depository institution if the FDIC finds it necessary to determine the condition of the insured depository institution for insurance purposes. (Sec. 115) Declares that BHCA restrictions upon Board authority over BHCs and their functionally regulated subsidiaries also limit the authority of a Federal banking agency with respect to such companies and their subsidiaries. (Exempts the FDIC from such proscription in the exercise of its insurance oversight.) (Sec. 116) Prescribes guidelines under which the Board, a Federal banking agency, and a state insurance regulator may, upon request, exchange certain financial status information concerning a BHC in control of a company engaged in insurance activities (including a relationship between an insurance company and any affiliated depository institution). (Sec. 117) Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (FDIA) to prohibit the use of the Bank Insurance Fund (BIF) and the Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF) to benefit any shareholder, subsidiary, or nondepository affiliate. Subtitle C: Activities of National Banks - Amends Federal banking law to provide that limitations placed on securities transactions by a national banking association for its own account do not apply to State, local, or municipal bond transactions by a well-capitalized national banking association. (Sec. 122) Delineates conditions under which a national bank may control or hold an interest in a financial subsidiary. Amends the Federal Reserve Act to set forth statutory parameters for transactions between national banks, their financial subsidiaries, and nonbank affiliates. (Sec. 123) Permits a national bank to control or hold an interest in a company that engages in agency activities that have been deemed permissible for national banks if the company transacts such activities solely as agent and not as principal. (Sec. 124) Revises Federal criminal law to subject an institution- affiliated party to criminal sanctions for fraudulent misrepresentations concerning financial institution liability for obligations of such affiliate. (Sec. 125) Permits a national bank and its subsidiaries to provide insurance in a State as principal only in accordance with the Revised Statutes of the United States (as amended by this Act). Exempts authorized insurance products from such statutory parameters. Subtitle D: National Treatment of Foreign Financial Institutions - Amends the International Banking Act of 1978 (IBA) to terminate the grandfathered authority of a foreign bank or company to conduct specified activities if it files a certain BHCA declaration pertaining to interests in nonbanking organizations. Authorizes the Board to: (1) place restrictions upon a foreign bank or company comparable to those imposed upon a domestic counterpart if such entity has not timely filed a BHCA declaration regarding its status as a bank holding company; or (2) conduct examinations of a foreign bank or company in order to enforce compliance with Federal banking law. Title II: Insurance Customer Protections - Declares that the States shall functionally regulate the insurance activity of any person or entity, subject to the requirements of this Act. (Sec. 201) Amends the FDIA to require each Federal banking agency to promulgate insurance customer protection regulations which address: (1) sales practices; (2) disclosures and advertising; (3) antitying and anticoercion prohibitions relating to credit practices; (4) separation of banking and nonbanking activities (including physical segregation of banking activities from insurance product activities). Sets forth Federal preemption guidelines and Federal and State dispute resolution procedures. Title III: Regulatory Improvements - Amends the FDIA and the Deposit Insurance Funds Act of 1996 to eliminate the Special Reserve of the SAIF and of the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) (established to provide emergency funds if the reserve ratio of either fund remains below 50 percent of its designated ratio for one year). (Sec. 302) Directs the Comptroller General to study and report to Congress on the impact upon community banks of specified possible revisions to rules governing S corporations. (Sec. 303) Deems an insured depository institution rated "satisfactory" or better in its most recent examination (including each examination in the immediately preceding 36-month period) to be in compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) until completion of a subsequent regularly scheduled examination. Places the burden of proving the substantial verifiable nature of information alleging CRA noncompliance upon the party filing such information. (Sec. 305) Amends the BHCA concerning interests in nonbanking organizations to repeal limitations, including cross marketing restrictions, placed on banks which are controlled by certain banks not statutorily treated as BHCs. Redefines "permissible overdrafts." Prescribes procedures under which certain companies may avoid mandatory divestiture of banks under their control upon: (1) cessation of noncompliant conditions; and (2) implementation of procedures to avoid their reoccurrence. (Sec. 306) Mandates a "plain language" requirement for the promulgation of Federal agency banking rules. (Sec. 307) Amends Federal law to declare that any depository institution whose charter is converted from that of a Federal savings association to a national bank or a State bank after enactment of this Act may retain the term "Federal" in its name so long as it remains an insured depository institution. (Sec. 308) Exempts from CRA purview a community financial institution located in a non-metropolitan area whose aggregate assets do not exceed $100 million. (Sec. 309) Amends the Federal Power Act to cite circumstances under which its proscriptions against interlocking directorates (enacted to address abuses of interlocking directorates) are inapplicable to a person that holds or proposes to hold the positions of an officer or director of: (1) a public utility; and (2) a bank, trust company, banking association, or firm authorized to underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of a public utility. (Sec. 311) Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the States should implement uniform insurance agent and broker licensing requirements that result in a fully reciprocal licensing system, and eliminate requirements that have the effect of discriminating against non-resident insurance agents or brokers; (2) if the States fail to do so, Congress should take steps to rectify certain duplicative requirements among the States relating to insurance licensing, administration, and anticompetitive provisions; and (3) the National Association of Insurance Commissioners should supervise and exercise oversight over any entity congressionally established to rectify such problems. TITLE IV: Federal Home Loan Bank System Modernization - Federal Home Loan Bank System Modernization Act of 1999 - Amends the Home Owners' Loan Act (HOLA) to expand Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) membership parameters to make a Federal savings association's membership in the FHLB system voluntary instead of mandatory. Amends the Federal Home Loan Bank Act (FHLBA) to permit any member to withdraw if the Federal Housing Finance Board (FHFB) certifies that such withdrawal will not cause the FHLB system to fail to meet its obligation to contribute to the debt service for obligations of the Resolution Funding Corporation. (Currently such withdrawal is prohibited). (Sec. 404) Expands parameters governing long-term advances to: (1) include advances to any community financial institution for small businesses, small farms, and small agri-businesses; (2) state that FHLB cash (as well as, currently, deposits) are eligible collateral for securing a bank's interest in a loan or advance; and (3) repeal the 30 percent capital cap on the aggregate amount of outstanding advances that are secured by real estate related collateral. States that, in the case of any community financial institution, the collateral that is eligible for an FHLB loan includes secured loans for small business, agriculture, or securities representing a whole interest in secured loans. Authorizes an FHLB to renew certain advances on its own determination without concurrence by the FHFB. Requires an FHLB member with an advance secured by insufficient eligible collateral to reduce its level of outstanding advances according to a schedule determined by the FHLB (instead of, as currently, by the FHFB). Authorizes such Board to: (1) review the collateral standards applicable to each FHLB for designated classes of collateral; and (2) require an increase in such standards for safety and soundness purposes. (Sec. 405) Revises eligibility criteria to permit certain community financial institutions to gain FHLB membership regardless of the percentage of total assets represented by residential mortgage loans. (Sec. 406) Amends the FHLBA to increase from two years to four years the term of an elective director of a Federal home loan bank. Repeals the mandates for: (1) a procedure for informal review of certain supervisory decisions; and (2) the Housing Opportunity Hotline program. Repeals: (1) the prohibition against an FHLB's acquisition, without prior FHFB approval, of a bank building by purchase or an over-ten-year lease; (2) the requirement for FHFB approval of personnel decisions as well as the exercise of corporate powers by any FHLB; and (2) authorization for an FHLB president to be a member of the FHLB board. Grants the FHFB power to: (1) issue charges upon an FHLB or any executive officer or director for violation of law or regulation in connection with the granting of any application or other request by the bank, or any written agreement between the bank and the FHFB, and take affirmative action to correct conditions resulting from violations or practices, or to limit FHLB activities; and (2) sue and be sued. Repeals FHFB jurisdiction to approve the granting by an FHLB of a member's application to secure an advance. Revises guidelines governing reserves and dividends to permit dividend payments out of previously retained earnings or current net earnings (currently, only out of net earnings). Repeals the requirement for: (1) FHFB approval for such dividend payments; and (2) investment of FHLB reserves exclusively in U.S. obligations or certain other Federal Government-related securities. (Sec. 407) States that FHLB payments to the Resolution Funding Corporation to cover interest payments on obligations shall be a specified percentage of net earnings (currently an aggregate sum certain). (Sec. 408) Instructs the Comptroller General to study and report to Congress on possible revisions to the capital structure of the FHLB System and their possible impact upon the System's operations and a specified statutory obligation. Title V: Functional Regulation of Brokers and Dealers - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to include: (1) certain bank activities within the definition of "broker" and "dealer" (thus subjecting them to registration requirements and regulation under such Act); and (2) a qualified Canadian government obligation within the definition of "government security". Title VI: Unitary Savings and Loan Holding Companies - Amends HOLA to declare specified restrictions inapplicable to certain unitary savings and loan holding companies in existence on or before a specified deadline, or whose applications were either filed or pending before such deadline. (Thus prohibits establishment of new unitary savings and loan holding companies.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
24 February 1999
Committee
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Hearings held.
Source: Committee
25 February 1999
Committee
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 106-426.
Source: Committee
4 March 1999
Reported
Committee on Banking ordered to be reported an original measure.
Source: Committee
28 April 1999
Calendars
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 94.
Source: Calendars
28 April 1999
Reported
Committee on Banking. Original measure reported to Senate by Senator Gramm. With written report No. 106-44. Additional views filed. (consideration: CR S4346)
Source: Committee
28 April 1999
Reported
Committee on Banking. Original measure reported to Senate by Senator Gramm. With written report No. 106-44. Additional views filed.(consideration: CR S4346)
Source: Committee
28 April 1999
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
Source: IntroReferral
3 May 1999
Floor
Motion to proceed to consideration of measure made in Senate. (consideration: CR S4616)
Source: Floor
4 May 1999
Passed
Motion to proceed to consideration of measure agreed to in Senate. (consideration: CR S4616)
Source: Floor
5 May 1999
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S4735-4788)
Source: Floor
6 May 1999
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S4821-4845, S4847-4878)
Source: Floor
6 May 1999
Vote
Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with amendments by Yea-Nay Vote. 54-44. Record Vote No: 105.(text: CR 5/10/1999 S4957-4978)
Source: Floor
12 May 1999
Floor
Held at the desk.
Source: Floor
12 May 1999
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
12 May 1999
Floor
Received in the House.
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Passed
The title of the measure was amended to that of similar measure H.R. 10. Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Passed
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Passed
On passage Passed without objection. (text: CR H5919-5984)
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Passed
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed without objection.(text: CR H5919-5984)
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Passed
The House struck all after the enacting clause and inserted in lieu thereof the provisions of a similar measure H.R. 10. Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Floor
Considered by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR H5919-5984)
Source: Floor
20 July 1999
Floor
Mr. Leach asked unanimous consent to take from the Speaker's table and consider.
Source: Floor
22 July 1999
Passed
Senate disagreed to House amendments requested conference and appointed conferees. Gramm; Shelby; Mack; Bennett; Grams; Allard; Enzi; Hagel; Santorum; Bunning; Crapo; Sarbanes; Dodd; Kerry; Bryan; Johnson; Reed; Schumer; Bayh; Edwards. (consideration: CR S9128-9169; text as Senate disagreed to House amendments: CR S9128-9169)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
22 July 1999
Floor
Message on House action received in Senate and at desk: House amendments to Senate bill.
Source: Floor
26 July 1999
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
30 July 1999
ResolvingDifferences
The Speaker appointed conferees - from the Committee on Banking and Financial Services for consideration of the Senate bill and the House amendment and modifications committed to conference: Leach, McCollum, Roukema, Bereuter, Baker, Lazio, Bachus, Castle, LaFalce, and Vento.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 July 1999
Passed
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 July 1999
Floor
MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES - Mr. LaFalce moves to instruct conferees on the part of the House on the bill S. 900 and the House amendments thereto, to ensure, consistent with the scope of the conference, that: 1. Consumers have the strongest consumer financial privacy protections possible, including protections against the misuse of confidential information and inappropriate marketing practices, and ensuring that consumers receive notice and the right to say "no" when a financial institution wishes to disclose a consumer's nonpublic personal information for use in telemarketing, direct marketing, or other marketing through electronic mail; and
Source: Floor
30 July 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. LaFalce moved that the House instruct conferees.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 July 1999
Passed
On motion that the House insist upon its amendments, and agree to a conference Agreed to without objection. (consideration: CR H6728)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 July 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Leach asked unanimous consent that the House insist upon its amendments, and agree to a conference.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
23 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
23 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
29 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
29 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
30 September 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
14 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
14 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
15 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
15 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
22 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
22 October 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference committee actions: Conference held.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
28 October 1999
Passed
Conferees agreed to file conference report.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
28 October 1999
Passed
Conference committee actions: Conferees agreed to file conference report.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
2 November 1999
Reported
Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 355 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of the conference report to S. 900 with 1 hour of general debate. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions.
Source: Floor
2 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report H. Rept. 106-434 filed. (text of conference report: CR H11255-11292)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
2 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report filed: Conference report H. Rept. 106-434 filed.(text of conference report: CR H11255-11292)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
3 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference papers: Senate report and managers' statement held at the desk in Senate.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
Passed
Motions to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
Vote
Conference report agreed to in House: On agreeing to the conference report Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 362 - 57 (Roll no. 570).(consideration: CR H11526-11551)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
Floor
DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on the conference report on S. 900, the Gramm, Leach, Bliley Act.
Source: Floor
4 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Leach brought up conference report H. Rept. 106-434 for consideration under the provisions of H. Res. 355.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
Passed
Rule H. Res. 355 passed House.
Source: Floor
4 November 1999
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
4 November 1999
Vote
On agreeing to the conference report Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 362 - 57 (Roll no. 570). (consideration: CR H11526-11551)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
Vote
Conference report agreed to in Senate: Senate agreed to conference report by Yea-Nay Vote. 90-8. Record Vote No: 354.(consideration: CR S13871-13881, S13883-13917)
Source: ResolvingDifferences
4 November 1999
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report considered in Senate.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
9 November 1999
Floor
Presented to President.
Source: Floor
9 November 1999
President
Presented to President.
Source: President
12 November 1999
Became law
Became Public Law No: 106-102.
Source: President
12 November 1999
Became law
Signed by President.
Source: BecameLaw
12 November 1999
President
Signed by President.
Source: President
Votes
4 November 1999 · Conference Report Agreed to · On the Conference Report S. 900 · Conference Report Agreed to · Official source
Yes 90 · No 8 · Abstain — · Absent/not voting 1
- Sen. Specter, Arlen [R-PA]Yea
- Sen. Boxer, Barbara [D-CA]Nay
- Sen. Mikulski, Barbara A. [D-MD]Nay
- Sen. Campbell, Ben Nighthorse [R-CO]Yea
Showing the first 4 recorded positions. Vote totals above are complete.
6 May 1999 · Bill Passed · On Passage of the Bill S. 900 · Bill Passed · Official source
Yes 54 · No 44 · Abstain — · Absent/not voting 1
- Sen. Specter, Arlen [R-PA]Yea
- Sen. Boxer, Barbara [D-CA]Nay
- Sen. Mikulski, Barbara A. [D-MD]Nay
- Sen. Campbell, Ben Nighthorse [R-CO]Yea
Showing the first 4 recorded positions. Vote totals above are complete.
Versions
- Enrolled Bill · — · Download file
- Public Law · 12 November 1999 · Download file
- Engrossed Amendment House · 20 July 1999 · Download file
- Engrossed in Senate · 6 May 1999 · Download file
- Placed on Calendar Senate · 28 April 1999 · Download file
Documents
14 official files
Enrolled Bill (text)
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Enrolled Bill (text)
Enrolled Bill · EN
Enrolled Bill (PDF)
Enrolled Bill · EN
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Public Law (text)
Public Law · EN · 12 November 1999
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Public Law (PDF)
Public Law · EN · 12 November 1999
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Conference report filed in House
summary · EN · 2 November 1999
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Engrossed Amendment House (text)
Engrossed Amendment House · EN · 20 July 1999
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Engrossed Amendment House (PDF)
Engrossed Amendment House · EN · 20 July 1999
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Passed House amended
summary · EN · 20 July 1999
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Engrossed in Senate (text)
Engrossed in Senate · EN · 6 May 1999
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Engrossed in Senate (PDF)
Engrossed in Senate · EN · 6 May 1999
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Passed Senate amended
summary · EN · 6 May 1999
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Placed on Calendar Senate (text)
Placed on Calendar Senate · EN · 28 April 1999
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Placed on Calendar Senate (PDF)
Placed on Calendar Senate · EN · 28 April 1999
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Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 28 April 1999
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Sponsors
- Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX] · R · Sponsor
- · hsju00 · Standing
- · ssbk00 · Standing
Related records
- related to → Financial Services Act of 1999
- related to → Waiving points of order against the conference report to accompany the bill (S. 900) to enhance competition in the financial services industry by providing a prudential framework for the affiliation of banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial service providers, and for other purposes.
- amends ← SAMDT 304
- amends ← SAMDT 311
- amends ← To make amendments relating to the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, and for other purposes.
- amends ← In the nature of a substitute.
- amends ← To make an amendment with respect to the Federal deposit insurance funds and unitary savings and loan holding companies.
- amends ← To subject certain hedge funds to the requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940.
- amends ← To ensure bank securities activities are regulated by securities regulators.
- amends ← To require the the obligations of the Financing Corporation to be paid from certain excess funds of the deposit insurance funds and for other purposes.
Showing 10 of 17 related records.
Related across the Repo ecosystem
Direct relationships are identifier-backed. Topic context means shared TopicMembership — not a citation and not causation.
Direct relationships
- Legal framework · Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act · S. 900 (106th) · US
- Identifier matchPROJECTS_FROM
Same us record 106-s-900 projected from PoliticalRepo US row.
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/106th-congress/senate-bill/900
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/106/s/900
- us · 106-s-900 · source updated 7 April 2025