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CELEX 62024CJ0901

Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 16 April 2026.#mBank S.A. v TK and DJ et JJ.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Article 7(1) – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Effects of a term being found to be unfair – Invalidity of the contract – Actions for restitution – Limitation period for the action brought by the seller or supplier – Interruption of the limitation period – Acknowledgement by a consumer of his or her debt owed to a credit institution – Principle of effectiveness – Principle of legal certainty – Principle of proportionality – Right of access to a court – Unjust enrichment.#Case C-901/24.

decidedEuropean Union· Court of Justice of the European Union· EN

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16 April 2026

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16 April 2026 · Decided

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16 April 2026

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Official record CELEX 62024CJ0901 from European Union at Court of Justice of the European Union. Dated 16 April 2026. Status: decided.

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  1. 16 April 2026

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Решение на Съда (девети състав) от 16 април 2026 г.#mBank S.A. срещу TK и DJ et JJ.#Преюдициално запитване, отправено от Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Преюдициално запитване — Защита на потребителите — Директива 93/13/ЕИО — Член 7, параграф 1 — Неравноправни клаузи в потребителските договори — Последици от установяването на неравноправността на клауза — Нищожност на договора — Реституционни искове — Давностен срок за исковете на продавача или доставчика — Прекъсване на давностния срок — Признаване от потребител на дълг към кредитна институция — Принцип на ефективност — Принцип на правна сигурност — Принцип на пропорционалност — Право на достъп до съд — Неоснователно обогатяване.#Дело C-901/24.

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  • Решение на Съда (девети състав) от 16 април 2026 г.#mBank S.A. срещу TK и DJ et JJ.#Преюдициално запитване, отправено от Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Преюдициално запитване — Защита на потребителите — Директива 93/13/ЕИО — Член 7, параграф 1 — Неравноправни клаузи в потребителските договори — Последици от установяването на неравноправността на клауза — Нищожност на договора — Реституционни искове — Давностен срок за исковете на продавача или доставчика — Прекъсване на давностния срок — Признаване от потребител на дълг към кредитна институция — Принцип на ефективност — Принцип на правна сигурност — Принцип на пропорционалност — Право на достъп до съд — Неоснователно обогатяване.#Дело C-901/24.

    judgment · BG · 16 April 2026

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  • Domstolens dom (Niende Afdeling) af 16. april 2026.#mBank S.A. mod TK og DJ et JJ.#Anmodning om præjudiciel afgørelse indgivet af Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Præjudiciel forelæggelse – forbrugerbeskyttelse – direktiv 93/13/EØF – artikel 7, stk. 1 – urimelige kontraktvilkår i forbrugeraftaler – virkningerne af, at et vilkår findes urimeligt – aftalens ugyldighed – søgsmål med påstand om tilbagebetaling – forældelsesfrist for den erhvervsdrivendes søgsmål – afbrydelse af forældelsesfristen – en forbrugers anerkendelse af en gæld til et kreditinstitut – effektivitetsprincippet – retssikkerhedsprincippet – proportionalitetsprincippet – retten til søgsmålsadgang – ugrundet berigelse.#Sag C-901/24.

    judgment · DA · 16 April 2026

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  • Sodba Sodišča (deveti senat) z dne 16. aprila 2026.#mBank S.A. proti TK in drugim.#Predhodno odločanje – Varstvo potrošnikov – Direktiva 93/13/EGS – Člen 7(1) – Nepošteni pogoji v potrošniških pogodbah – Učinki ugotovitve nepoštenosti pogoja – Ničnost pogodbe – Tožbe za vračilo – Zastaralni rok za tožbo prodajalca ali ponudnika – Pretrganje zastaralnega roka – Pripoznava dolga do kreditne institucije s strani potrošnika – Načelo učinkovitosti – Načelo pravne varnosti – Načelo sorazmernosti – Pravica do sodnega varstva – Neupravičena obogatitevׅ.#Zadeva C-901/24.

    judgment · SL · 16 April 2026

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  • Unionin tuomioistuimen tuomio (yhdeksäs jaosto) 16.4.2026.#mBank S.A. vastaan TK ym.#Ennakkoratkaisupyyntö – Kuluttajansuoja – Direktiivi 93/13/ETY – 7 artiklan 1 kohta – Kuluttajasopimusten kohtuuttomat ehdot – Sopimusehdon kohtuuttomaksi toteamisen vaikutukset – Sopimuksen pätemättömyys – Palauttamiskanteet – Elinkeinonharjoittajan kanteen vanhentumisaika – Vanhentumisen katkeaminen – Kuluttajan luottolaitokselle olevan velan tunnustaminen – Tehokkuusperiaate – Oikeusvarmuuden periaate – Suhteellisuusperiaate – Oikeus saada asiansa käsitellyksi tuomioistuimessa – Perusteeton etu.#Asia C-901/24.

    judgment · FI · 16 April 2026

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  • Sentenza della Corte (Nona Sezione) del 16 aprile 2026.#mBank S.A. contro TK e a.#Rinvio pregiudiziale – Tutela dei consumatori – Direttiva 93/13/CEE – Articolo 7, paragrafo 1 – Clausole abusive nei contratti stipulati con i consumatori – Effetti della constatazione del carattere abusivo di una clausola – Nullità del contratto – Azioni di restituzione – Termine di prescrizione dell’azione del professionista – Interruzione del termine di prescrizione – Riconoscimento da parte di un consumatore di un debito nei confronti di un istituto di credito – Principio di effettività – Principio della certezza del diritto – Principio di proporzionalità – Diritto di accesso a un giudice – Arricchimento senza causa.#Causa C-901/24.

    judgment · IT · 16 April 2026

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  • Rozsudek Soudního dvora (devátého senátu) ze dne 16. dubna 2026.#mBank S.A. v. TK a DJ et JJ.#Žádost o rozhodnutí o předběžné otázce podaná Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Řízení o předběžné otázce – Ochrana spotřebitele – Směrnice 93/13/EHS – Článek 7 odst. 1 – Zneužívající ujednání ve spotřebitelských smlouvách – Účinky konstatování zneužívající povahy ujednání – Neplatnost smlouvy – Nároky na vrácení – Promlčecí lhůta pro uplatnění nároku prodávajícího nebo poskytovatele – Přerušení promlčecí lhůty – Uznání dluhu vůči úvěrové instituci spotřebitelem – Zásada efektivity – Zásada právní jistoty – Zásada proporcionality – Právo na přístup k soudu – Bezdůvodné obohacení.#Věc C-901/24.

    judgment · CS · 16 April 2026

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  • Presuda Suda (deveto vijeće) od 16. travnja 2026.#mBank S.A. protiv TK i dr.#Zahtjev za prethodnu odluku koji je uputio Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Zahtjev za prethodnu odluku – Zaštita potrošača – Direktiva 93/13/EEZ – Članak 7. stavak 1. – Nepoštene odredbe u potrošačkim ugovorima – Učinci utvrđenja nepoštenosti odredbe – Ništavost ugovora – Tužbe za povrat – Rok zastare za tužbu prodavatelja robe ili pružatelja usluga – Prekid roka zastare – Potrošačevo priznanje duga prema kreditnoj instituciji – Načelo djelotvornosti – Načelo pravne sigurnosti – Načelo proporcionalnosti – Pravo na pristup sudu – Stjecanje bez osnove.#Predmet C-901/24.

    judgment · HR · 16 April 2026

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  • Απόφαση του Δικαστηρίου (ένατο τμήμα) της 16ης Απριλίου 2026.#mBank S.A. κατά TK κ.λπ.#Προδικαστική παραπομπή – Προστασία των καταναλωτών – Οδηγία 93/13/ΕΟΚ – Άρθρο 7, παράγραφος 1 – Καταχρηστικές ρήτρες στις συμβάσεις που συνάπτονται με καταναλωτές – Αποτελέσματα της διαπίστωσης του καταχρηστικού χαρακτήρα μιας ρήτρας – Ακυρότητα της σύμβασης – Αξιώσεις προς επιστροφή της εκπληρωθείσας παροχής – Προθεσμία παραγραφής της αξίωσης του επαγγελματία – Διακοπή της προθεσμίας παραγραφής – Αναγνώριση από τον καταναλωτή οφειλής προς το πιστωτικό ίδρυμα – Αρχή της αποτελεσματικότητας – Αρχής της ασφάλειας δικαίου – Αρχή της αναλογικότητας – Δικαίωμα προσφυγής σε δικαστήριο – Αδικαιολόγητος πλουτισμός.#Υπόθεση C-901/24.

    judgment · EL · 16 April 2026

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  • Sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia (Sala Novena) de 16 de abril de 2026.#mBank S.A. contra TK y otros.#Petición de decisión prejudicial planteada por el Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Procedimiento prejudicial — Protección de los consumidores — Directiva 93/13/CEE — Artículo 7, apartado 1 — Cláusulas abusivas en los contratos celebrados con consumidores — Efectos de la declaración del carácter abusivo de una cláusula — Nulidad del contrato — Acciones de devolución — Plazo de prescripción de la acción del profesional — Interrupción del plazo de prescripción — Reconocimiento por un consumidor de una deuda con una entidad de crédito — Principio de efectividad — Principio de seguridad jurídica — Principio de proporcionalidad — Derecho de acceso a los tribunales — Enriquecimiento sin causa.#Asunto C-901/24.

    judgment · ES · 16 April 2026

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  • Euroopa Kohtu otsus (üheksas koda), 16.4.2026.#mBank S.A. versus TK ja DJ et JJ.#Eelotsusetaotlus, mille on esitanud Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Eelotsusetaotlus – Tarbijakaitse – Direktiiv 93/13/EMÜ – Artikli 7 lõige 1 – Ebaõiglased tingimused tarbijalepingutes – Ebaõiglase lepingutingimuse tuvastamise tagajärjed – Lepingu tühisus – Tagasinõudehagid – Müüja või teenuseosutaja hagi aegumistähtaeg – Aegumistähtaja katkemine – Tarbija poolt oma võla kinnitamine krediidiasutuse ees – Tõhususe põhimõte – Õiguskindluse põhimõte – Proportsionaalsuse põhimõte – Kohtusse pöördumise õigus – Alusetu rikastumine.#Kohtuasi C-901/24.

    judgment · ET · 16 April 2026

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  • Urteil des Gerichtshofs (Neunte Kammer) vom 16. April 2026.#mBank S.A. gegen TK und DJ et JJ.#Vorabentscheidungsersuchen der Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Vorlage zur Vorabentscheidung – Verbraucherschutz – Richtlinie 93/13/EWG – Art. 7 Abs. 1 – Missbräuchliche Klauseln in Verbraucherverträgen – Folgen der Feststellung der Missbräuchlichkeit einer Klausel – Nichtigkeit des Vertrags – Rückerstattungsansprüche – Verjährungsfrist für den Anspruch des Gewerbetreibenden – Unterbrechung der Verjährung – Anerkenntnis einer Schuld durch einen Verbraucher gegenüber einem Kreditinstitut – Effektivitätsgrundsatz – Grundsatz der Rechtssicherheit – Grundsatz der Verhältnismäßigkeit – Recht auf Zugang zu einem Gericht – Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung.#Rechtssache C-901/24.

    judgment · DE · 16 April 2026

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  • Tiesas spriedums (devītā palāta), 2026. gada 16. aprīlis.#mBank S.A. pret TK u.c.#Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie lūgums sniegt prejudiciālu nolēmumu.#Lūgums sniegt prejudiciālu nolēmumu – Patērētāju aizsardzība – Direktīva 93/13/EEK – 7. panta 1. punkts – Negodīgi noteikumi patērētāju līgumos – Noteikuma negodīguma konstatēšanas sekas – Līguma spēkā neesība – Restitūcijas prasības – Pārdevēja vai piegādātāja prasības noilguma termiņš – Noilguma termiņa pārtraukšana – Patērētāja veikta parāda pret kredītiestādi atzīšana – Efektivitātes princips – Tiesiskās drošības princips – Samērīguma princips – Tiesības uz piekļuvi tiesai – Nepamatota iedzīvošanās.#Lieta C-901/24.

    judgment · LV · 16 April 2026

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  • Acórdão do Tribunal de Justiça (Nona Secção) de 16 de abril de 2026.#mBank S.A. contra TK e DJ et JJ.#Pedido de decisão prejudicial apresentada por Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Reenvio prejudicial — Proteção dos consumidores — Diretiva 93/13/CEE — Artigo 7.o, n.o 1 — Cláusulas abusivas nos contratos celebrados com os consumidores — Efeitos da declaração do caráter abusivo de uma cláusula — Nulidade do contrato — Ações de restituição — Prazo de prescrição da ação do profissional — Interrupção do prazo de prescrição — Reconhecimento de uma dívida para com uma instituição de crédito por um consumidor — Princípio da efetividade — Princípio da segurança jurídica — Princípio da proporcionalidade — Direito de acesso a um tribunal — Enriquecimento sem causa.#Processo C-901/24.

    judgment · PT · 16 April 2026

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  • Sentenza tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (Id-Disa’ Awla) tas-16 ta’ April 2026.#mBank S.A. vs TK u DJ et JJ.#Talba għal deċiżjoni preliminari imressqa minn Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Rinviju għal deċiżjoni preliminari – Protezzjoni tal-konsumaturi – Direttiva 93/13/KEE – Artikolu 7(1) – Klawżoli inġusti fil-kuntratti konklużi mal-konsumaturi – Effetti tal-konstatazzjoni tan-natura inġusta ta’ klawżola – Nullità tal-kuntratt – Azzjonijiet għal restituzzjoni – Terminu ta’ preskrizzjoni tal-azzjoni tal-professjonist – Interruzzjoni tat-terminu ta’ preskrizzjoni – Rikonoxximent minn konsumatur ta’ dejn fil-konfront ta’ istituzzjoni ta’ kreditu – Prinċipju ta’ effettività – Prinċipju ta’ ċertezza legali – Prinċipju ta’ proporzjonalità – Dritt ta’ aċċess għal qorti – Arrikkiment indebitu.#Kawża C-901/24.

    judgment · MT · 16 April 2026

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  • A Bíróság ítélete (kilencedik tanács), 2026. április 16.#mBank S.A. kontra TK és DJ et JJ.#Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie által benyújtott Előzetes döntéshozatal iránti kérelem.#Előzetes döntéshozatal – Fogyasztóvédelem – 93/13/EGK irányelv – A 7. cikk (1) bekezdése – A fogyasztókkal kötött szerződésekben alkalmazott tisztességtelen feltételek – Valamely feltétel tisztességtelen jellege megállapításának joghatásai – A szerződés semmissége – Visszatérítés iránti keresetek – Az eladó vagy szolgáltató keresetének elévülési ideje – Az elévülési idő megszakítása – A hitelintézettel szemben fennálló tartozás fogyasztó általi elismerése – A tényleges érvényesülés elve – A jogbiztonság elve – Az arányosság elve – A bírósághoz fordulás joga – Jogalap nélküli gazdagodás.#C-901/24. sz. ügy.

    judgment · HU · 16 April 2026

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  • 2026 m. balandžio 16 d. Teisingumo Teismo (devintoji kolegija) sprendimas.#mBank S.A. prieš TK ir kt.#Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie prašymas priimti prejudicinį sprendimą.#Prašymas priimti prejudicinį sprendimą – Vartotojų apsauga – Direktyva 93/13/EEB – 7 straipsnio 1 dalis – Nesąžiningos sąlygos sutartyse su vartotojais – Sąlygos pripažinimo nesąžininga pasekmės – Sutarties negaliojimas – Ieškiniai dėl restitucijos – Verslininko ieškiniui nustatytas senaties terminas – Senaties termino nutraukimas – Vartotojo pripažinimas skolos kredito įstaigai – Veiksmingumo principas – Teisinio saugumo principas – Proporcingumo principas – Teisė kreiptis į teismą – Nepagrįstas praturtėjimas.#Byla C-901/24.

    judgment · LT · 16 April 2026

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  • Arrest van het Hof (Negende kamer) van 16 april 2026.#mBank S.A. tegen TK e.a.#Prejudiciële verwijzing – Bescherming van de consument – Richtlijn 93/13/EEG – Artikel 7, lid 1 – Oneerlijke bedingen in consumentenovereenkomsten – Gevolgen van de vaststelling dat een beding oneerlijk is – Nietigheid van de overeenkomst – Vorderingen tot terugbetaling – Verjaringstermijn voor de vordering van de verkoper – Stuiting van de verjaringstermijn – Erkenning door een consument van een schuld jegens een kredietinstelling – Doeltreffendheidsbeginsel – Rechtzekerheidsbeginsel – Evenredigheidsbeginsel – Recht op toegang tot de rechter – Ongerechtvaardigde verrijking.#Zaak C-901/24.

    judgment · NL · 16 April 2026

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  • Rozsudok Súdneho dvora (deviata komora) zo 16. apríla 2026.#mBank S.A. proti TK a i.#Návrh na začatie prejudiciálneho konania – Ochrana spotrebiteľa – Smernica 93/13/EHS – Článok 7 ods. 1 – Nekalé podmienky v spotrebiteľských zmluvách – Účinky konštatovania nekalej povahy zmluvnej podmienky – Neplatnosť zmluvy – Žaloby o vrátenie plnenia – Premlčacia lehota týkajúca sa žaloby zo strany predajcu alebo dodávateľa – Prerušenie plynutia premlčacej lehoty – Uznanie dlhu voči úverovej inštitúcii zo strany spotrebiteľa – Zásada efektivity – Zásada právnej istoty – Zásada proporcionality – Právo na prístup k súdu – Bezdôvodné obohatenie.#Vec C-901/24.

    judgment · SK · 16 April 2026

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  • Hotărârea Curții (Camera a noua) din 16 aprilie 2026.#mBank S.A. împotriva TK și DJ et JJ.#Cererea de decizie preliminară formulată de Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Trimitere preliminară – Protecția consumatorilor – Directiva 93/13/CEE – Articolul 7 alineatul (1) – Clauze abuzive în contractele încheiate cu consumatorii – Efectele constatării caracterului abuziv al unei clauze – Nulitatea contractului – Acțiuni în restituire – Termenul de prescripție a acțiunii profesionistului – Întreruperea termenului de prescripție – Recunoașterea de către un consumator a unei datorii față de o instituție de credit – Principiul efectivității – Principiul securității juridice – Principiul proporționalității – Dreptul de acces la o instanță – Îmbogățire fără justă cauză.#Cauza C-901/24.

    judgment · RO · 16 April 2026

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  • Domstolens dom (nionde avdelningen) av den 16 april 2026.#mBank S.A. mot TK och DJ et JJ.#Begäran om förhandsavgörande från Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Begäran om förhandsavgörande – Konsumentskydd – Direktiv 93/13/EEG – Artikel 7.1 – Oskäliga villkor i konsumentavtal – Verkan av att ett avtalsvillkor anses oskäligt – Avtalet är ogiltigt – Talan om återbetalning – Preskriptionstiden för näringsidkarens fordran – Avbrytande av preskriptionstiden – Konsumentens erkännande av en skuld till ett kreditinstitut – Effektivitetsprincipen – Rättssäkerhetsprincipen – Proportionalitetsprincipen – Rätten att få sin sak prövad i domstol – Obehörig vinst.#Mål C-901/24.

    judgment · SV · 16 April 2026

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  • Wyrok Trybunału (dziewiąta izba) z dnia 16 kwietnia 2026 r.#mBank S.A. przeciwko TK i DJ oraz JJ.#Wniosek o wydanie orzeczenia w trybie prejudycjalnym złożony przez Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Odesłanie prejudycjalne – Ochrona konsumentów – Dyrektywa 93/13/EWG – Artykuł 7 ust. 1 – Nieuczciwe warunki w umowach konsumenckich – Skutki stwierdzenia nieuczciwego charakteru warunku – Nieważność umowy – Roszczenia restytucyjne – Termin przedawnienia roszczenia przedsiębiorcy – Przerwanie biegu terminu przedawnienia – Uznanie przez konsumenta długu wobec instytucji kredytowej – Zasada skuteczności – Zasada pewności prawa – Zasada proporcjonalności – Prawo do sądu – Bezpodstawne wzbogacenie.#Sprawa C-901/24.

    judgment · PL · 16 April 2026

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  • Arrêt de la Cour (neuvième chambre) du 16 avril 2026.#mBank S.A. contre TK et DJ et JJ.#Demande de décision préjudicielle, introduite par Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Renvoi préjudiciel – Protection des consommateurs – Directive 93/13/CEE – Article 7, paragraphe 1 – Clauses abusives dans les contrats conclus avec les consommateurs – Effets de la constatation du caractère abusif d’une clause – Nullité du contrat – Actions en restitution – Délai de prescription de l’action du professionnel – Interruption du délai de prescription – Reconnaissance par un consommateur d’une dette envers un établissement de crédit – Principe d’effectivité – Principe de sécurité juridique – Principe de proportionnalité – Droit d’accès à un tribunal – Enrichissement sans cause.#Affaire C-901/24.

    judgment · FR · 16 April 2026

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  • Breithiúnas na Cúirte (An Naoú Dlísheomra) 2026 Aibreán 16.#mBank S.A. v TK agus DJ et JJ.#Tarchur chun réamhrialú – Cosaint tomhaltóirí – Treoir 93/13/CEE – Airteagal 7(1) – Téarmaí éagóracha i gconarthaí tomhaltóra – Éifeachtaí an dearbhaithe go bhfuil téarma éagórach – Neamhbhailíocht an chonartha – Caingean le haghaidh aiseag – Tréimhse theorann le haghaidh caingne arna dtionscnamh ag díoltóir nó ag soláthróir – Briseadh na tréimhse teorann – Aitheantas ag tomhaltóir d’fhiach atá dlite d’institiúid creidmheasa – Prionsabal na héifeachtachta – Prionsabal na deimhneachta dlíthiúla – Prionsabal na comhréireachta – Ceart chun rochtain a fháil ar chúirt – Saibhriú éagórach.#Cás C-901/24.

    judgment · GA · 16 April 2026

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  • Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 16 April 2026.#mBank S.A. v TK and DJ et JJ.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Directive 93/13/EEC – Article 7(1) – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Effects of a term being found to be unfair – Invalidity of the contract – Actions for restitution – Limitation period for the action brought by the seller or supplier – Interruption of the limitation period – Acknowledgement by a consumer of his or her debt owed to a credit institution – Principle of effectiveness – Principle of legal certainty – Principle of proportionality – Right of access to a court – Unjust enrichment.#Case C-901/24.

    judgment · EN · 16 April 2026

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