United States · United States Congress · 16 March 1987
Highway Research and Development Act of 1987 - Directs the Secretary of Transportation to implement: (1) a study of asphaltic materials to determine their relationship to the durability and effectiveness of pavement surfaces; (2) a study to determine the long-term performance of various pavement surfaces under various load and environmental conditions; (3) a research project to develop improved procedures for administering and controlling highway maintenance programs; (4) a research project to determine new methods to reduce deterioration of existing chloride-contaminated bridge decks; (5) a research project to determine methods of improving the quality and durability of concrete; (6) a research project to determine methods of reducing the use of salt in snow and ice control on highways; and (7) the use of specified advanced materials in highway structural applications. Requires the Secretary to report annually to the Congress on such studies and research. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990.
United States · United States Congress · 16 March 1987
Amends the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 and Federal law relating to the Department of Defense to set forth requirements relating to scientific and technical information used in contract performance. Requires the contractor to: (1) demonstrate that an exhaustive review has been conducted of such information; and (2) submit such information in an electronic data processing form as prescribed by the head of an agency. Prohibits an agency from paying contractors for indexing, cataloging, or otherwise organizing the information.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
School-based Adolescent Health Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to establish a new title XXIII (School-based Adolescent Health Services Demonstration Projects). Authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services to make grants to establish school-based adolescent health demonstration projects to provide health education, prenatal care, family planning, follow-up care, testing for sexually-transmitted diseases, and other health services. Requires grant recipients to provide health care services: (1) on a year-round basis; and (2) within (or adjacent to) schools located in the project area (or at a location that better serves the needs of the adolescents). Sets forth conditions, eligibility criteria, and reporting requirements applicable to grant funds. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Small Business Preservation Act of 1987 - Amends the Small Business Act to require any procurement requirement which is not suitable for the award of Government contracts to small businesses to be set aside for exclusive competition among small businesses if the Government procurement officer has a reasonable expectation that offers will be obtained from at least two responsible small businesses that offer products of different small business concerns and that such awards will be made at reasonable prices.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Hidden Budget Accountability Act - Directs the President to submit with the annual Federal budget transmitted to the Congress a presentation of the estimated budget outlays and requested budget authority, by agency and function, for programs that are included in the budget in a manner designed to conceal their existence and scope. Requires the first budget submitted after enactment of this Act to set forth: (1) estimated budget outlays and requested budget authority for such programs included in the budget for each of the five previous years; and (2) the actual amounts appropriated by agency and function for such programs for each of such years.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Authorizes the President to issue a posthumous commission of brigadier general to Lieutenant Colonel Charles E. Young, U.S. Army, a black graduate of West Point in 1889.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Prohibits any investments in South Africa by U.S. persons. Prohibits the importation into the United States of any article from South Africa, except for strategic minerals which the President certifies to the Congress are essential for military uses, are not sufficiently available from domestic supplies, and for which no substitutes are available. Prohibits the exportation to South Africa of any goods, technology, or other information subject to U.S. jurisdiction. Prohibits any such exportation by any person subject to U.S. jurisdiction. Exempts from such prohibition certain medical supplies and food. Directs the Secretary of Transportation to prohibit the takeoff and landing of any aircraft except for emergencies by a foreign air carrier owned by South Africa or South African nationals. Prohibits the importation into the United States of any South African gold coin. Prohibits any U.S. depository institution from accepting, receiving, or holding a deposit account from South Africa. Prohibits the United States from engaging in any military or intelligence activities in cooperation with South Africa. Authorizes the President to limit imports into the United States from a foreign country to the extent that such foreign country benefits from, or takes commercial advantage of, any prohibition imposed by this Act. Provides for the enforcement of this Act. Repeals the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 and the amendments made by that Act to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the corporate, legal, labor, and academic communities should pursue establishment of an organization to provide pro bono legal assistance to small businesses in cases involving foreign unfair trade practices. Urges such organization to: (1) develop an outreach program to inform businesses of remedies available under U.S. trade laws; and (2) provide pro bono legal assistance to those businesses lacking resources to seek such remedies.
United States · United States Congress · 12 March 1987
Declares that the Congress: (1) extends its appreciation to President Virgillo Barco and the Colombian people for their courage in apprehending Carlos Lehder and extraditing him to the United States; (2) commends President Barco for his courage; (3) urges the Colombian Government to continue its efforts to extinguish the illicit production and trafficking of drugs in that nation; and (4) reaffirms its intention to work with the Colombian Government in combating drug trafficking and drug abuse in both countries.
United States · United States Congress · 11 March 1987
Cancer Patients' Employment Rights Act - Makes it an unlawful employment practice for an employer, because of an individual's cancer history, to: (1) fail or refuse to hire or to discharge the individual, or to otherwise discriminate against the individual with respect to compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment; or (2) limit, segregate, or classify employees or applicants for employment in any way which would tend to deprive an individual of employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect the individual's status as an employee. Makes it an unlawful employment practice for an employment agency to: (1) fail or refuse to refer for employment, or otherwise discriminate against, an individual because of the individual's cancer history; or (2) classify or refer for employment an individual on the basis of the individual's cancer history. Makes it an unlawful employment practice for a labor organization to: (1) exclude or to expel from its membership, or otherwise discriminate against, an individual because of the individual's cancer history; (2) limit, segregate, or classify its membership, or to classify or fail or refuse to refer an individual for employment because of the individual's cancer history; or (3) cause or attempt to cause an employer to discriminate against an individual. Makes it an unlawful employment practice for an employer, labor organization, or joint labor-management committee controlling an apprenticeship, training, or retraining program to discriminate against an individual because of the individual's cancer history in admission to, or employment in, such programs. Declares that it is not an unlawful employment practice to hire individuals on the basis of their cancer history in cases where cancer history is a bona fide occupational qualification. Declares it to be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to give and to act upon the results of a professionally developed ability test if such test is designed or used to discriminate because of cancer history. Provides that nothing in this Act shall be interpreted to require an employer, employment agency, labor organization, or joint labor-management committee to grant preferential treatment to an individual or group because of the individual's or group's cancer history for the purpose of certain numerical comparisons. Describes other unlawful employment practices with respect to individuals with a cancer history, including: (1) retaliation; (2) published job notices; (3) medical examinations and medical information; and (4) reasonable accommodations for such individuals. Requires all personnel actions in the following government entities to be made free from discrimination based on cancer history: (1) military departments; (2) executive agencies; (3) the United States Postal Service and Postal Rate Commission; (4) units of the District of Columbia government having positions in the competitive service; and (5) units of the judicial branch having positions in the competitive service. Empowers the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to enforce this Act and to make investigations and require recordkeeping as appropriate.
United States · United States Congress · 11 March 1987
Democracy in Chile Act of 1987 - Declares that it is U.S. policy to: (1) encourage the peaceful return to democracy in Chile; (2) condemn continued acts of brutality by the Chilean Government as well as the assassination attempt against General Pinochet; (3) call for the adoption of a timetable for the transition to democracy and civilian rule; and (4) support efforts to establish the framework for such transition. Imposes the following sanctions against Chile beginning 30 days after enactment of this Act: (1) U.S. opposition to multilateral development bank loans or other assistance for Chile unless the assistance is directed specifically to programs which serve the basic human needs of the citizens of Chile; (2) denial of benefits to Chile under the Generalized System of Preferences and prohibition of duty-free treatment of imports from Chile; (3) denial of Overseas Private Investment Corporation loans or investment guarantees for Chile; (4) prohibition of imports of copper from Chile; and (5) termination of the United States-Chile air transportation agreement. Provides that such sanctions shall not apply if: (1) the President certifies to the Congress that Chile has made significant progress in complying with internationally recognized human rights and in restoring labor rights, has made significant progress in establishing a free multi-party electoral process, has ended the practice of forced exile and restrictions on the right of Chilean nationals to enter and leave their country, and has taken appropriate steps to investigate the deaths of Rodrigo Rojas de Negri, Orlando Letelier, and Ronni Moffitt; and (2) the Congress, within 30 days of receiving such certification, enacts a joint resolution approving such certification. Provides for expedited congressional consideration of such joint resolution.
United States · United States Congress · 11 March 1987
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to disallow an income tax deduction for any tobacco and tobacco product sale promotion expenses. Defines "tobacco and tobacco products" as any small cigarette, large cigarette, cigar, or smokeless tobacco product, including snuff and chewing tobacco.
United States · United States Congress · 11 March 1987
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a tax deduction for interest on refinanced indebtedness secured by a qualified residence, when the indebtedness was incurred and secured on or before August 16, 1986, but such refinancing occurred after August 16, 1986. Requires that the principal amount after refinancing not exceed the principal amount before refinancing (even though the latter, when originally incurred, exceeded the cost basis for the residence plus improvements).
United States · United States Congress · 10 March 1987
Tongass Timber Reform Act - Amends the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act to repeal the ongoing appropriations for timber utilization in the Tongass National Forest, Alaska. Repeals the requirement for identifying lands unsuitable for timber production in such forest. Repeals the reporting requirement on the adequacy of timber supply from such forest lands. Requires the biennial report on such Forest to include the impact of timber management on subsistence resources, wildlife, and fisheries habitats.
United States · United States Congress · 10 March 1987
Commemorates the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 as one of the fundamental legal documents of the United States. Authorizes and requests the President to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe the bicentennial of the Northwest Ordinance.
United States · United States Congress · 10 March 1987
Prohibits the United States from carrying out a test of the Space Defense System (antisatellite weapon) involving the miniature homing vehicle against an object in space until the President certifies to the Congress that the Soviet Union has conducted, after enactment of this Act, a test against an object in space of a dedicated antisatellite weapon. Provides that such prohibition expires on October 1, 1988. Declares that the President should seek with the Soviet Union a mutual and verifiable treaty which limits the testing, deployment, and use of any antisatellite weapon.
United States · United States Congress · 10 March 1987
Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the Secretary of Health and Human Services should prepare public service announcements regarding acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); and (2) the commercial television networks and local television stations should accept for broadcast during selected adult programming such public service announcements and commercial advertisements concerning the use of condoms to prevent infection by the virus that causes AIDS.
United States · United States Congress · 9 March 1987
National Service Act - Directs the President to establish a program of voluntary national service under which participants provide civilian or military service and become eligible for educational assistance upon completion of such service. Requires the President to designate an agency to be responsible for administering this Act. Requires participants in the national service program to be at least 17 and not more than 26 years of age. Authorizes the waiver of maximum age requirements to allow for individual circumstances. Entitles participants who complete the national service program to educational assistance benefits in the same manner as veterans. Authorizes the President to adjust the benefit rates as considered appropriate for the purposes of this Act. Declares the benefit rate of participants in the program through civilian service to be 60 percent of the rates otherwise applicable. Provides for the phasing out of existing educational assistance programs after the end of the two-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act. Requires participants who elect to perform civilian service to perform one year of service for which there is a national, regional, or local need, as determined by regulations prescribed by the President. Requires employment of participants, to the maximum extent practicable, to be through entities outside the Federal Government. Requires the Government to reimburse such entities for the costs of pay and benefits. Requires participants who elect to perform military service to enlist in the armed forces for a period of 24 months. Provides that such individuals: (1) shall receive basic pay at 50 percent of the rate otherwise applicable; (2) shall not be eligible for basic quarters and subsistence allowances; and (3) shall not have the length of their service count toward military retirement.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Older American Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Older Americans Act of 1965 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991 for State and community programs on aging which include programs providing nutrition services, supportive services, surplus commodities, or cash payments in lieu of food commodities to older individuals. Requires States to include among such programs a program providing in-home services to frail, older individuals. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991, for: (1) the older American community service employment program; (2) grants to Indian tribes for the provision of supportive and nutritional services to older Indians; and (3) the older Americans personal health education and training program.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Amends specified provisions of Federal law relating to the refinancing of veterans' home loans to remove the requirement that a veteran must actually occupy the home in order to qualify for such refinancing.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Irrigation Subsidy Reform Act of 1987 - Amends the Reclamation Projects Act of 1939 to require the Secretary of the Interior to charge full cost for the delivery of water used in the production of any surplus agricultural commodity.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Amends the National Trails System Act to designate the Kosciuszko Trail, extending from Vermont to South Carolina, for study for inclusion in such System.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Anti-Live Animal Lure Act of 1987 - Amends the Animal Welfare Act to prohibit the sponsoring, exhibiting, or transporting to sponsor or exhibit of an animal or dog in any coursing venture. Defines "coursing" as an activity involving the pursuit by dogs of another animal as a visual lure for training, entertainment, sport, or wagering.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1987
Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the promotion of unrestricted family visits between related people of the United States and the Soviet Union is an essential part of American policy toward the Soviet Union; and (2) the President, the Secretary of State, and other administration members should raise the issue of family visitation at all appropriate opportunities in discussions with leaders of the Communist Party and the Government of the Soviet Union.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Torture Victim Protection Act of 1987 - Amends the United Nations Participation Act of 1945 to impose civil liability on anyone who, under actual or apparent authority of any foreign nation, subjects any person to torture or extrajudicial killing. Grants jurisdiction over such cases to U.S. district courts only after claimants have exhausted all available remedies in the place where the conduct giving rise to the claim occurred.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Military Whistleblowers Protection Act - Amends Federal armed forces provisions relating to communications with a Member of Congress to also prohibit any person from restricting a member of the armed forces in communicating with an Inspector General, except for communications that are prohibited by statute. Prohibits retaliatory personnel actions against a member for making or preparing to make such a communication. Directs the Inspector General of the Department of Defense (or of the Department of Transportation, with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy) to promptly investigate any allegation that a prohibited personnel action has taken place or been threatened with respect to any communication to a Member of Congress or Inspector General complaining or disclosing information reasonably believed to evidence a violation of law, mismanagement, a gross waste of funds, an abuse of authority, or a substantial and specific danger to public health or safety. Requires the Inspector General, within ten days after completing such an investigation, to report the results to the Secretary of Defense. Allows a member, within 30 days after receipt of a copy of such investigative report, to petition the appropriate military board for correction of his or her military record concerning the matter. Entitles members to legal assistance by a judge advocate in any such matter before a military corrections board. Provides administrative procedures for the hearing of such petitions, together with appropriate corrective and disciplinary action to be taken. Provides for judicial review of any order resulting from such hearing, if petitioned for within 60 days after notice of the hearing's result. Provides a statute of limitations for the bringing of any such action by a member of the armed forces.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Consumer Rail Equity Act - Reaffirms the intent of the Congress that the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 and the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 be implemented in a manner which provides both greater competitive alternatives and adequate railroad revenues. Directs the Interstate Commerce Commission, when determining the existence or absence of effective competition, to consider only transportation competition for movement of the same commodity from the same point of origin to the same destination. States that a presumption of overall effective competition is not established by the fact that a railroad faces effective competition with respect to either a point of destination or a point of origin. Shifts the burden of proof regarding transportation rate reasonableness from the shipper to the rail carrier establishing the challenged rate. Declares that it is Federal policy to encourage and promote competitive transportation rates for domestically produced coal and other commodities in order to increase their competitive position in domestic and export markets. Directs the Commission to establish a rail cost adjustment factor which includes changes in railroad productivity, volume, and output mix. Directs the Commission to recompute and republish the Rail Cost Adjustment Factor according to prescribed guidelines. Provides that certain rail carrier rates shall be reduced to the extent of any subsequent decreases in rail cost adjustment factors. Confirms the Commission's authority to promulgate rates set forth in a specified adjudication. Includes within the standards used to determine railroad revenue adequacy: (1) identification of revenues, expenses, and investment base reasonably related to rail transportation service; (2) straight-line depreciation of assets reasonably related to rail transportation service, minus deferred tax reserves resulting from accelerated depreciation; and (3) actual cost of debt capital and reasonable estimates of the current cost of equity capital. Requires the Commission, when making revenue adequacy determinations, to consider specified indicators of a rail carrier's financial status. Requires the Commission to determine, on an annual basis, which rail carriers are earning adequate or inadequate revenues and to determine for each rail carrier the revenues required to achieve or maintain revenue adequacy. Allows (current law requires) the Commission to exempt persons from application of this Act when: (1) such application is not necessary to implement Federal transportation policy; and (2) the Commission finds there is no market dominance involved in the affected transaction. Mandates that the rates and practices application to such exempt persons shall not be considered a matter subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission. Requires any rail carrier providing service under certain line rates to participate in competitive joint rail rates through practicable interchange connections (or publish a competitive proportional rate) if requested to do so by a rail carrier (or shipper or receiver) who has an actual or practicable interchange connection. Directs the Commission, upon petition of any interested party, to require certain terminal facilities owned by a rail carrier in interstate or foreign commerce to be used by another rail carrier if the Commission finds: (1) it is in the public interest to do so; and (2) that the owner of such terminal facility will not suffer substantial impairment of its own business interests. Directs the Commission to require, upon petition by an interested party, that rail carriers enter into reciprocal switching agreements if such an agreement is in the public interest or necessary to provide alternative competitive rail service. Directs the Commission to establish reciprocal switching compensation at a level not to exceed the current percentage of the actual variable costs for such service (unless the carrier demonstrates that a higher level is reasonable and necessary). Revises railroad line abandonment procedures to provide that a rail carrier must wait one year before resubmitting a previously denied abandonment application, unless a substantial change in circumstances can be shown. Requires the Commission to hold hearings in communities affected by a proposed railroad line abandonment if requested to do so by community protestants. Requires the Commission to base its abandonment determination upon financial data regarding the facility proposed to be abandoned rather than upon financial data regarding industry-wide averages. Directs the Commission, when considering any application for a certificate of abandonment or discontinuance, to disregard the impact on traffic volume of any surcharge imposed under specified parts of this Act (unless the surcharge improves the financial performance of the line). Subjects to Commission review any State decision regarding intrastate rates, rules, and practices if a party to such State proceedings petitions for Commission review. Requires the Commission to take action on such petition within 120 days of its receipt. Authorizes the Commission to vacate a State decision found inconsistent with this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a standard deduction of an additional amount for a taxpayer or the spouse of the taxpayer if the taxpayer or spouse is a paraplegic, a quadriplegic, a hemiplegic, an amputee, or a deaf person at the close of the taxpayer's taxable year. Requires the taxpayer to furnish proof of such condition in such form and manner, and at such times, as prescribed by regulations.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Expresses the sense of the Congress that volunteer work should be listed on employment application forms and taken into account by employers when hiring.
United States · United States Congress · 4 March 1987
Declares that the Congress applauds the recent initiative by the heads of state of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras and congratulates them on the significant contribution made by such initiative toward ending armed conflict and reinforcing democracy in Central America. Declares that the Congress supports such initiative and looks forward to the summit meeting in Guatemala as the next phase in this effort of the Central American heads of state to forge a lasting peace in Central America.
United States · United States Congress · 3 March 1987
Covert Action Notification Act of 1987 - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to require the President to make a written finding that a Central Intelligence Agency operation in a foreign country (other than an intelligence gathering operation) is important to the national security and to furnish a copy of that finding, before the start of such operation, to specified members of the Congress and to the Vice President, the Secretaries of State and Defense, and the Director of Central Intelligence. Amends the National Security Act of 1947 to delete the provision that authorizes deferral of notice to the Congress of such intelligence activity.
United States · United States Congress · 3 March 1987
Adult Education Act Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Adult Education Act to authorize the Secretary of Education to make grants to eligible States for adult education programs which teach literacy skills needed in the workplace through partnerships between the business community and educational agencies or schools. Sets forth State eligibility and program requirements. Allows the Secretary to make direct grants to qualified applicants from ineligible States. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1992.
United States · United States Congress · 3 March 1987
Assimilative Crimes Act Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Federal criminal code to provide that the criminal penalty for operating a motor vehicle under the influence of a drug or alcohol in a special maritime or territorial jurisdiction of the United States shall be the punishment provided under the law of that State, territory, possession, or district. States that whoever operates a motor vehicle in such a jurisdiction consents to certain tests if arrested for driving under the influence of a drug or alcohol. States that any person refusing to submit to such tests shall be denied the privilege of operating a motor vehicle for one year.
United States · United States Congress · 2 March 1987
Medicare Diabetic Foot Disease Prevention Act - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide coverage under part B (Supplementary Medical Insurance) of the Medicare program for therapeutic shoes furnished to individuals with severe diabetic foot disease.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1987
Title I: Enforcement of United States Rights Under Trade Agreements and Response to Certain Foreign Trade Practices - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require presidential action if the President or the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) determines that U.S. rights under any trade agreement are being denied or a foreign country's act, policy, or practice: (1) is inconsistent with, or denies benefits to the United States under, any trade agreement; or (2) is unjustifiable and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce. Requires the President, unless the contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) make a specified finding or the President makes a specified finding, to: (1) suspend or remove certain benefits of the trade agreement, impose restrictions on the foreign country involved, or withdraw benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences; or (2) restrict imports of services; or (3) both (1) and (2); and (4) take all other appropriate and feasible actions to enforce such rights or end such act, policy, or practice. Requires such action to be devised to affect goods or services of the foreign country involved in an amount equivalent to the amount that such country restricts U.S. commerce. Requires the President to apply such action, without modification, against a foreign country that has been designated as an excessive surplus country. Requires the President to take all appropriate actions to eliminate, and/or to offset the effects of, export targeting if: (1) the USTR determines that a foreign country practices export targeting; and (2) the International Trade Commission (ITC) determines that imports of targeted merchandise are injuring a U.S. industry. Requires the President to report to the Congress on each action taken or the reasons no action was taken to: (1) enforce U.S. rights or eliminate unfair trade acts, policies, or practices; or (2) eliminate or offset the export targeting policy or practice. Requires the President to take all appropriate and feasible action to eliminate a foreign country's act, policy, or practice which is unreasonable or discriminatory and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce. Requires the President, before taking any such action to restrict imports, to consider the likely impact that such action will have on U.S. agricultural exports. Requires the President, within 30 days of receiving the USTR's recommendation to take action to enforce U.S. trade rights, to determine what action to take and to implement such action. Authorizes the President to delay such determination and implementation for up to 90 days if: (1) either the petitioner or the industry that would benefit from such action requests the delay; or (2) the President determines that substantial progress towards a solution is being made. Defines "export targeting" as any government plan consisting of a combination of actions that are bestowed on a specific enterprise or group of enterprises which improves the competitiveness of exports by such enterprise or group. Requires the USTR, not later than March 31 of the calendar year following a U.S. global deficit year, to determine if a foreign country was an excessive surplus country during that calendar year. Sets forth specified circumstances under which the USTR must terminate such determination. Defines "excessive surplus country" to mean a foreign country that, during a U.S. global deficit year, had: (1) a surplus of trade in goods and services with the United States in which the aggregate value accounts for not less than 20 percent of the U.S. global deficit for such year; and (2) a surplus of trade in goods and services worldwide in which the aggregate value exceeds an amount equal to two percent of the gross national product of that country for such year. Defines "United States global deficit year" as any calendar year after 1985 in which the United States had a deficit in trade in goods and services in which the aggregate value equals or exceeds two percent of the U.S. gross national product for that year. Expresses the sense of the Congress that substantial implementation by Japan of economic reforms contained in the "Maekawa Report" is a sufficient basis for an affirmative determination by the USTR for presidential relief under the Act. Requires the USTR to notify the ITC of investigations involving alleged export targeting. Terminates the investigation if the USTR determines no export targeting exists or the ITC determines that imports of the targeted merchandise caused no material injury to a U.S. industry or to the establishment of a U.S. industry. Sets forth the timetable for making such determinations. Defines "material injury" and sets the standard for determining whether a material injury has been incurred. Provides for remedies under the countervailing and antidumping provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930, if appropriate. Provides for the presentation of views by interested persons concerning actions to enforce U.S. trade rights. Requires the USTR to direct certain inquiries to the foreign countries involved in an investigation of unfair trade practices. Authorizes the USTR to request the foreign countries to provide documentation or permit verification of its information. Authorizes the USTR to disregard such information and instead use the best information available if the information provided by the foreign country is not timely, is incomplete, or is insufficiently verified. Requires the USTR to consult with the petitioner before delaying consultations with a foreign country in cases involving enforcement of U.S. trade rights. Requires the USTR to give at least 30 days' notice for the presentation of views by interested persons in such cases before making recommendations to the President on enforcement actions. Requires the USTR to consult with business and labor representatives of the affected industry and with other interested persons on the nature of the appropriate remedial action in cases involving export targeting. Requires the USTR to consult with interested persons within 90 days of identification of a foreign country's market access barrier that has a significant adverse impact on U.S. exports if such barrier is likely to be an abridgement of U.S. rights under a trade agreement, is by a country that is designated as an excessive surplus country and is considered by the USTR as being a practice that is unreasonable and restricts U.S. commerce, and is not otherwise the subject of an investigation. Requires the USTR, subject to certain consultation requirements, to: (1) determine whether U.S. rights under a trade agreement are being denied or an unfair trade act, policy, or practice exists; and (2) recommend to the President what action to take if the determination under (1) is affirmative, and, in cases involving export targeting, the ITC found that injury, the threat of injury, or industry retardation exists. Changes the timetable for the USTR to determine whether action is required and to make recommendations to the President to: (1) 30 days after conclusion of dispute settlements or nine months after initiation of the investigation whichever occurs first, if a trade agreement other than the Subsidies Agreement is involved; or (2) nine months (11 months in export targeting cases) in any other case. Retains the current timetable for cases involving export subsidies, domestic subsidies, and combinations of export and domestic subsidies. Authorizes the President to modify or terminate an action taken to enforce U.S. trade rights if: (1) the contracting parties to the GATT make specified findings; or (2) the President determines that the foreign act, policy, or practice has been eliminated or is being phased out or that the action is not effective or that its continuation is not in the national economic interest. Requires the USTR to review and assess biennially the results of actions taken to enforce U.S. rights. Provides for publication of, and notification of the Congress of, any modification or termination. Requires the USTR to submit the annual national trade estimates to the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Requires such estimates to include, beginning on October 30, 1986, an identification of those acts, policies, and practices included in the analysis that had significant adverse impact on U.S. exports, and likely are unjustifiable or inconsistent with, or otherwise deny benefits to the United States under, any trade agreement. Title II: Relief From Injury Caused by Import Competition - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the USTR to establish an industry competitiveness and adjustment team for an industry any time the ITC commences an import relief investigation that is based upon a petition filed by specified entities which represent a significant portion of those entities in the affected domestic industry. Requires the team to prepare a competitiveness and adjustment strategy that: (1) assesses the appropriate level of output and productive capacity for the domestic industry if it is to operate viably after the expiration of any import relief provided under the Act; (2) specifies the objectives of the industry regarding the extent of investment or restructuring that must occur for the industry to operate viably after the expiration of such relief; (3) assesses the extent of worker and community dislocation and the need for adjustment assistance for such workers and communities that are affected by injurious imports; and (4) outlines the actions that should have been taken by management and labor and Federal, State, and local agencies to remedy such dislocation. Directs the team coordinator to submit such strategy to the ITC on the day after the ITC makes an affirmative determination. Directs the USTR, after receiving a report from the ITC containing an affirmative finding of injury, or threat thereof, to an industry, to determine whether to: (1) provide the import relief determined by the ITC; or (2) deny such relief. Establishes in the Treasury the Industry Competitiveness and Adjustment Fund. Establishes a subaccount for an affected industry in cases where import relief is provided under the Act. Appropriates to each subaccount an amount equal to the revenues collected as a result of the import relief provided to an industry. Directs the USTR (currently the President) to submit to the Congress a report setting forth reasons for the determination to provide or deny import relief to an industry. Provides that the import relief provided by the ITC shall take effect upon the adoption and enactment of a resolution by the Congress in cases where the USTR has made a determination as to import relief for an industry. Repeals a provision of the Act relating to the maximum import relief that can be provided. Directs a review committee consisting of the team coordinator, the Secretary of Labor, and such other heads of agencies as may be designated to: (1) monitor actions taken by petitioners to achieve the objectives specified in the competitiveness and adjustment strategy; (2) make recommendations for administrative action to achieve such objectives; and (3) submit such recommendations to the Congress if import relief is provided to an industry. Adds factors to be considered by the ITC when making determinations with respect to the threat of serious injury to an industry from increased quantities of imports. Requires the ITC (current law permits) to consider specified factors determining the domestic industry producing an article like or directly competitive with an imported article. Makes changes to the definition of "substantial cause." Requires the ITC to determine the method and extent of import relief to be provided to an industry to prevent or remedy the injury or threat thereof to an industry when the ITC makes an affirmative determination. Provides that such relief shall be: (1) an increase in, or imposition of, any duty on the article causing, or threatening to cause, the serious injury; (2) the imposition of a tariff-rate quota on such article; or (3) the modification, or imposition, of quantitative restrictions on the importation into the United States of such article, to the extent and for such time (not to exceed five years) as the ITC considers necessary to remedy the injury or threat. Requires the ITC to hold a public hearing on the import relief provided by the ITC and the industry competitiveness and adjustment strategy submitted under this Act when an affirmative determination is made by the ITC. Prohibits any import relief that increases a rate which is more than 50 percent above the rate (if any) existing at the time the relief is commenced. Sets forth factors to be considered by the ITC in determining the method and duration of import relief. Requires the ITC to report its findings to the USTR with respect to import relief investigations. Requires the ITC, within 48 hours of finding that serious injury or the threat of serious injury exists with respect to any article, to notify the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Commerce of: (1) the finding; (2) the identity of the domestic producers and products within the scope of the finding; and (3) all nonconfidential information obtained by the ITC that may be relevant to a determination of eligibility for adjustment assistance. Requires that expedited consideration be given to petitions for certification of eligibility for adjustment assistance by: (1) workers in a domestic industry which the ITC, within the three years preceding the petition, has determined was seriously injured by imports; and (2) firms which are a part of such a domestic industry. Title III: Amendments to Countervailing and Antidumping Duty Laws - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to include in the definition of "subsidy" (for antidumping and countervailing duty purposes) any resource input subsidy. States that a "resource input subsidy" exists if: (1) (a) a product is provided or sold by a government-regulated entity for input use within such country at a domestic price that is lower than the fair market value of the input product and is not freely available to U.S. producers; and (b) a product would, if sold at the fair market value, constitute a significant portion of the total cost of the merchandise in or for which the input product is used; or (2) under specified circumstances, the right to remove such product is provided by that country's government. Sets forth the method of calculating the amount of a resource input subsidy. Defines "fair market value" and "input use." Requires injury determinations by the ITC to be made in all countervailing duty investigations relating to the existence of resource input subsidies. Requires the administering authority to adjust the foreign market value of an import if the administering authority determines in an antidumping investigation that: (1) a dumped input product is incorporated into or used in the manufacture or production of the import subject to the investigation; and (2) the manufacturer or producer of such import purchased the dumped input product for a price that is less than the adjusted foreign market value of that product. Defines "dumped input product" to be merchandise subject to an antidumping duty order or to a specified international agreement. Creates a right to a private remedy for injury resulting from dumping. Authorizes as eligible parties to sue for damages in the Court of International Trade: (1) any manufacturer of the dumped merchandise; and (2) any exporter, importer, or consignee who knew or had reason to know that the merchandise was sold at less than fair value. Title IV: Principal Negotiating Objectives and Unfair Trade Practices Functions of the USTR - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to describe the principal trade negotiating objectives of the United States, including: (1) to improve the dispute settlement procedures of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); (2) to strengthen the GATT rules pertaining to subsidy practices and countervailing and antidumping measures; (3) to limit and counteract industrial export targeting practices which are injurious to foreign producers; (4) to reduce barriers and other distortions that affect international trade; and (5) to develop mechanisms to assure greater cooperation between international trade and monetary systems. Establishes in the Office of the USTR an Office of Unfair Trade Investigations to: (1) coordinate the application of interagency resources to specific unfair trade practice cases; (2) prepare the annual report on foreign trade barriers; (3) identify unfair trade practices that have an adverse commercial impact on industries that need help to initiate proceedings for relief; and (4) identify those U.S. Government policies which may constitute unfair trade practices. Establishes in the Office of the USTR an interagency unfair trade practices advisory council. Authorizes appropriations. Title V: Customs and Import Administration - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to make it unlawful for any person to: (1) alter a country of origin; or (2) sell or transport any article that does not have its country of origin marking or that has had its country of origin marking altered. Sets forth penalties. Makes it unlawful to sell or distribute counterfeit goods in countries outside the United States. Authorizes the ITC to prohibit imports by any person with respect to whom there is reason to believe that such person is violating the prohibition against selling or distributing counterfeit goods in foreign countries. Requires such counterfeit goods to be seized and forfeited if they are imported into the United States. Makes it unlawful to sell or transport such goods in the United States. Sets forth penalties. Amends the Steel Import Stabilization Act to provide that any steel product that is manufactured in a country that is not party to a bilateral arrangement (a non-arrangement country) from steel which is melted and poured in a country that is an arrangement country will be treated for purposes of the quantitative restrictions under that arrangement as if it were a product of an arrangement country. Provides that such quantitative restriction period shall not apply to the number of articles that constitute the historical quantity of a steel product that was manufactured in a country not a party to a bilateral arrangement from steel that was poured in an arrangement country. Defines "historical quantity" to mean the aggregate quantity of a steel product that was imported from the country of manufacture in the United States during FY 1984. Requires the Customs Service, if provided with documentation that a steel product was exported by an arrangement country to a non-arrangement country where the product was transformed for export to the United States, to treat such documented product as if it were a product of the arrangement country for purposes of quantitative restrictions. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to monitor each restriction period to determine if authorized import levels have been exceeded. Sets forth specified duties of the Secretaries of Commerce and the Treasury in the event that authorized import levels have been exceeded. Requires the President to report to the Congress recommendations regarding steps to be taken after termination of the quantitative restriction period to ensure that the foreign share of the U.S. market for steel products is commensurate with a level which would: (1) obtain unsubsidized competition; and (2) not pose a threat to the U.S. industrial base or to U.S. national security. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to determine whether the annual U.S. market share of textile products has increased, or will likely increase, more than 75 percent over the U.S. market share accounted for by textile products during the preceding annual period. Requires the Secretary to: (1) report such determination to the House Committee on Ways and Means and the Senate Committee on Finance; and (2) publish notice of such determination in the Federal Register if an affirmative determination is made. Requires the Secretary to request consultations under the Multifiber Arrangement regarding import restrictions on textile products if he makes an affirmative determination for two successive quarters. Provides that the Secretary may not have to request such consultations if he determines, and submits written certification to congressional committees, that the increase or likely increase in imported textile products will not result in U.S. market disruption. Directs the Secretary to prohibit for three years any multiple customs law offender from: (1) introducing or trying to introduce foreign goods or services into U.S. commerce; and (2) engaging or trying to engage any other person to introduce, on such offender's behalf, foreign goods into U.S. commerce. Provides for identifying such multiple offenders. Sets the penalty for violations of such prohibition. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to include, for purposes of determining the transaction value of imported merchandise, costs and charges incurred by the buyer for the transportation, insurance, loading, and handling of merchandise imported into the United States. Provides an adjustment to be made to compensate for significant differences between such costs and charges for the imported goods and for the identical or similar goods in question as a result of disparities in distance and modes of transportation. Requires the ITC to investigate and submit a report to the Congress regarding the trade restructuring effects of Japan's toleration of cartels. Title VI: Competitive Foreign Exchange Rate Policy - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to submit to the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs and the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs a report on exchange rates. Sets forth specified information to be included in such reports. Directs each Committee to consult with the Secretary and report to its House on the Secretary's intended policies. Directs the Secretary to take steps to ensure that the actual exchange rate of the U.S. dollar and the bilateral exchange rates of specified countries are consistent with: (1) a sustainable balance in the U.S. current account; and (2) the competitiveness of the traded goods sector of the U.S. economy. Title VII: Foreign Commercial Service - Directs the Secretary of Commerce to establish a pilot program in the Foreign Commercial Service to encourage the export of U.S. goods and services to Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Sets forth actions the Foreign Commercial Service shall take through such program. Directs the Secretary to report semiannually to specified congressional committees on the progress of such program, including: (1) the goods and services proposed for trade liberalization; (2) the results of any liberalization towards U.S. goods and services; and (3) the increase in U.S. commercial sales in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Authorizes appropriations for such program for FY 1987 through 1991. Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to establish a Market Development Cooperator Program the purpose of which is to develop, maintain, and expand foreign markets for nonagricultural goods and services produced in the United States. Authorizes the Secretary to enter into contracts with specified organizations (cooperators) to engage in activities in order to carry out the purpose of the Program. Requires the Secretary to establish a partnership program with cooperators under which a cooperator may detail individuals to the Foreign Commercial Service. Sets forth administrative provisions governing such details. Designates the Market Development Cooperator Program an export promotion program under such Act. Amends the Taiwan Relations Act to require the American Institute of Taiwan to employ personnel to perform duties similar to those performed by personnel of the Foreign Commercial Service. Requires the Secretary to submit to the President and to the Congress a list of those U.S. missions abroad which are commercially significant or are located in a geographical area of commercial importance to the United States. Requires the Secretary of State to designate the senior Commercial Officer at any such mission a Minister-Counselor. Requires the Secretary of State to consider filling any vacancy in the Counsel General position of any U.S. consulate with a Commercial Officer under certain circumstances. Title VIII: Federal Budget Competitiveness Impact Statement - Amends Federal law to require the President to submit a budget to the Congress containing an analysis, prepared by the Council of Economic Advisors, of the budget's impact on the international competitiveness of U.S. balance of payments. Amends the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to require the Congress to adopt a concurrent resolution on the budget which shall contain an analysis, prepared by the Congressional Budget Office, of such resolution's impact on the international competitiveness U.S. business and the U.S. balance of payments. Title IX: Dislocated Worker Programs - Amends the Job Training Partnership Act to prohibit a State from continuing to receive funds for employment and training assistance for dislocated workers unless: (1) such State has established a rapid response capability with respect to dislocated workers; and (2) such State informs dislocated workers of the entitlement and conversion options which are available to such worker under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act. Requires each State to establish a system to ensure delivery to workers to a job site affected by a plant closing or mass layoff of information concerning: (1) Federal, State, and local income benefits; (2) present and future job openings; and (3) retraining opportunities. Directs the Secretary of Labor, upon notice from a State that workers may be eligible for adjustment assistance, to commence an investigation to determine if such closing or layoff was caused, in whole or in part, by foreign competition. Requires the Secretary within 90 days of such notice to determine worker eligibility for assistance. Provides that a dislocated worker may obtain: (1) remedial education or retraining; and (2) supplemental income, on-the-job allowances, and supplemental wage allowances not to exceed $4,000. Sets forth eligibility requirements. Appropriates funds from the Dislocated Worker Labor Productivity Trust Fund established by this Act. Directs the President to undertake negotiations to achieve changes in the GATT that would allow a country to impose a small uniform duty on imports to such country to be used to fund programs which assist adjustment to import competition. Requires the President to submit a report to the Congress: (1) concerning the progress of such negotiations; and (2) certifying that the GATT allows such a duty. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to impose a duty on all articles that enter the customs territory of the United States. Sets forth specified requirements with respect to such duty. Title X: Unemployment Compensation - Amends the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (as part of the Internal Revenue Code), to set the unemployment tax rate at a monthly 6.2 percent. Makes a conforming amendment to the Social Security Act. Establishes a Dislocated Worker Labor Productivity Trust Fund. Appropriates unemployment tax monies to the Fund. Allows an individual who is eligible for unemployment compensation and who is certified under the Job Training Partnership Act the option of: (1) receiving unemployment compensation; (2) receiving a reduced amount in lieu of such compensation if engaging in on-the-job training; or (3) in the case of an individual 55 years of age or older, receiving a wage supplement.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1987
Land and Water Conservation Fund Act Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 to increase from ten dollars to 25 dollars the charge for the annual admission permit (the Golden Eagle Passport). Authorizes the Director of the National Park Service to make available an annual admission permit for a reasonable fee for a specific unit or units. Sets fee limits for single visit permits. Prohibits charging fees at urban, outdoor recreation areas. Directs the Secretary of the Interior to report to specified congressional committees a list of units and their proposed admission fees. Requires fee proceeds to be used for the maintenance of the national parks as specified. Extends the Land and Water Conservation Fund through FY 2015.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1987
Amends the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1987 to require the bankruptcy trustee in any reorganization case to pay, until January 1, 1988 (currently, May 15, 1987), health, disability, or death benefits to retired former employees under a program established or maintained by the debtor prior to filing a bankruptcy petition.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1987
Requires the President to include in the annual Federal budget submitted to the Congress an analysis by the Council of Economic Advisers of the budget's impact on the international competitiveness of U.S. business and the U.S. balance of payments position, including projections for Government borrowing, domestic savings, private domestic investment, the merchandise trade and current accounts, and foreign indebtedness. Amends the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to require that a similar analysis by the Congressional Budget Office be included in the report of the Committee on the Budget of each House of Congress which accompanies each concurrent resolution on the budget.
United States · United States Congress · 26 February 1987
Economic Conversion Act - Title I: Prenotification of Base Closures and Defense-Related Contract Cancellations - Directs the Secretary of Defense, through the Economic Adjustment Committee, to notify State and local governments and regional organizations within a specified period of time of a proposed realignment or closure of a military installation or of the cancellation or termination of a defense contract or failure to proceed with an approved major weapon system program. Title II: Economic Conversion Pilot Program - Authorizes the Secretary to make grants for job retraining programs and planning for alternative production required by cancellation of defense contracts during FY 1988 through 1992. Permits one grant for each defense contract cancellation or reduction. Requires the administration of such grants at the local level by a capable unit of general local government or, through default, by the collective bargaining agents of affected employees. Directs the Secretary to make weekly economic adjustment assistance payments to such employees affected by a cancellation or reduction of a contract valued at $10,000,000 or more during FY 1988 through 1992. Sets forth a formula for determining the amount of such assistance, making allowances for unemployment compensation or public assistance received and health insurance coverage needed. Sets forth assistance application procedures and notification requirements. Makes available for such grants the amount of previously appropriated funds which the United States will save as a result of the cancellation or reduction of a defense contract.
United States · United States Congress · 25 February 1987
Family Investment Act of 1987 - Amends part A (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) (AFDC) of title IV of the Social Security Act to authorize the appropriation for each fiscal year of a sum sufficient for the operation of State family investment plans approved by the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Sets forth the prerequisites for plan approval, including the requirement that such plans provide family living standard supplement payments covering the cost of basic necessities to all low-income families with dependent children residing in the State. Requires the Secretary, within one year of this Act's enactment, to publish a uniform national methodology, developed by the National Academy of Sciences, which calculates family living standards taking into account cost variations among and within States. Sets the amount of assistance paid to a family at the difference between the applicable living standard and the family's income, excluding 25 percent of the family's earned income from such equation. Authorizes States to phase in the full family living standard within ten years, but prohibits family benefit payments from being reduced to a level below that which would have been payable under the Food Stamp program (of the Food Stamp Act of 1977), the Low-income Energy Assistance program (of the Low-income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981), and the current AFDC program had such programs not been supplanted by this Act's benefit program. Directs States to regularly update and adjust family income standards and supplement payments. Conditions eligibility for family living standard supplement payments on all physically and mentally capable adults, with certain exceptions, in low-income families with children participating in work, job-training, education, or related activities to the extent the State provides adequate child care services. Directs States to assign a case manager to each family seeking assistance and provide for the assessment of each family's needs and resources. Provides that such assessment shall be the basis of an agreement between the State and the family receiving assistance which sets forth the education, training, work activities, and community services which adults in the family are expected to engage in or perform pursuant to a plan aimed at the family's maximum potential for self-sufficiency and welfare independence. Requires such agreement to be reviewed and renegotiated at least once every six months. Directs States to give priority in education, training, employment, and case management services to long-term welfare recipients and those at greatest risk of long-term dependency. Authorizes States to penalize parents who do not comply with their agreement with the State by requiring mandatory work in exchange for benefits, issuing vouchers in lieu of cash, or, as a last resort, reducing benefits for adults. Prohibits States from requiring an individual to work at a job that pays or has a value below the minimum wage or the prevailing wage for that job, whichever is higher. Authorizes States to place an individual in community work when other work cannot be found, provided the community work is consistent with the job training he or she received. Directs States to provide child care and Medicaid (title XIX of the Act) services to all individuals participating in education, training, employment, or community services under this Act and continues their eligibility for such services for one year after the family's eligibility for family living standard supplements ends. Reimburses States for 75 percent of the cost of providing family living standard supplement payments and operating welfare-to-work programs, and 50 percent of the administrative costs of such benefit and work programs. Sets forth miscellaneous and administrative provisions. Authorizes States to: (1) provide counseling and guidance services to parents or relatives who are not using supplement payments in the best interests of the child or children involved; and (2) advise such parents or relatives that continued misdirection of such payments will result in sanctions. Amends part D (Child Support and Establishment of Paternity) of title IV of the Act to exclude the cost of making paternity determinations from the formula used to determine the amount of the incentive payment to a State for collecting child support payments.
United States · United States Congress · 25 February 1987
Interstate Sales Tax Collection Act of 1987 - Allows any State or political subdivision to require retailers engaged in business in that State to collect a State and local sales or use tax on the sale or use of tangible personal property shipped or delivered into that State or political subdivision. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to require interstate retailers to file information returns with the Internal Revenue Service for the purpose of assisting States in the collection of such sales or use taxes. Authorizes disclosure of such information to State tax officials. Imposes penalties for failure to file such information returns.
United States · United States Congress · 25 February 1987
Authorizes the President, on behalf of the Congress, to present a gold medal to Mrs. Jesse Owens in recognition of the late Jesse Owens' athletic achievements and humanitarian contributions to public service, civil rights, and international goodwill. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to sell bronze duplicates of the medal.
![Official portrait of Rep. Atkins, Chester G. [D-MA-5]](https://www.congress.gov/img/member/a000226_200.jpg)