United States · United States Congress · 21 May 1984
Prohibits the United States, before December 31, 1985, from terminating its membership in or otherwise suspending its participation in the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) unless specifically authorized or required by a specified section of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (relating to suspension of U.S. participation in the United Nations if Israel is illegally expelled) or by a specified section of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1982 and 1983 (relating to imposition of restrictions by UNESCO on freedom of the press and free flow of information), or unless such action is otherwise specifically authorized or required by Act of Congress. Prohibits the executive branch from making any decision on terminating or suspending U.S. participation in UNESCO without full consultation with Congress unless such termination or suspension is specifically required by Act of Congress.
United States · United States Congress · 9 May 1984
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Reagan administration and succeeding administrations: (1) stress to China the importance the American people attach to religious freedom; and (2) urge the Chinese Government to release from prison five Roman Catholic priests and persons of various faiths who are being held because of religious activities.
United States · United States Congress · 8 May 1984
Declares that the action by the Secretary of State in attempting to withdraw for two years the U.S. acceptance of the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice with respect to disputes with any Central American state or arising out of or relating to events in Central America is null and void.
United States · United States Congress · 7 May 1984
Federal Food Irradiation Development and Control Act of 1984 - Amends the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to delete "sources of radiation" from the definition of "food additive". Defines "food irradiation treatment" as a food process. Applies specified food additive regulatory provisions to food irradiation treatments. Declares it to be the express intent of Congress to require national uniformity in the regulation of food irradiation treatment. Prohibits States or their political subdivisions from establishing food irradiation requirements different from, or in addition to, Federal requirements. Authorizes permanent appropriations to carry out the byproducts beneficial uses portion of the Department of Energy (DOE) defense nuclear waste management program. Amends the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 to state that DOE may lease at fair market rates nuclear byproduct material for commercial food irradiation purposes. Establishes within the Department of Agriculture the Joint Operating Commission for Food Irradiation Treatment. Includes within such Commission's functions: (1) research and information exchange coordination; (2) encouragement of private enterprise in the development of food irradiation treatment; and (3) an annual report to Congress. Authorizes permanent appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 3 May 1984
States that the President should: (1) urge the Soviet Union to return to the START (Strategic Arms Reduction Talks) and INF (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces) negotiations; (2) initiate discussion of the nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile with the goal of eliminating such weapon from the arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union; and (3) propose to the Soviet Union a mutual and verifiable moratorium on any further deployment of such weapons pending final agreement.
United States · United States Congress · 2 May 1984
Sex Discrimination in the United States Code Reform Act of 1983 - Title I: Armed Forces, Soldiers' Home, Coast Guard, Lighthouse Service, and Merchant Marine - Amends Federal laws dealing with the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Coast Guard to eliminate gender-based distinctions. Title II: Elimination of Gender-Based Distinctions Under the Social Security Act and the Railroad Retirement Act - Eliminates gender-based distinctions in the social security and railroad retirement programs. Title III: Amendments to United States Code - Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act, the Walsh-Healey Act, the Child Nutrition Act of 1966, the Federal criminal code and other Acts (dealing with Indian affairs, transportation, public lands, Saint Elizabeth's Hospital, contract law, the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, longshoremen and harbor workers, conservation programs, internee benefits, and the spouses of former presidents, among other subjects) to eliminate gender-based distinctions. Title IV: Effective Date - Sets forth the effective date for the provisions of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 2 May 1984
Arms Race Moratorium Act - Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should immediately communicate to the Soviet Union the willingness of the United States to enter into a mutual United States - Soviet Union moratorium on the flight testing and deployment of new ballistic missiles and anti-satellite weapons and the testing of nuclear warheads. Prohibits spending or obligating any U.S. funds for the flight testing or deployment of new ballistic missiles, the flight testing against objects in space or the deployment of anti-satellite weapons, or the testing of nuclear warheads if, within 90 days of enactment of this Act, the President has not made such a communication with the Soviet Union and, within such period, the Soviet Union communicates to the President that at the end of the 90 days the Soviet Union will observe a mutual United States - Soviet Union moratorium on such testing and deployment. Authorizes U.S. funding for such testing and deployment if, after the beginning of the moratorium, the President certifies to Congress that the Soviet Union has conducted a test or deployed a missile or anti-satellite weapon or tested a nuclear warhead inconsistent with the moratorium. Requires the President, as part of such certification, to submit to Congress an unclassified report summarizing the basis for the certification and a classified report describing in detail the basis for the certification. Directs the President to report annually to the Congress: (1) on the progress in negotiating nuclear arms control agreements with the Soviet Union; (2) on whether the President believes that continuation of the moratorium is in the best national security interests of the United States. Authorizes Congress, if the President states that continuation of the moratorium is not in the best national security interests of the United States, to enact a joint resolution which terminates the moratorium and permits funds, to be used for testing and deployment.
United States · United States Congress · 12 April 1984
Civil Rights Act of 1984 - Amends the Education Amendments of 1972, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 and the Civil Rights Act to prohibit discrimination by any recipient of Federal financial assistance. (Currently, discrimination is prohibited only in a program or activity receiving Federal assistance.) Defines the term "recipient" to extend comprehensive coverage for purposes of the four Acts to any State or local governmental unit, any public or private agency or entity, and any subunit, successor, assignee, or transfereee of any such unit, agency, or entity.
United States · United States Congress · 12 April 1984
States that the Congress: (1) condemns Iraq for its use of chemical weapons; (2) condemns Iran for its violations of the human rights of its citizens in attacks against Iraq; (3) deplores the use of chemical weapons; (4) encourages the United Nations and other parties to continue investigations of suspected uses of chemical weapons; and (5) calls for continued and increased efforts at the Conference on Disarmament to negotiate a verifiable ban on such weapons.
United States · United States Congress · 11 April 1984
Expresses the sense of the Congress that no funds appropriated by the Congress shall be obligated or expended for the mining of Nicaraguan waters or ports.
United States · United States Congress · 9 April 1984
Resolves that the mining of Nicaraguan ports and sea lanes should be immediately terminated, that the United States cease supporting groups which carry out such mining operations, and that the existing mines be removed.
United States · United States Congress · 9 April 1984
States that the Congress strongly disapproves the President's decision to withdraw U.S. recognition of the International Court of Justice with regard to Central America and urges him to reconsider such decision.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1984
Amends the International Development Association Act to authorize the U.S. Governor of the International Development Association to pay a specified amount as the U.S. contribution to the seventh replenishment of the Association's resources. Authorizes appropriations for such purpose.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1984
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the use of chemical and biological weapons pose grave threats and that the United States should: (1) increase its investigations of suspected instances of chemical and biological warfare; (2) encourage the development of antidotes for such weapons, especially for the mycotoxin; (3) urge other nations to investigate suspected instances of such warfare; (4) help U.N. investigators gain access to areas where such warfare is suspected; and (5) negotiate with the Soviet Union and other nations to strengthen existing treaties regarding such warfare by ensuring compliance with such treaties.
United States · United States Congress · 29 March 1984
States that the President should: (1) renew the agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union on space cooperation for peaceful purposes; (2) initiate talks with the Soviet Union and other interested governments on opportunities for cooperative East-West space ventures as an alternative to an arms race in space; and (3) submit to the Congress a report detailing the steps taken in pursuance of these goals.
United States · United States Congress · 28 March 1984
States that the United States shall maintain its commitment to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) and not engage in programs which are inconsistent with such treaty. States that the President should not abrogate such treaty without the consent of the Congress, and should seek discussions with the Soviet Union to consider questions of compliance with the ABM Treaty.
United States · United States Congress · 27 March 1984
Agricultural Producers Antitrust Access Act - Amends the Clayton Act to provide that no person shall be barred from commencing an antitrust action to recover damage resulting from any underpayment received on the sale of cattle, hogs, sheep, grains, or soybeans because such person is not a direct seller to the defendant, provided that such person possessed the livestock or grain for at least 21 days prior to sale. Prohibits such person from recovering any amount of such an underpayment that has been passed on to other persons who are entitled to recover damages themselves.
United States · United States Congress · 21 March 1984
Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to require the Secretary of Agriculture to determine if the Canadian Government provides a subsidy to Canadian swine producers which is greater than U.S. subsidies to U.S. swine producers. Authorizes the Secretary, upon an affirmative finding, to impose additional duties on Canadian swine and pork products. Provides that the Secretary shall impose such an additional duty equal to the excess benefit of the Canadian subsidy that is conferred on such products. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to collect such duties. Requires the Secretary to terminate such additional duties during periods when Canada ceases to provide such subsidy.
United States · United States Congress · 15 March 1984
National Training Incentives Act of 1984 - Title I: Withdrawals from Individual Retirement Accounts and Annuities for Job Training for Displaced Workers - Sets forth provisions for certification of an unemployed individual as a displaced worker by application of such individual to the Secretary of Labor, through the appropriate employment office. Defines "displaced worker" for purposes of this title as any individual who: (1) has, as of the date of application for certification, at least 20 quarters of coverage under title II of the Social Security Act; and (2) has, within the one-year period ending on such date, received counseling relating to seeking employment from any public employment office of any State or such other agency as the Secretary has approved under specified provisions of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA). Defines "displaced workers" also as individuals who: (1) on the date of application for certification, are receiving (or are eligible to receive) regular unemployment compensation in such State; (2) on or before such date, have exhausted all right to receive regular unemployment compensation in such State in the individual's most recent benefit year; (3) on or before such date, have become unemployed (or have received notice from their employer that their employment will be terminated within six months of such notice) as a result of the permanent closure of the plant or facility of such employer where such individuals are or were employed; or (4) as of such date, have been unemployed for six months or more and have limited opportunity for employment (for any reason, including age) within a reasonable commuting distance from their principal residence in the same or any similar trade or occupation. Permits any displaced worker to withdraw, in a specified manner, an amount not to exceed the qualified amount from any individual retirement account or any individual retirement annuity established for the benefit of such worker to pay any expenses for training in a new trade or occupation. Sets forth formulas for determination of a "qualified amount." Sets forth provisions relating to the manner of such withdrawal, including provisions for issuance of training vouchers. Prohibits depositary institutions from assessing penalties for early withdrawals for purposes of such training, but provides for adjusted rates of return on investments under certain conditions. Requires that such training in an eligible training program at a qualified institution be treated as training with the approval of the State agency for purposes of specified FUTA requirements relating to approval of State unemployment laws. Prohibits denial of any unemployment compensation payment under any Federal law solely because a displaced worker is in such training at an eligible training program at a qualified institution. Sets forth definitions of eligible training programs and training expenses. Directs the Secretary to: (1) prescribe by regulation the application procedure and the criteria to be used in determining whether a training program is eligible; and (2) in making such determination, take into account determinations made by specified other officials and entities. Sets forth nondiscrimination provisions. Directs the Secretary to keep paperwork to the minimum necessary to administer this title and carry out the purposes of this Act. Title II: Amendments to Internal Revenue Code of 1954 Relating to Employee Training - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to provide that the additional tax on early withdrawals from individual retirement accounts shall not apply to specified withdrawals for training of dislocated workers. Sets forth special rules for early withdrawals from individual retirement accounts. Establishes an employee training tax credit for employers. Sets forth formulas and rules relating to such employee training credit. Title III: State Employment Service Responsibilities - Authorizes appropriations to the Secretary of Labor for FY 1985 and succeeding fiscal years for reimbursement payments to States for certain administrative costs incurred pursuant to this Act. Directs the Secretary to allocate such funds among all States which meet specified criteria in order to assist each such State to administer public employment offices or such other agencies which the Secretary has approved under specified FUTA provisions. Makes any State eligible for such payments if its public employment offices (or other such agencies) provide: (1) certification for displaced workers; and (2) labor market and training information and job search services (including specified counseling) to assist displaced workers to enroll in an eligible training program and obtain employment as quickly as possible. Directs the Secretary, within one year after enactment of this Act, to report to Congress on: (1) the extent to which the nationwide computerized job bank and matching program authorized under specified provisions of the Job Training Partnership Act can be expected to increase employment opportunities in each State; (2) the estimated cost of making such nationwide computerized job bank and matching program fully operational in the manner intended under such provisions; (3) the extent to which the development of such nationwide computerized job bank and matching program will require changes in the existing employment service operations in each State; and (4) the feasibility of using nonprofit privately operated job-referral services, in areas where such services are available, for the referral of individuals to jobs in low-wage industries where little or no skill is a prerequisite for employment rather than using State employment service offices or such nationwide computerized job bank and matching program. Title IV: Miscellaneous Provisions - Amends the Job Training Partnership Act to require private industry councils to make available throughout the service delivery area (SDA) information concerning training programs in such SDA which have been recognized as eligible training programs under this Act. Makes special provision for dislocated workers with respect to Pell Grants. Provides that, notwithstanding specified provisions of the Higher Education Act of 1965 or any other provision of law, the determination of the amount of the expected family contribution to a student to determine the amount of a basic grant to any student who is a certified displaced worker shall be made without including in the effective family income the amount of: (1) any unemployment compensation received by the student; or (2) any distribution from an individual retirement account established to pay training expenses of such student.
United States · United States Congress · 8 March 1984
Prohibits the United States from terminating its membership in or otherwise suspending its participation in and contributions to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization unless such action is: (1) required by a specified section of the Department of State Authorization Act, fiscal years 1984 and 1985 relating to suspension of U.S. participation in the United Nations if Israel is illegally expelled; (2) required by a specified section of the Department of State Authorization Act, fiscal years 1982 and 1983 relating to the imposition of restrictions by the Organization on freedom of the press and the free flow of information; or (3) specifically authorized by law.
United States · United States Congress · 8 March 1984
Designates the Veterans Administration Medical Center on Highway 6 West, Iowa City, Iowa, as the Darwin Lee Judge Veterans Administration Medical Center.
United States · United States Congress · 5 March 1984
Petroleum Marketing Practices Act Amendments of 1984 - Amends the Petroleum Marketing Practices Act to: (1) redefine the term "failure"; and (2) define the terms "constructive termination" and "similar motor fuel marketing operations." Defines "constructive termination" to mean: (1) the failure by the franchisor to supply the franchisee with motor fuel in an amount equal to the minimum specified in the franchise agreement; (2) the failure by the franchisor to make motor fuel available to the franchisee such minimum amount at a price which enables the franchisee to compete with similar motor fuel marketing operations of the franchisor; or (3) any adjustment in the quantity of fuel a franchisee is required or entitled to receive unless the franchisor can show that either the adjustment is applied equally to all franchisees and marketing operations of the franchisor within the relevant geographic area, or, if it is a downward adjustment, the franchisor can show that it is reasonable. Prohibits a motor fuel franchisor from constructively terminating a franchise. Requires a franchisor, in certain circumstances prior to terminating a franchise, to make a bona fide reasonable offer to transfer the franchise to the franchisee. Permits nonrenewal of a franchise relationship if the franchisor and franchisee cannot agree to changes or additions to the provisions of the franchise which are fair and reasonable. Prohibits nonrenewal because of the failure of the franchisor and franchisee to agree to changes or additions to the provisions of the franchise which relate to materially altering, adding to, or replacing the marketing premises. Permits nonrenewal, in a situation where renewal is presently permitted, when it would be uneconomical to the franchisor despite any reasonable changes acceptable to the franchisee, only if the franchisor demonstrates that the nonrenewal is not being made with the intent of avoiding competition with the franchisee. Requires a franchisor to notify a franchisee, 90 days prior to the franchisor's final opportunity to exercise an option to buy or to continue leasing the land where the franchise is located, of the name, address, and phone number of the owner or holder of the underlying lease. Provides that if a franchisee enters into an agreement with the owner or lessor to maintain possession of the premises, then the franchise agreement may continue, at the option of the franchisee. Requires any franchisor who competes with its own franchisees to supply motor fuel to its franchisees at a price and on terms which reasonably enable the franchisee to compete with the franchisor. States that the burden of proof is on the franchisor to show lack of competition. Revises the definition of "trial franchise." Permits a franchisee to maintain a civil action against a franchisor if the franchisor constructively terminates the franchise. States that the death, retirement, or disability of a franchisee shall not be grounds for termination or nonrenewal of the franchise if, prior the franchisee's death, retirement, or disability, the franchisee provides the franchisor with a succession plan. Permits termination or nonrenewal if: (1) the franchisor notifies the franchisee in writing, within 30 days of receipt of the plan, of the franchisor's rejection of the plan; (2) the rejection notice includes reasons for the rejection; and (3) the rejection is reasonable. Provides a franchisee with the right to sell or otherwise transfer the franchise subject to the approval of the franchisor. Prohibits approval from being withheld unreasonably.
United States · United States Congress · 1 March 1984
Amends the Education Amendments of 1972 to include educational institutions receiving Federal financial assistance within the prohibition against sex discrimination.
United States · United States Congress · 1 March 1984
Authorizes the President, on behalf of Congress, to present to Elie Wiesel a gold medal in recognition of his humanitarian efforts and outstanding contributions to world literature and human rights. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to provide for the public sale of bronze duplicates of such medal.
United States · United States Congress · 29 February 1984
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should instruct the U.S. delegation to the United Nations to request the Secretary General to seek the cooperation of Vietnam with the United States and specified other countries in ascertaining the whereabouts of the crewmen of the sunken U.S. vessel GLOMAR Java Sea.
United States · United States Congress · 23 February 1984
Directs the President to: (1) secure from the Indochina nations a full accounting of Americans captured or missing as a result of the Vietnam conflict; and (2) work for the release of captive Americans and the return of the remains of those American servicemen and civilians who died in Southeast Asia. Requires the President to submit two reports to Congress on American POW/MIAs in Southeast Asia.
United States · United States Congress · 22 February 1984
Social Security Disability Benefits Continuation Act of 1984 - Amends title II (Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance) of the Social Security Act to extend provisions providing for the continued payment of disability benefits during administrative appeal of a determination that a disability benefit receipient is no longer entitled to such benefits. (Under current law, such provisions apply with respect to disability determinations made prior to October 31, 1983.) Amends title XVI (Supplemental Security Income) of the Social Security Act to permit recipients of benefits based on disability or blindness who are determined to be no longer eligible for such benefits to elect to have the payment of such benefits continued during administrative appeal of such determinations. Provides that such benefit payments shall be considered overpayments if the Secretary of Health and Human Services affirms such a determination upon appeal.
United States · United States Congress · 21 February 1984
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should: (1) continue to express U.S. opposition to the exile of Igor Ogurtsov; and (2) urge the Soviet Union to provide Igor Ogurtsov with medical care, grant his release from exile, and accept his application for an exit visa and allow him to emigrate without forcing him to renounce his views (in accordance with a specified international treaty).
United States · United States Congress · 9 February 1984
Requires that such amounts as may be necessary of the Polish currencies held by the United States shall be available for construction of a new facility at the American Children's Hospital in Krakow, Poland, which would be known as the Clement J. Zablocki Outpatient Facility. Authorizes appropriations for: (1) equipping and furnishing such Facility; (2) improving medical equipment at the American Children's Hospital in Krakow; and (3) providing medical supplies to Poland through private and voluntary agencies.
![Official portrait of Rep. Leach, James A. [R-IA-2]](https://www.congress.gov/img/member/l000169_200.jpg)