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6,479 records where Sen. Kerry, John F. [D-MA] is listed as a sponsor, author, or other actor. Search with topics and years
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1993
Designates the weeks of February 7 through 13, 1993, and February 6 through 12, 1994, as National Burn Awareness Week.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1993
Designates March 25, 1993, as Greek Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Wilderness Additions Title II: Death Valley National Park Title III: Joshua Tree National Park Title IV: Mojave National Park Title V: National Park Wilderness Title VI: Miscellaneous Provisions Title VII: Definitions Title VIII: Military Lands and Overflights California Desert Protection Act of 1993 - Title I: Wilderness Additions - (Sec. 102, 108) Designates as additions to the National Wilderness Preservation System 74 wilderness areas within the California Desert Conservation Areas (CDCA), the Yuma District, and the Bakersfield District of the Bureau of Land Management. Permits grazing in such areas. States that non-designated areas within the CDCA have been adequately studied for inclusion in the System and releases them from otherwise applicable restrictions. (Sec. 109) Designates certain lands within the CDCA as the White Mountains Wilderness Study Area. (Sec. 111) Designates certain lands in the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge and the Imperial National Wildlife Refuge in California as components of the System. Title II: Death Valley National Park - (Sec. 202) Establishes the Death Valley National Historic Park which subsumes the Death Valley National Monument. Withdraws the additional lands from further exploitation under the mining laws. Preserves grazing privileges on such lands for persons holding permits as of July 1, 1991. Terminates all grazing on July 1, 2016. Title III: Joshua Tree National Park - (Sec. 302) Establishes the Joshua Tree National Park which subsumes the Joshua Tree National Monument. Withdraws the additional lands from further exploitation under the mining laws. (Sec. 306) Continues the validity of certain rights-of-way of the Metropolitan Water District (MWD). Title IV: Mojave National Park - (Sec. 402) Establishes the Mojave National Park which subsumes the East Mojave Scenic Area. (Sec. 407) Withdraws Federal lands within the Park from further exploitation under the mining laws. Authorizes the Secretary to regulate mining in the Park. Preserves grazing privileges on such lands for persons holding permits as of July 1, 1991. Terminates all grazing on July 1, 2016. (Sec. 411) Continues the validity of certain rights-of-way to the Southern California Edison Company and the Southern California Gas Company. (Sec. 413) Designates the Granite Mountains Natural Reserve within the Park. Title V: National Park Wilderness - (Sec. 501) Designates as wilderness the Death Valley National Park Wilderness, the Joshua Tree National Park Wilderness Additions, and the Mojave National Park Wilderness. Title VI: Miscellaneous Provisions - (Sec. 601) Directs the Secretary to transfer Red Rock Canyon State Park Additions in the CDCA to California. (Sec. 602) Establishes the Desert Lily Sanctuary within the CDCA. Withdraws Federal lands within the Sanctuary from further exploitation under the mining laws. (Sec. 604) Prohibits the Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture from: (1) disposing of lands within the boundaries of any wilderness or park designated by this Act; (2) granting rights-of-way in lands within designated wilderness; and (3) making lands within such boundaries available for use by the MWD. (Sec. 606) Directs the Secretary to ensure access to the wilderness areas and parks, designated by this Act for traditional Indian cultural and religious purposes. (Sec. 607) Reserves Federal water rights for wilderness areas designated by this Act. (Sec. 608) Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 609) Directs the Secretary, upon request of the affected parties, to enter into negotiations for agreements to exchange certain Federal lands for California State School Lands and Catellus Development Corporation lands located within the boundaries of the wilderness areas or park units designated by this Act. Title VII: Definitions - (Sec. 701) Sets forth specified definitions. Title VIII: Military Lands and Overflights - California Military Lands Withdrawal and Overflights Act of 1991 - (Sec. 802) States that nothing in this Act shall preclude military overflights over park or wilderness areas designated by this Act. (Sec. 803) Withdraws from appropriation under public land laws, and reserves for defense-related purposes by the Secretary of the Navy, specified lands in California known as the China Lake Naval Weapons Center and Chocolate Mountain. Withdraws such lands from the mining and mineral leasing laws. (Sec. 805) Directs the Secretary of the Navy to take necessary precautions to prevent and suppress brush and range fires occurring on such lands as a result of military activities. (Sec. 805) Assigns management responsibility for the China Lake area to the Secretary of the Navy. Directs the Secretary of the Interior to be responsible for the issuance of any lease, easement, right-of-way, and other authorization with respect to any activity on the withdrawn lands. (Sec. 806) Terminates land withdrawals under this Act 25 years after this Act's enactment. Requires the Secretary of the Navy to publish a draft environmental impact statement on the continued or renewed withdrawal of lands under this Act. (Sec. 807) Requires the Secretary of the Navy to maintain a decontamination program for such lands during their withdrawal. (Sec. 808) Requires the Secretary of the Navy to notify the Secretary of the Interior whether an extension is going to be requested and, if not, to what extent such lands are contaminated with hazardous materials. Requires the Secretary of the Navy to decontaminate relinquished lands, but if such decontamination is not practicable or economically feasible, authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to refuse to accept such lands. Requires the Secretary of the Navy to: (1) warn the public of risks of entry; (2) conduct only decontamination activities on such lands after the expiration of the withdrawal; and (3) report to the Secretary of the Interior and the Congress on the status of such lands. (Sec. 811) Exempts the United States from liability for damages resulting from nonmilitary activity on withdrawn lands. (Sec. 812) Authorizes the Navy's use of the El Centro Ranges in Imperial County, California, through 1995, subject to resource protection requirements.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Control of Congressional Campaign Spending Subtitle A: Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits Subtitle B: General Provisions Title II: Independent Expenditures Title III: Expenditures Subtitle A: Personal Loans; Credit Subtitle B: Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Parties Title IV: Contributions Title V: Reporting Requirements Title VI: Federal Election Commission Title VII: Miscellaneous Title VIII: Effective Dates; Authorizations Congressional Campaign Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 1993 - Makes findings and declarations of the Senate. Title I: Control of Congressional Campaign Spending - Subtitle A: Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits - (Sec. 101) Makes Senate candidates eligible to receive benefits under this title if they meet certain contribution (including multicandidate political committee (PAC) contribution) and expenditure limits. Limits Senate primary expenditures for a candidate (or his or her authorized committees) to: (1) 67 percent of the general election expenditure limit; or (2) $2.75 million. Limits runoff expenditures. Sets a threshold contribution amount which triggers application of such primary and runoff limits. Limits the use by a Senate candidate (or authorized committees), during an entire election cycle, of the candidate's personal (or family) funds (including debt). Limits aggregate general election expenditures by an eligible Senate candidate (or authorized committees) to the lesser of: (1) $5.5 million; or (2) the greater of $950,000, or $400,000 plus 30 cents times the voting age population up to 4,000,000 and 25 cents times the voting age population over 4,000,000. Exempts from the general election expenditure limit qualified legal and accounting expenditures from a legal and accounting compliance fund meeting certain requirements. Entitles eligible Senate candidates to certain broadcast media rates, mailing rates, public financing payments, voter communication vouchers (up to a certain amount), and in certain circumstances, payments compensating for independent expenditures and excess expenditures (if any) on behalf of the candidate's opponent. Requires the Federal Election Commission (Commission) to certify an eligible Senate candidate within 48 hours after his or her application to the Secretary of the Senate. Requires the Commission to examine and audit, for FECA compliance, the campaign accounts of ten percent of all Senate candidates, and the campaign accounts of all opponents of such candidates as well. Requires candidates to refund to the Commission any excess payments, expenditures, or voter communication vouchers. Sets civil penalties for excess expenditures and contributions. Requires deposit of all such amounts into the Senate Election Campaign Fund (established by this Act). Provides for judicial review of Commission actions and requires Commission reports to the Senate. Establishes in the Treasury the Senate Election Campaign Fund, for payments to eligible Senate candidates (including voter communication vouchers). Provides for reductions in payments in the event of insufficient funds, and compensatory increases in contribution limits. (Sec. 102) Reduces from $5,000 to $1,000 the maximum aggregate contributions of any PAC to a Senate candidate (or authorized committees). Makes it unlawful for aggregate PACs to contribute to any Senate candidate (or authorized committees) more than the lesser of: (1) $825,000; or (2) the greater of $375,000, or 20 percent of the sum of the general election spending limit plus the primary election spending limit (without regard to the candidate's eligibility for FECA benefits). Requires annual adjustments of such dollar amounts according to a specified price index. (Sec. 103) Sets forth reporting requirements for Senate candidates not eligible for FECA benefits. Requires reports to the Secretary within 24 hours of any contributions raised and expenditures made in excess of FECA limits. Allows the Commission to make its own determination of whether an ineligible candidate exceeds FECA limits. Requires any candidate for the Senate who, during the election cycle, exceeds limits on the use of personal and immediate family funds, and on personal loans incurred by the candidate and the candidate's immediate family, to report to the Secretary of the Senate within 24 hours after such expenditures have been made or loans incurred. Requires certain expenditure reports from any Senate candidate who held Federal, State, or local office during the same election cycle, and made any expenditures, before becoming a Senate candidate, which would have been treated as Senate candidate expenditures. Requires Senate candidates ineligible for FECA benefits to place on every paid or authorized political commercial or communication the declaration: "This candidate has not agreed to voluntary campaign spending limits." Subtitle B: General Provisions - (Sec. 131) Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to require a broadcast station to make broadcast time available to all House and Senate candidates in the last 30 (currently 45) days before a primary and the last 45 (currently 60) days before a general election, at the lowest unit charge of the station for the same amount of time (currently, the same class and amount of time) for the same period on the same date. Allows Senate candidates to purchase broadcast time at 50 percent of the lowest unit rate for the 45 days before a general election. Prohibits broadcasters from preempting advertisements sold to political candidates at the lowest unit rate, unless the preemption is beyond the broadcaster's control. (Sec. 132) Amends Federal law to permit eligible House and Senate candidates to mail up to one piece per eligible voter (voting age population) at the lowest third-class non-profit postage rate, during a general election period only. (Sec. 134) Requires a clear statement of responsibility in advertisements with: (1) a clearly readable type and color contrasts for print advertisements; (2) clearly readable type, color contrasts, the candidate's image, and for a duration of at least four seconds, for television advertisements; and (3) a clearly spoken message by the candidate for both television and radio advertisements. (Sec. 136) Amends Federal law to prohibit a Senator who is a candidate for election to any public office from making a mass mailing under the frank during the calendar year of any primary or general election for such office. Restricts mass mailings of a Member of the House to the Member's district. Title II: Independent Expenditures - (Sec. 201) Amends FECA to define "independent expenditure" as an expenditure for an advertisement or other communication that: (1) contains express advocacy; and (2) is made without the participation or cooperation of a candidate or a candidate's representative. Excludes from the meaning of "independent expenditure" any expenditure by: (1) a political committee of a political party; (2) persons who communicate or receive information about activities that have a purpose of influencing a candidate's election; and (3) persons with other specified relationships with a candidate or candidate's agents in the same election cycle. Defines "express advocacy" as any communication that when taken as a whole: (1) expresses support for or opposition to a specific candidate, a specific group of candidates, or candidates of a particular political party; or (2) suggests taking action with respect to an election, such as voting for or against, contributing to, or participating in campaign activity. Title III: Expenditures - Subtitle A: Personal Loans; Credit - (Sec. 301) Amends FECA to prohibit the use of contributions after the date of a general election to repay loans to a candidate (or authorized committee) by the candidate himself or herself or by members of the candidate's family. (Sec. 302) Treats as a contribution any extension of credit of more than $1,000 for more than 60 days to Senate and House candidates (or authorized committees) by vendors of advertising and mass mailing services. Subtitle B: Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Parties - (Sec. 311) Amends FECA to limit to an aggregate $10,000 in any calendar year: (1) an individual's contributions to political committees established by a State committee of a political party; and (2) a PAC's contributions to State party committees. Increases the $25,000 per year limit on an individual's contributions to a candidate by the amount of contributions (up to $5,000) made to State party committees. (Sec. 312) Prohibits a State party committee (including any subordinate committees) from making expenditures in connection with the general election presidential campaign of the party nominee which, in the aggregate, exceed a certain indexed amount. Subjects to certain limitations, prohibitions and reporting requirements any amount ("soft money") solicited, received, or expended directly or indirectly by a national, State, district, or local committee of a political party (including any subordinate committee) with respect to an activity (such as voter registration and get-out-the vote activities, among others) which, in whole or in part, is in connection with an election to Federal office. Prohibits a national political party committee from soliciting or accepting contributions not subject to FECA limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements. Cites conditions under which any amount received by the national, State, district, or local committee of a political party (including any subordinate committee) from a State or local candidate committee shall be treated as meeting the soft money requirements of this title. (Sec. 313) Places limitations on fundraising by Federal candidates and officeholders and certain political committees for State and local elections. Prohibits Federal candidates or officeholders from soliciting contributions to, or on behalf of, any tax-exempt organization if a significant portion of the organization's activities include voter registration or get-out-the-vote campaigns. (Sec. 314) Requires the national committee of a political party and any congressional campaign committee (and any subordinate committee) to report all receipts and disbursements during the reporting period, regardless of whether or not in connection with a Federal election. Title IV: Contributions - (Sec. 401) Specifies circumstances in which contributions made or arranged to be made directly or indirectly by a person to or on behalf of a particular candidate through an intermediary or conduit shall be treated as contributions from such intermediary or conduit to the candidate (thus subjecting them to the FECA limitations otherwise applicable to that intermediary or conduit). (Sec. 402) Treats contributions by a dependent not of voting age as having been made by the individual on whom that dependent is a dependent. (Sec. 403) Prohibits a candidate for Federal office from accepting, with respect to any election, any contribution from a State or local political party committee (or subordinate committee) if such contribution, when added to the total of contributions previously accepted from all such committees of that political party, exceeds the relevant contribution limitation. (Sec. 404) Excludes from the meaning of "contribution" any campaign expense voluntarily paid for by a campaign worker as an advance to the campaign, provided the amount does not exceed $500 and is reimbursed by the committee within ten days. Title V: Reporting Requirements - (Sec. 501) Requires all Federal candidates and authorized committees to aggregate information on their financial activity reports on an election cycle basis (instead of a calendar year basis, as at present). (Sec. 502) Requires candidates to report any expenditure in excess of the reporting threshold made to a person who provides services or materials for the candidate, whether the payment was made directly or indirectly under subcontract to another person providing personal or consulting services. (Sec. 503) Reduces from $200 to $50 the threshold for reporting certain information by persons other than political committees. (Sec. 504) Requires the Commission to maintain computerized indices of all contributions of at least $50 (currently $200). Title VI: Federal Election Commission - (Sec. 601) Prohibits a political committee that is not an authorized committee from using a candidate's name in a way to suggest that the candidate has authorized such committee. (Sec. 603) Provides for filling any vacancy in the office of general counsel, and revises the general counsel's rate of pay. (Sec. 604) Revises the basis for an enforcement proceeding from "reason to believe that a person has committed or is about to commit a violation of FECA" to "facts have been alleged or ascertained that, if true, give reason to believe that a person may have committed, or may be about to commit" such a violation. Authorizes the Commission to initiate a civil action for a temporary restraining order or a temporary injunction at any time during an enforcement proceeding that it believes there is substantial likelihood a FECA violation is occurring or about to occur, and the need for expeditious action meets certain criteria. (Sec. 606) Authorizes the Commission to conduct random audits of political committees. (Sec. 607) Prohibits contribution solicitation by false representation as a candidate or a representative of a candidate, a political committee, or a political party. (Sec. 608) Directs the Commission to promulgate rules to prohibit devices or arrangements which have the purpose or effect of undermining or evading provisions of FECA restricting the use of non-Federal money to affect Federal elections. Title VII: Miscellaneous - (Sec. 701) Prohibits Federal candidates and officeholders from establishing, maintaining, or controlling any political committee (such as a "leadership committee") other than a principal campaign committee of the candidate, authorized committee, party committee, or other political committee designated as an authorized committee. (Sec. 702) Requires that contributions of polling data to Federal candidates be valued at fair market value on the date of the poll's completion, depreciated at a specified rate. Title VIII: Effective Dates; Authorizations - (Sec. 801) Sets forth the general effective date of this Act. (Sec. 802) Declares the sense of the Senate that: (1) the current presidential checkoff on Federal tax returns should be increased to $5.00 (with individuals permitted to contribute an additional $5.00 in additional taxes), and the designation changed to "Federal Election Campaign Checkoff"; (2) the Internal Revenue Service and the FEC should be required to develop a plan to publicize the fund and the checkoff; and (3) funds to pay for the increase in the checkoff should come from the repeal of the tax deduction for business lobbying activity and the elimination of newsletter franking by the Congress. (Sec. 804) Provides for direct, expedited appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court from any court rulings on the constitutionality of any provision of this Act or amendment made by it.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Amends the National Labor Relations Act to make it an unfair labor practice for an employer to promise, threaten, or take other action to hire a permanent replacement for an employee who: (1) at the beginning of a labor dispute was in a bargaining unit in which a labor organization either was the certified or recognized exclusive representative or was seeking to be so certified or recognized, on the basis of written authorizations by a majority of unit employees; and (2) in connection with that dispute has engaged in concerted activities for collective bargaining or other mutual aid and protection through that labor organization. Makes it also an unfair labor practice for an employer to withhold or deny any other employment right or privilege to such an employee who is working for or has unconditionally offered to return to work for the employer, out of preference for any other individual based on that individual's performing, having performed, or having indicated a willingness to perform bargaining unit work for the employer during the dispute. Amends the Railway Labor Act to prohibit any carrier or its officer or agent from discriminating against an employee in a craft or class in any of the above ways prohibited to employers under the National Labor Relations Act.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Authorizes the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity to establish a memorial to Martin Luther King, Jr., in the District of Columbia and its environs. Prohibits the United States from paying any expense of establishing the memorial.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Freedom of Choice Act of 1993 - Provides that a State may not restrict the right of a woman to choose to terminate a pregnancy before fetal viability. Allows a State to: (1) restrict the freedom of a woman to chose to terminate a pregnancy after viability unless the termination is necessary to protect the life or health of the woman; and (2) impose requirements on abortions if the requirements are necessary to protect the life or health of the woman. Declares that nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent a State from: (1) protecting individuals or private health care institutions from having to participate in abortions to which they are conscientiously opposed; (2) declining to pay for abortions; or (3) requiring minors to involve responsible adults before terminating a pregnancy.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Urban Tax Enterprise Zones and Rural Development Investment Zones Subtitle A: Designation and Tax Incentives Subtitle B: Redevelopment Bonds for Tax Enterprise Zones Subtitle C: Credit for Contributions to Certain Community Development corporations Subtitle D: Indian employment and Investment Subtitle E: Study Title II: Authorization for Additional Assistance to Distressed Communities Subtitle A: National Public-Private Partnership Programs Subtitle B: Block Grant Funding for Eligible Programs Subtitle C: Other Programs Enhanced Enterprise Zones Act of 1993 - Title I: Urban Tax Enterprise Zones and Rural Development Investment Zones - Declares it to be the purpose of this Act to establish a demonstration program of providing incentives for the creation of tax enterprise zones in order to: (1) revitalize economically and physically distressed areas; (2) promote meaningful employment for zone residents; and (3) encourage individuals to reside in the zones in which they are employed. Subtitle A: Designation and Tax Incentives - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to provide for the designation of tax enterprise zones during calendar years after 1992 and before 1997: (1) by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, in the case of an urban tax enterprise zone; and (2) by the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, in the case of a rural development investment zone. Sets forth the eligibility criteria for such designation for urban tax enterprise zones and for rural development investment zones. Allows an enterprise zone employment credit to small employers as a general business credit of 15 percent of the qualified zone wages. Allows a deduction for the purchase of enterprise zone stock paid in cash. Excludes from gross income 50 percent of qualified capital gain recognized on the sale or exchange of a new qualified zone asset held for more than five years. Subtitle B: Redevelopment Bonds for Tax Enterprise Zones - Sets forth special rules for tax-exempt redevelopment bonds which provide financing for tax enterprise zones for the first 60-month period after a zone is so designated. Subtitle C: Credit for Contributions to Certain Community Development Corporations - Allows a general business tax credit for contributions to selected community development corporations to provide employment of, and business opportunities for, low-income individuals who are residents of the operational area of the community. Subtitle D: Indian Employment and Investment - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to establish an Indian reservation credit as a tax credit for investment in qualified Indian reservation property. Allows businesses an employment credit of ten percent (30 percent in the case of an employer with an least 85 percent Indian employees) of the sum of the qualified wages and qualified employee health insurance costs paid or incurred during a taxable year. Subtitle E: Study - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the appropriate Secretary, to contract with the National Academy of Sciences to report to the House Committee on Ways and Means and the Senate Committee on Finance on the effectiveness of the incentives provided by this subtitle in achieving its purposes. Title II: Authorization for Additional Assistance to Distressed Communities - Subtitle A: National Public-Private Partnership Programs - Expresses the sense of the Congress that public-private partnerships between government and community-based organizations offer an opportunity to empower residents of low-income distressed communities and to forge innovative solutions to the challenges confronting these communities, and that increased resources should be invested in such partnerships. Authorizes appropriations to promote certain national public-private partnerships for FY 1993 through 2002. Specifies amounts to be available only for projects or activities that directly and principally benefit the residents of tax enterprise zones. Subtitle B: Block Grant Funding for Eligible Programs - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1993 through 2002 for urban enterprise zones and rural development investment zones. Provides for the allocation and use of such amounts for carrying out selected programs within such zones. Specifies the eligible programs in the areas of: (1) crime and criminal justice; (2) job training; (3) education; (4) health and nutrition; and (5) housing and community development. Sets forth requirements for applying for funding. Establishes an interagency council to provide administrative assistance for functions under this title. Requires the council, one year after enactment of this Act, to report to the Congress on: (1) any alternative methods or systems for allocation of amounts made available for enterprise zones; and (2) any problems experienced in the implementation and administration of this subtitle. Subtitle C: Other Programs - Amends the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 to waive the cap on assistance under the community development block grant program for units of general local government located within or containing an urban tax enterprise zone. Authorizes the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to make loan guarantees for such units of local government for development activities. Amends the Job Training Partnership Act of establish the youth adult employment demonstration program to assist young adults with education, job training, and employment services in tax enterprise zones. National Community Economic Partnership Act of 1992 - Authorizes the Secretary of HHS to provide nonrefundable lines of credit to community development corporations for the establishment, maintenance or expansion of revolving loan funds to be utilized to finance projects intended to provide business and employment opportunities for low-income, unemployed, or underemployed individuals and to improve the quality of life in urban and rural areas. Provides assistance to community development corporations to upgrade the management and operating capacity of such corporations and to enhance the resources available to enable such corporations to increase their community economic development activities. Requires the Secretary to award grants to organziations to enable them to undertake programs involving research, testing, studies or demonstrations related to community economic development. Directs the Secretary to develop and promulgate joint community development activity programs with other agencies. Enterpise Capital Access Fund Demonstration Program - Establishes a demonstration program to provide loans and technical assistance grants to nonprofit financial intermediaries in order to finance business and employment opportunities, low-income housing opportunities, and neighborhood revitalization projects. Establishes within HUD an Office of Community Banking to carry out this title. Directs the Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation, to establish a Reverse Commuting Demonstration Program to test the effects of assisting residents of poor inner-city areas to commute to job sites in other areas of the city or surrounding suburbs.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Amends the Internal Revenue Code and title II (Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance) of the Social Security Act to revise the employment tax treatment of certain crew members on fishing vessels with a crew of ten or fewer individuals.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Prohibits a member of the armed forces or person seeking to become a member from being discriminated against by the armed forces on the basis of sexual orientation.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to repeal the luxury excise tax on boats.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 - Requires States to establish procedures with respect to presidential and congressional elections to permit voter registration by: (1) application in person simultaneously with application for a motor vehicle driver's license; (2) mail application; or (3) application in person at designated Federal, State, or nongovernmental office locations. Declares that this Act does not apply to any State that has no voter registration requirement with respect to elections for Federal office, or in which voters may register at the polling place at the time of a general election for Federal office. Amends Federal postal rate law to require the Postal Service to make certain lower postal rates available to State or local election officials who certify that a mailing is in furtherance of this Act. Directs the Federal Election Commission to develop a mail voter registration application form for Federal elections. Provides a private right of action for an individual aggrieved by a violation of this Act. Imposes criminal penalties for specified violations of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Designates a specified portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska as a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: General Provisions Title II: Manufacturing Subtitle A: Manufacturing Technology and Extension Subtitle B: National Science Foundation Manfuacturing Program Title III: Critical Technologies Subtitle A: Advanced Technology Program and Related Subtitle B: Technology Financing Pilot Programs Title IV: Additional Commerce Department Provisions Title V: Authorization of Appropriations Title VI: Information Infrastructure and Technology Title I: General Provisions - National Competitiveness Act of 1993 - Sets forth the purposes and goals of this Act. Title II: Manufacturing - Manufacturing Technology and Extension Act of 1993. Subtitle A: Manufacturing Technology and Extension - (Sec. 212) Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to establish a Twenty-First Century Manufacturing Infrastructure Program, which shall include (as established by this Act): (1) an Advanced Manufacturing Technology Development Program; and (2) a National Manufacturing Outreach Program, which shall include outreach centers and a technology extension communications network. Establishes a Manufacturing Advisory Committee within the Office of Science and Technology Policy. (Sec. 215) Amends the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act to establish within the National Institute of Standards and Technology (Institute) a State Technology Extension Program. Directs the Program to make awards to States for planning and coordination of technology extension activities. (Sec. 216) Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) to make awards to establish workforce training consortia between industry and institutions of higher education. Subtitle B: National Science Foundation Manufacturing Programs - (Sec. 223) Requires the Director of the National Science Foundation to expand the number of Engineering Research Centers and strengthen the Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program. Authorizes the Director to establish: (1) graduate traineeships; (2) a manufacturing managers in the classroom program; and (3) a quality management program. Title III: Critical Technologies - Subtitle A: Advanced Technology Program and Related (sic) - (Sec. 311) Directs the Secretary to submit to the Congress an expansion plan for the Advanced Technology Program. Authorizes Program support of large-scale joint ventures. (Secs. 314, 315) Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to establish: (1) within the Technology Administration an Office of Technology Monitoring and Competitive Assessment; and (2) a Commerce Technology Advisory Board. (Sec. 316) Directs the Critical Technologies Institute to study semiconductor lithography technologies. Subtitle B: Technology Financing Pilot Programs - (Secs. 322 through 324) Authorizes the Secretary to provide assistance for: (1) civilian technology loans; (2) critical technology investment companies; and (3) State technology development programs. Title IV: Additional Commerce Department Provisions - Amends the American Technology Preeminence Act of 1991 to expand the Institute's standard pilot program to permit contracts with non-Federal organizations to promote U.S. technical standards dissemination activities abroad. Requires the Secretary to report to the Congress on the appropriate Federal role in developing and promulgating domestic and global product and quality standards. (Sec. 402) Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to prohibit the making of a Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award within a category or subcategory if there are no qualifying enterprises in that category or subcategory. Makes educational institutions an Award category. (Sec.405) Prohibits the fraudulent use of "Made in America" labels. Provides for compliance with the Buy American Act. (Sec. 407) Wind Engineering Program Act of 1992 - Establishes within the National Institute of Standards and Technology a Wind Engineering Program which shall: (1) provide for wind engineering research; (2) serve as an information clearinghouse; and (3) improve interagency coordination on wind engineering research. Title V: Authorization of Appropriations - (Secs. 501 through 504) Authorizes appropriations for: (1) the Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology; (2) the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Technology Policy; (3) Japanese Technical Literature; (4) the Office of Technology Monitoring and Competitive Assessment; (5) the Institute, including intramural scientific and technical research, facilities, and extramural industrial technology services; (6) wind engineering; (7) the Civilian Technology Loan Program; (8) the Civilian Technologies Venture Capital Program; (9) State Technology Assistance programs; (10) the American workforce quality partnership program; and (11) the National Science Foundation. Title VI: Information Infrastructure and Technology - Information Infrastructure and Technology Act of 1992 - (Secs. 603 through 608) Amends the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 to require the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, through the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology, to establish an Information Infrastructure Program and five-year implementation plan that shall provide a coordinated interagency effort to develop technologies needed to apply high-performance computing and high-speed networking in education, libraries, health care, manufacturing, and other appropriate fields. Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Safe Streets for Women Subtitle A: Federal Penalties for Sex Crimes Subtitle B: Law Enforcement and Prosecution Grants to Reduce Violent Crimes Against Women Subtitle C: Safety for Women in Public Transit and Public Parks Subtitle D: National Commission on Violence Against Women Subtitle E: New Evidentiary Rules Subtitle F: Assistance to Victims of Sexual Assault Title II: Safe Homes for Women Subtitle A: Family Violence Prevention and Services Act Amendments Subtitle B: Interstate Enforcement Subtitle C: Arrest in Spousal Abuse Cases Subtitle D: Funding for Shelters Subtitle E: Family Violence Prevention and Services Act Amendments Subtitle F: Youth Education and Domestic Violence Subtitle G: Confidentiality for Abused Persons Subtitle H: Technical Amendments Subtitle I: Data and Research Title III: Civil Rights Title IV: Safe Campuses for Women Title V: Equal Justice for Women in the Courts Act Subtitle A: Education and Training for Judges and Court Personnel in State Courts Subtitle B: Education and Training for Judges and Court Personnel in Federal Courts Violence Against Women Act of 1993 - Title I: Safe Streets for Women - Safe Streets for Women Act of 1993 - Subtitle A: Federal Penalties for Sex Crimes - Amends the Federal criminal code to: (1) authorize judges to increase sentences for repeat sex offenders to up to twice that otherwise authorized by statute; and (2) require the U.S. Sentencing Commission to amend sentencing guidelines to increase the base offense level applicable to criminal sexual abuse. (Sec. 113) Requires that a court order restitution for violations of Federal sexual abuse laws. (Sec. 114) Authorizes appropriations to U.S. Attorneys to appoint victim/witness counselors for the prosecution of sex crimes and domestic violence crimes. Subtitle B: Law Enforcement and Prosecution Grants to Reduce Violent Crimes Against Women - Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to require the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance to make grants to areas of high intensity crime against women. Authorizes the Director to make general grants to: (1) States to reduce violent crimes against women; and (2) Indian tribes to reduce violent crimes against women in Indian country. Subtitle C: Safety for Women in Public Transit and Public Parks - Amends the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 to direct the Secretary of Transportation, from funds authorized under existing provisions, to make capital grants for the prevention of crime and to increase security in existing and future public transportation systems. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants and loans to States and local public bodies to increase the safety of public transportation through lighting, camera surveillance, security phones, or other projects. Directs the Secretary to provide grants and loans to study ways to reduce violent crimes against women in public transit through better design or operation of public transit systems. (Sec. 132) Amends: (1) the National Park System Improvements in Administration Act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to provide assistance to reduce violent crime in the National Park System; and (2) the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 to direct such Secretary to provide grants for capital improvements and other measures to increase safety in urban parks and recreation areas. Subtitle D: National Commission on Violence Against Women - Establishes the National Commission on Violence Against Women to promote a national policy on violent crime against women and to make recommendations on reducing such crime. Subtitle E: New Evidentiary Rules - Amends the Federal Rules of Evidence to exclude, in criminal cases other than sex offense cases, reputation or opinion evidence of the past sexual behavior of a victim from admission into evidence. Allows other types of evidence of a victim's past sexual behavior in accordance with specified procedures if its probative value outweighs the danger of unfair prejudice. (Sec. 152) Makes reputation or opinion evidence of the plaintiff's past sexual behavior inadmissible in a civil action involving allegations of actionable sexual misconduct. Makes other types of evidence of a plaintiff's past sexual behavior admissible in accordance with specified procedures if its probative value outweighs the danger of unfair prejudice. (Sec. 154) Makes evidence of an alleged victim's clothing, in a criminal case under Federal laws relating to sexual abuse, inadmissible to show that the victim incited or invited the offense. Subtitle F: Assistance to Victims of Sexual Assault - Amends the Public Health Service Act to allow States to use amounts transferred by the State under block grant provisions for rape prevention and education programs conducted by rape crisis centers or similar nongovernmental nonprofit entities. (Sec. 162) Requires grant recipients under this title to incur the full cost of forensic medical exams for victims of sexual assault. (Sec. 163) Amends the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to make grants to private, nonprofit agencies for street-based outreach and education for female runaway, homeless, and street youth who have been subjected to or are at risk of being subjected to sexual abuse. (Sec. 164) Amends the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure to provide for a victim's right to make a statement at the sentencing of a criminal defendant in cases involving a crime of violence or sexual abuse. Title II: Safe Homes for Women - Safe Homes for Women Act of 1993 - Subtitle A: Family Violence Prevention and Services Act Amendments - Amends the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA) to authorize the Secretary of HHS to award grants to one or more private, nonprofit entities to provide for the operation of a national, toll-free telephone hotline to provide information and assistance to victims of domestic violence. Subtitle B: Interstate Enforcement - Amends the Federal criminal code to provide for a Federal term of imprisonment or fine, in addition to any State penalties, for any person who: (1) in the course of or as a result of travelling across State lines injures his or her spouse or intimate partner (partner); (2) crosses State lines for the purpose of harassing, intimidating, or injuring a partner and who injures such partner; (3) causes a partner to cross State lines by force, coercion, duress, or fraud and who injures such partner; or (4) commits such acts in violation of a valid protection order issued by a State. Provides for temporary protection orders while a case under these provisions is pending. Mandates that a court order restitution to the victim of an offense under this Act. Requires, provided certain conditions are met, that a protection order issued by the court of one State be accorded full faith and credit by the court of another State. Subtitle C: Arrest in Spousal Abuse Cases - Amends the FVPSA to authorize the Secretary of HHS to make grants, with regard to spousal abuse, to: (1) implement pro-arrest programs and policies in police departments and improve case tracking; (2) centralize police enforcement, prosecution, or judicial responsibility for cases in one group of officers, prosecutors, or judges; (3) coordinate computer tracking systems to ensure communication between police, prosecutors, and both criminal and family courts; and (4) educate judges to improve judicial handling of cases. Subtitle D: Funding for Shelters - Amends the FVPSA to authorize appropriations to carry out that Act. Subtitle E: Family Violence Prevention and Services Act Amendments - Amends the FVPSA to require that: (1) applications for State demonstration grants include a plan to address the needs of underserved populations; and (2) upon completion of activities funded, the State grantee file a performance report explaining the activities carried out together with an assessment of the effectiveness of such activities. Subtitle F: Youth Education and Domestic Violence - Amends the FVPSA to direct the Secretary of Education to select, implement, and evaluate four model programs for education of young people about domestic violence and violence among intimate partners, with one program for each of primary, middle, and secondary schools, and institutions of higher education. Subtitle G: Confidentiality for Abused Persons - Requires the U.S. Postal Service to promulgate regulations to secure the confidentiality of abused persons' addresses. Subtitle H: Technical Amendments - Amends the FVPSA to: (1) include among the duties of State domestic violence coalitions to work with local domestic violence programs and providers of direct services to encourage appropriate responses to domestic violence within the State; and (2) make technical amendments to such Act. Subtitle I: Data and Research - Requires: (1) the Director of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to request the National Academy of Sciences to enter into a contract to develop a research agenda to increase the understanding and control of violence against women; (2) the NIJ to study and report to the States and the Congress on how the States may collect centralized databases on the incidence of domestic violence offenses within a State; and (3) the Secretary of HHS to conduct a study to obtain a national projection of the incidence of injuries resulting from domestic violence, the cost of injuries to health care facilities, and recommend health care strategies for reducing the incidence and cost of such injuries. Title III: Civil Rights - Civil Rights Remedies for Gender-Motivated Violence Act - Declares that all persons within the United States shall have the right to be free from crimes of violence motivated by the victim's gender. Makes any person, including a person who acts under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State, who deprives another of such right, liable to the injured party in an action for compensatory and punitive damages, injunctive and declaratory relief, and such other relief as the court deems appropriate. (Sec. 303) Allows the awarding of attorney's fees in actions to enforce this title. (Sec. 304) Expresses the sense of the Senate that news media, law enforcement officers, and other persons should exercise restraint, and respect a rape victim's privacy, by not disclosing the victim's identity to the general public or facilitating such disclosure without the victim's consent. Title IV: Safe Campuses for Women - Amends the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 to authorize appropriations for grants for campus sexual offenses education and prevention programs. Title V: Equal Justice for Women in the Courts Act of 1993 - Equal Justice for Women in the Courts Act of 1993 - Subtitle A: Education and Training for Judges and Court Personnel in State Courts - Authorizes the State Justice Institute to make grants for model programs to be used by States in training judges and court personnel in State laws on rape, sexual assault, domestic violence, and other crimes of violence motivated by the victim's gender. Subtitle B: Education and Training for Judges and Court Personnel in Federal Courts - Encourages the circuit judicial councils to conduct studies of any instances of gender bias in legal proceedings in their respective circuits. Authorizes the Federal Judicial Center to include in its educational and training programs information on issues related to gender bias in the courts. (Sec. 522) Directs the Judicial Conference to allocate funds (as specified) to Federal circuit courts that: (1) undertake studies under this subtitle in their circuits; or (2) implement reforms recommended as a result of such studies in their own or other circuits, including education and training.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: General Provisions Regarding Title IV of Public Health Service Act Title II: National Institutes of Health in General Title III: General Provisions Respecting National Research Institutes Title IV: National Cancer Institute Title V: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Title VI: National Institute on Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Title VII: National Institute on Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Title VIII: National Institute of Aging Title IX: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Title X: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Title XI: National Eye Institute Title XII: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Title XIII: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Title XIV: National Library of Medicine Title XV: Other Agencies of National Institutes of Health Title XVI: Awards and Training Title XVII: National Foundation for Biomedical Research Title XVIII: Research With Respect to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Title XIX: Studies Title XX: Miscellaneous Provisions Title XXI: Effective Dates National Institutes of Health Revitalization Amendments of 1993 - Title I: General Provisions Regarding Title IV of Public Health Service Act - (Sec. 101) Amends the Public Health Service Act to condition research funding on human subject review and scientific and technical peer review. Prohibits withholding funding on ethical grounds unless an ethics advisory board so recommends. (Sec. 111) Regulates human fetal tissue transplantation research. (Sec. 121) Removes provisions regarding: (1) biomedical ethics; (2) waiver of a risk standard; and (3) the construction of title IV (National Research Institutes). Declares ineffective a Federal regulation relating to ethical advisory boards. (Sec. 131) Requires inclusion of women and minorities as subjects in each clinical research project under such title IV. (Sec. 141) Establishes: (1) the Office of Research on Women's Health; (2) the Coordinating Committee on Research on Women's Health; and (3) the Advisory Committee on Research on Women's Health. Mandates: (1) study of the representation of women among senior physicians and scientists of the national research institutes (NRIs) and among those conducting supported research; and (2) activities to increase that representation. Establishes a data system containing information on research on women's health. (Sec. 151) Establishes the Office of Research on Minority Health. (Sec. 161) Establishes the Office of Scientific Integrity. Requires grant, contract, or cooperative agreement applicants to have a scientific misconduct report review process. Establishes the Commission on Scientific Integrity. Provides for employee whistle blower protection. Mandates measures against financial conflicts of interest. Title II: National Institutes of Health in General - (Sec. 201) Modifies the duties of the National Institute of Health's (NIH's) Associate Director for Prevention. (Sec. 202) Establishes a program to enhance competitiveness in States receiving little funding from the NRIs. (Sec. 203) Mandates activities, consistent with the global Children's Vaccine Initiative, to develop vaccines. Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 204) Requires a plan regarding the use of animals in research. Establishes the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Use of Animals in Research. Repeals similar provisions. (Sec. 205) Authorizes activities to increase the number of women and members of underrepresented minority groups in biomedical and behavioral research. (Sec. 206) Regulates surveys of human sexual behavior conducted or supported through NIH. (Sec. 207) Establishes a fund for use by the NIH Director to carry out NIH activities. Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 208) Modifies NRI advisory council terms of office. Requires that at least half of NIH health education materials not exceed functional literacy. Authorizes a day care service for NIH employees. Title III: General Provisions Respecting National Research Institutes - (Sec. 301) Requires that the Secretary of Health and Human services receive directly all funds appropriated for the Institute. Removes provisions authorizing the National Cancer Institute to directly receive such funds. Modifies requirements regarding the establishment of technical and scientific peer review groups. (Sec. 302) Requires expansion of research on osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and related bone disorders. Establishes a clearinghouse. Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 303) Establishes a program of trauma research and the Trauma Research Interagency Coordinating Committee. Title IV: National Cancer Institute - (Sec. 401) Requires expanding National Cancer Institute (NCI) activities on breast and ovarian cancer, other cancers of the reproductive system of women, and prostate cancer. Authorizes appropriations. Removes authorizations of appropriations for NCI and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Title V: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute - (Sec. 501) Requires NHLBI to conduct intramural training and education. Authorizes centers on cardiovascular diseases in children. Establishes the National Center on Sleep Disorders. Authorizes appropriations for NHLBI. Title VI: National Institute on Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - (Sec. 601) Establishes a program on nutritional disorders. Provides for research and training centers. Title VII: National Institute on Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases - (Sec. 701) Establishes a children's arthritis and musculoskeletal disease center. Renames the National Arthritis Advisory Board as the National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Advisory Board and modifies its composition. Title VIII: National Institute on Aging - (Sec. 802) Mandates research into the aging processes of women. Authorizes appropriations for the National Institute on Aging. Title IX: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - (Sec. 901) Includes tropical diseases in the purposes of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Authorizes grants or contracts for centers for research on chronic fatigue syndrome. Establishes an extramural study section. Title X: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development - (Sec. 1001) Mandates grants or contracts for centers on contraception and infertility. Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 1002) Establishes programs of: (1) agreements with health professionals to conduct research on contraception or infertility in return for educational loan repayment; and (2) obstetrics and gynecology intramural laboratory and clinical research. (Sec. 1021) Mandates child health research center support. (Sec. 1031) Mandates a longitudinal, large-scale study on the well-being of U.S. adolescents. Allocates funding. Title XI: National Eye Institute - (Sec. 1101) Authorizes grants for diabetic eye care clinical research centers. Title XII: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - (Sec. 1201) Mandates research on multiple sclerosis. Title XIII: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - (Sec. 1301) Establishes the Applied Toxicological Research and Testing Program. Title XIV: National Library of Medicine - (Sec. 1401) Increases the limit on grants to medical libraries and related instrumentalities. Authorizes appropriations for the National Library of Medicine. Mandates grants for new educational technologies research. Establishes the National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology. Title XV: Other Agencies of National Institutes of Health - (Sec. 1502) Authorizes grants to alter or construct research facilities. Establishes the Scientific and Technical Review Board on Biomedical and Behavioral Research Facilities. Authorizes appropriations. Reserves funds to construct or improve regional primate research centers. (Sec.1511) Redesignates the National Center for Nursing Research as the National Institute for Nursing Research. (Sec. 1521) Makes the National Center for Human Genome Research an NIH agency. Includes the mapping and sequencing of individual genes in the purposes of the Center. Title XVI: Awards and Training - (Sec.1601) Provides for research recruitment and training for women and members from underrepresented minority groups. (Sec. 1602) Changes service requirements imposed on individuals receiving National Research Service Awards. (Sec. 1611) Modifies existing and authorizes or mandates various new programs of scholarships and loan repayments for health professionals' education in exchange for specified service. (Sec. 1641) Authorizes appropriations related to National Research Service Awards, modifying set-aside requirements. Title XVII: National Foundation for Biomedical Research - (Sec. 1701) Establishes the National Foundation for Biomedical Research. Requires the Foundation to establish a fund: (1) to provide endowments for NIH positions; and (2) consisting of non-Federal donations. Mandates grants to the Foundation for administrative expenses. Authorizes appropriations and other NIH funds for the grants. Title XVIII: Research with Respect to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome - (Sec. 1801) Modifies the duties of: (1) the AIDS Clinical Research Review Committee; and (2) the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinical evaluation units at the National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Modifies international AIDS efforts support requirements. Authorizes appropriations. Requires that model protocols for clinical AIDS care include treatment and prevention for women. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the AIDS epidemiological data base to include information on the natural history of AIDS infection. Authorizes appropriations. Revises provisions establishing the Office of AIDS Research and setting forth its special authorities (currently, provisions establishing such Office and setting forth special authorities of the NIH Director), including: (1) developing an NIH AIDS budget; (2) developing a comprehensive, long-range NIH AIDS research plan; and (3) establishing AIDS coordinating groups for each research discipline. Establishes the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council. Mandates availability of a certain amount for an AIDS research discretionary fund. Authorizes appropriations for fellowship and training programs relating to AIDS. Title XIX: Studies - (Sec. 1901) Mandates studies regarding AIDS on: (1) parallel-track drug-release mechanisms; (2) third-party payment incident to participation as subjects in clinical trials; and (3) coordination of AIDS advisory committees. Requires a plan for the inclusion in NIH human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine studies of women, infants, and children infected with the HIV. Authorizes appropriations. (Sec. 1902) Requires studies on malnutrition and the elderly. Establishes an advisory panel. (Sec. 1903) Mandates reports or studies on NIH: (1) research on chronic fatigue syndrome; (2) assuming responsibility for all Federal research relating to medical countermeasures against biowarfare; (3) support staff retention, recruitment, vacancy, and turnover rates; and (4) procurement. (Sec. 1907) mandates reports on: (1) the leading causes of death in the United States; and (2) whether there is a relationship between legal drug use and the use or abuse of illegal drugs. Title XX: Miscellaneous Provisions - (Sec. 2001) Redesignates the Senior Biomedical Research Service as the Silvio O. Conte Senior Biomedical Research Service and increases the limit on the number of its members. (Sec. 2002) Requires that the Public Health Service (PHS) be administered by the Assistant Secretary of Health (currently, by the Surgeon General). Adds the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research to the list of PHS agencies. (Sec. 2004) Mandates a master plan to replace or refurbish NIH infrastructure. (Sec. 2006) Authorizes appropriations (currently, authorizes the use of funds) to carry out cancer registries provisions. (Sec. 2007) Prohibits conducting or supporting the SHARP survey of adult sexual behavior or the American Teenage Study of Adolescent sexual behavior. (Sec. 2008) Mandates a report on bioengineering and biomaterials sciences. Title XXI: Effective Date - (Sec. 2101) Sets forth the effective date of this Act and its amendments.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Designates May 3 through 9, 1993, as Public Service Recognition Week.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: General Requirements for Leave Title II: Leave for Civil Service Employees Title III: Commission on Leave Title IV: Miscellaneous Provisions Title V: Coverage of Congressional Employees Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 - Title I: General Requirements for Leave - Establishes requirements for unpaid family and medical leave for permanent employees. (Sec. 101) Makes employees eligible for such leave if they have been employed, by the employer from whom leave is sought, for at least: (1) a total of 12 months; and (2) 1,250 hours of service during the previous 12-month period. (Excludes: (1) employees at worksites at which the employer employs less than 50 persons, if the total number of employees of that employer within 75 miles of that worksite is less than 50; and (2) Federal officers and employees covered under title II of this Act.) (Sec. 102) Entitles employees to 12 workweeks of leave during any 12-month period because of: (1) the birth of their child; (2) the placement of a child for their adoption or foster care; (3) their care of a child, spouse, or parent who has a serious health condition; or (4) their own serious health condition which makes them unable to perform the functions of their position. Conditions such leave for the birth or placement of a child as follows: (1) the entitlement ends 12 months after the birth or placement; and (2) such leave may not be taken intermittently unless employee and employer agree otherwise. Allows intermittent leave for necessary medical treatment of an employee or family member. Allows the employer to require a temporary transfer to an equivalent alternative position that better accommodates such intermittent leave. Allows all leave under this title to: (1) be taken on a reduced leave schedule, upon agreement with the employer; and (2) consist of unpaid leave, except under specified conditions when substitution of certain types of paid leave may be elected or required. Does not require an employer to provide paid sick or medical leave in any situation in which the employer would not normally provide any such paid leave. Provides that such unpaid leave shall not affect an employee's exempt status for purpose of certain wage and hour requirements under the Fair Standards Act of 1938. Requires employees to: (1) give at least 30 days' notice of the need for leave to which they are entitled under this Act, when foreseeable; and (2) make a reasonable effort to schedule medical treatment or supervision so as not to disrupt unduly the employer's operations, subject to approval of the health care provider. Allows limitation of the dual aggregate leave entitlement to 12 weeks in any 12-month period, in the case of spouses employed by the same employer, if such leave is for the birth or placement of a child or for the care of a sick parent. (Sec. 103) Sets forth conditions of certification for leave entitlements under this Act. (Sec. 104) Requires restoration of the employee to his or her position or an equivalent position upon return from such leave. Allows an employer to deny such restoration to certain highly compensated employees, under specified conditions (the highest paid ten percent of the employer's employees within a 75-mile radius of a facility; the denial must be necessary to prevent substantial and grievous economic injury to the employer's operations). Requires maintenance of employee health benefits during such leave. (Sec. 105) Prohibits interference with or discrimination against employees exercising rights under this title. (Sec. 106) Sets forth the investigative authority of the Secretary of Labor under this title. (Sec. 107) Provides for enforcement of this Act. Provides for administrative and civil actions. Makes an employer who violates this title's prohibitions against interference or discrimination liable for damages in the amount of: (1) any wages, salary, employment benefits, or other compensation denied or lost; (2) (where such compensation has not been denied or lost) any actual monetary losses, such as the cost of providing care; (3) interest on such losses; and (4) liquidated damages under certain conditions. Makes such employers also liable for appropriate equitable relief, including, without limitation, employment, reinstatement, and promotion. Sets forth provisions for attorney's fees, limitation of actions, injunctions, other equitable relief, and the Solicitor of Labor's role in such litigation. (Sec. 108) Sets forth special rules concerning employees of local educational agencies and of private elementary and secondary schools. (Sec. 109) Sets forth requirements for posting notice and for fines. Title II: Leave for Civil Service Employees - (Sec. 201) Entitles eligible civil service employees to family and temporary medical leave for specified periods. Allows up to 12 administrative workweeks of leave without pay (or substituted paid leave) in any 12-month period for: (1) family leave (i.e., leave because of the birth or placement of a child or care of a sick spouse, child, or parent); or (2) temporary medical leave for a serious health condition that makes the employee unable to perform the functions of their position. Sets forth: (1) requirements for employees to give prior notice; (2) certification provisions; (3) protections for job position and health insurance benefits; and (4) prohibitions against coercion. Requires the Office of Personnel Management to prescribe regulations for this title which are consistent with the regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Labor under title I of this Act. Title III: Commission on Leave - (Sec. 301) Establishes the Commission on Leave. (Sec. 302) Requires the Commission to conduct a comprehensive study of: (1) existing and proposed leave policies; (2) the potential costs, benefits, and impact on productivity of such policies on employers; and (3) alternative and equivalent State enforcement of this Act with respect to employees of local educational agencies and private schools. Requires the Commission to report on such study to the Congress within two years after the Commission first meets. (Sec. 306) Terminates the Commission within 30 days after its report to the Congress. Title IV: Miscellaneous Provisions - (Sec. 401 and Sec. 402) Sets forth the effect of this Act on other laws and existing employment benefits. (Sec. 403) Provides that nothing in this Act shall be construed to discourage employers from adopting more generous leave policies. (Sec. 404) Directs the Secretary of Labor to prescribe regulations to carry out this title (except those provisions applicable to the Senate) within 60 days. Title V: Coverage of Congressional Employees - (Sec. 501) Applies the rights and protections established under specified provisions of title I of this Act to Senate employees. Makes specified provisions of the Government Employee Rights Act of 1991 applicable, with certain exceptions. Provides that allegations shall be considered by the Office of Senate Fair Employment Practices or another entity designated by the Senate. Requires such Office to ensure that Senate employees are informed of their rights under this Act. (Sec. 502) Applies the rights and protections under title I of this Act to employees of the House of Representatives, except for the exemption concerning highly compensated employees. Makes the remedies and procedures under the Fair Employment Practices Resolution applicable in administering such coverage.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Equal Remedies Act of 1993 - Amends Federal law relating to damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination to remove provisions limiting the dollar amount of damages awarded for pecuniary and nonpecuniary losses and punitive damages.
United States · United States Congress · 21 January 1993
Amends rule XXV of the Standing Rules of the Senate to revise current committee structure by designating the following standing committees of the Senate: (1) National Priorities; (2) Agricultural Policy; (3) Defense Policy; (4) Commercial Policy; (5) Economic Policy; (6) Energy Policy; (7) Environmental Policy; (8) Foreign Policy; (9) Governmental Policy; (10) Judicial Policy; (11) Social Policy; (12) Native American Programs; (13) Senior American Programs; (14) Veteran American Programs; and (15) Entrepreneurial American Programs. Maintains the committees on Rules, Ethics, and Intelligence. Sets forth procedures for making committee assignments. Provides that each standing committee shall be responsible for appropriations legislation.
United States · United States Congress · 8 October 1992
Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to cite conditions under which it shall not be unlawful for members of exchanges and associated persons to effect a transaction for an account with respect to which they exercise investment discretion. Permits transactions for such a managed account (without the involvement of an independent floor broker) if the member or associated person: (1) has obtained express authorization from the person or persons authorized to transact business for the account before engaging in the practice of effecting such transactions; (2) furnishes the persons authorized to transact business for the account with a statement at least annually disclosing the aggregate compensation received by the exchange member in effecting such transactions; and (3) complies with any rules the Securities and Exchange Commission has prescribed with respect to such requirements.
United States · United States Congress · 28 September 1992
Designates May 2 through 8, 1993, as National Walking Week.
United States · United States Congress · 28 September 1992
Declares that the President should promptly seek the advice and consent of the Senate to ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly with the support of the United States on November 20, 1989.
United States · United States Congress · 17 September 1992
Authorizes the President, on behalf of the Congress, to present a gold medal to John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie in recognition of his accomplishments as a musician. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to provide for the sale of bronze duplicates of the medal.
United States · United States Congress · 17 September 1992
Designates the week beginning October 24, 1992, as World Population Awareness Week.
United States · United States Congress · 15 September 1992
Designates September 18, 1992, as National POW/MIA Recognition Day. Requires the POW/MIA flag to be flown on a flagstaff of the White House, the Departments of State, Defense, and Veterans Affairs, the Selective Service Commission, each national cemetery, and the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial on such day. Requires the flag to be flown on a flagstaff of each national cemetery and the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial on May 30, 1993 (Memorial Day), and on November 11, 1992 (Veterans Day). States that the flag shall be displayed as a symbol of national concern and commitment to resolving the fates of Americans still prisoner, missing, and unaccounted for.
United States · United States Congress · 10 September 1992
Designates the U.S. courthouse to be constructed in Fargo, North Dakota, as the Quentin N. Burdick United States Courthouse.
United States · United States Congress · 9 September 1992
Denies nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) of the products of Serbia or Montenegro unless the President certifies to the Congress that such nation: (1) has made significant progress toward complying with the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (also known as the "Helsinki Final Act"), particularly with regard to human rights and humanitarian affairs as well as respect for minority rights in Kosovo and Vojvodina; (2) has ceased its armed conflict with other ethnic peoples of the region formerly comprising the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; (3) has ceased support of Serbian forces inside Bosnia-Hercegovina; and (4) has agreed to respect the borders of the six former Yugoslavian republics.
United States · United States Congress · 8 September 1992
Expresses the profound sorrow of the Senate on the death of the Honorable Quentin N. Burdick of North Dakota.
United States · United States Congress · 12 August 1992
World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins Act - Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should recognize the 50th anniversary of World War II by minting and issuing commemorative coins for the anniversaries of: (1) World War II; (2) the Battle of Normandy; and (3) "D-Day." Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) issue and mint such coins in five-dollar gold, one-dollar silver, and half-dollar clad denominations; and (2) determine the role that the American Battle Monuments Commission and the Battle of Normandy Foundation shall have in coin promotion and marketing. Mandates that surcharges received from the sale of such coins be deposited in a coinage profit fund and allocated, upon separate congressional authorization, to the American Battle Monuments Commission to establish a World War II memorial and to the Battle of Normandy Foundation to dedicate, on the 50th anniversary of D-Day and Battle of Normandy Memorial in Normandy, France. Directs the Secretary to report semiannually to the Congress regarding implementation of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 12 August 1992
Antarctic Environmental Protection Protocol Act of 1992 - Directs the Secretary of State to appoint a U.S. officer or employee as the U.S. representative to the Committee for Environmental Protection (Committee) under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Treaty) (done at Madrid in October 1991). Makes it unlawful for any person to: (1) conduct an activity within Antarctica in a manner inconsistent with the Protocol; (2) engage in, finance, or knowingly provide assistance to any Antarctica mineral resource activity; (3) introduce a prohibited product within Antarctica (defined as polychlorinated biphenyls, nonsterile soils, polystyrene or similar packaging, pesticides, and other designated products); (4) conduct open burning, operate a landfill at a U.S. coastal facility, or operate an incinerator after December 31, 1994; (5) bring a dog into Antarctica; (6) use leaded fuel at a U.S. facility within Antarctica or in any vessel or aircraft subject to U.S. jurisdiction; (7) transport passengers to, from, or within Antarctica by a vessel subject to U.S. jurisdiction unless the owner or operator is required to comply with the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships; (8) discharge untreated sewage into Antarctic waters or onto Antarctic ice shelves; (9) engage in specified activities without a permit; (10) violate any terms of this Act; (11) ship, sell, purchase, import, export, or have control of a native bird, mammal, plant, invertebrate, or mineral resource which the person knows was taken in violation of this Act; (12) refuse to permit an authorized U.S. employee to board a U.S. vessel subject to U.S. jurisdiction for conducting any search or inspection in connection with enforcement; or (13) interfere with any search or resist a lawful arrest or detention or interfere with such an arrest or detention. Waives the prohibition on activities conducted without a permit under emergency circumstances to prevent the loss of human life or involving the safety of a ship or aircraft. Prohibits the following activities in Antarctica, except in accordance with a permit: (1) the conduct of an expedition of more than ten persons to, from, or within Antarctica; (2) the operation of U.S. facilities within Antarctica, including the construction or decommissioning of a U.S. base, building, or airfield; (3) taking within Antarctica a native mammal, bird, or plant in such quantities that their local distribution or abundance would be significantly affected; (4) taking within Antarctica a specially protected species; (5) introducing an animal or plant not indigenous to Antarctica; (6) entering a specially protected area; or (7) operating an incinerator on or prior to December 31, 1994. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere, to issue general permits for any category of such activities if the activities are similar in nature and will cause no more than a minor environmental impact when performed cumulatively. Establishes a specific procedure for permit applications requesting authority to undertake actions with respect to: (1) native marine mammals covered by the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972; (2) endangered or threatened species; (3) native birds protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act; or (4) the discharge of treated sewage into Antarctic waters or onto Antarctic ice shelves. Prohibits the issuance of a permit unless there is sufficient information to assess possible environmental impacts and if required, an environmental impact statement (EIS) has been prepared and circulated to Treaty parties and to the Committee. Provides that permits which authorize any taking may only be issued for providing specimens for scientific study or institutions or for the unavoidable consequences of scientific research activities and shall ensure that only small numbers are taken, the variety of the species and balance of the ecological systems are maintained, and the taking is determined by peer review to further a bona fide scientific purpose. Authorizes permits for takings of specially protected species to be issued only if: (1) there is a compelling scientific purpose as determined by peer review of the proposed permit; (2) the actions authorized will not jeopardize any existing natural ecological systems or the survival or recovery of the species; and (3) nonlethal techniques are used, if appropriate. Requires permits which authorize the introduction of any nonindigenous animal or plant to be issued only for animals and plants to be used in a laboratory and requires the removal of such plants or animals from Antarctica prior to the expiration of the permit, unless they pose no risk to native mammals, birds, or plants. Authorizes the issuance of a permit that allows the entry into any specially protected area only if: (1) there is a compelling scientific purpose for the entry; and (2) the actions will not jeopardize the natural ecological system and are in accordance with any management plan. Authorizes permits for the operation of U.S. facilities within Antarctica to be issued for five-year periods. Provides for annual inspections of such facilities and permit renewals, as appropriate. Requires permits which authorize the construction or operation of incinerators to: (1) ensure that emissions are reduced to the maximum extent practicable; (2) restrict the material which may be incinerated to food and food-contaminated waste; and (3) prohibit the operation of incinerators after 1994 unless the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary, reports to the Congress that there is no alternative for the disposal of food. Requires permits which authorize the disposal of sewage within Antarctica to minimize environmental impacts. Provides that permits which authorize expeditions of ten or more passengers to, from, or within Antarctica may be: (1) effective for up to three years; and (2) issued only if consistent with the Protocol and this Act and allow observers on vessels to monitor compliance. Permits judicial review of permit issuance decisions. Authorizes permit modification, suspension, or revocation. Provides for permit application fees. Requires Federal agencies planning to conduct activities in Antarctica to determine whether such activities will have more than a minor or transitory impact on the environment. Authorizes such activities if the agency monitors them to assess and verify the minor or transitory impact. Directs Federal agencies, if activities will have more than a minor or transitory environmental impact, to prepare an EIS. Directs the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary, to issue regulations establishing procedures for the environmental assessment of nongovernmental activities in Antarctica. Provides for review of an EIS by the Treaty parties and the Committee prior to permission for an activity to proceed. Directs the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary, to develop a plan for monitoring activities within Antarctica that have more than a minor or transitory environmental impact. Authorizes the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary, to conduct a program for monitoring the health of the waters of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean as part of a global ocean observing system. Directs the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary, to develop requirements for contingency plans for response to incidents with adverse environmental impacts in Antarctica. Requires the Secretary of State to circulate to all Treaty parties all inspection and compliance reports and all actions taken to ensure compliance with the Protocol and to bring to the attention of the other parties all known incidents of noncompliance with the Protocol by the nationals of those parties. Prescribes civil and criminal penalties for violations of this Act. Sets forth enforcement procedures and establishes authorities for searches and seizures and forfeitures. Amends the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships to apply Annex IV of the Protocol to all ships of U.S. registry and all ships under U.S. jurisdiction. Applies Protocol requirements to ships currently excluded from the requirements of such Act. Requires the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating to administer the Protocol. Directs the Secretary to ensure that such ships, before entering Antarctica, have: (1) sufficient capacity to retain all oil, noxious liquid substances, and garbage; and (2) concluded arrangements to discharge such substances at reception facilities outside of Antarctica. Makes enforcement and inspection provisions of the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships applicable to violations of the Protocol. Repeals the Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978 and the Antarctic Protection Act of 1990. Sets forth procedures with respect to acceptance of amendments to the Protocol. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the prohibition on Antarctic mineral resource activities should remain in effect permanently or indefinitely; (2) the Secretary of State should enter into negotiations with other Treaty parties to conclude an agreement on procedures for liability for damage arising from activities in Antarctica; and (3) the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary, should ensure that the results of all investigations relating to geological processes and structures are made available to the public.
United States · United States Congress · 6 August 1992
Designates March 1993 as Irish-American Heritage Month.
United States · United States Congress · 31 July 1992
Condemns the killing and destruction by the political factions in Somalia. Urges such factions to abide by the United Nations (UN) ceasefire and to allow the deployment of security forces to protect humanitarian relief deliveries and workers. Commends the efforts of UN Secretary-General Boutrous Ghali and his Special Envoy to Somalia, Ambassador Sahnoun. Pays tribute to the actions of relief agencies working in Somalia. Recognizes the July 27, 1992, statement of the President urging the UN to deploy a sufficient number of security guards to permit relief supplies to move into and within Somalia, and committing funds for such an effort. Calls upon: (1) the international community to immediately expand its relief efforts in Somalia; and (2) the President to work with the UN Security Council to deploy security guards immediately to assure that humanitarian relief gets to those most in need.
United States · United States Congress · 30 July 1992
Declares that it is U.S. policy to seek international agreements prohibiting the sale, transfer, or export; limiting the use; and terminating the production, possession, or deployment of antipersonnel landmines. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should seek to negotiate an international agreement or a modification of the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or To Have Indiscriminate Effects to prohibit the sale, transfer, or export of antipersonnel landmines. Prohibits for a period of one year from this Act's enactment date: (1) sales, financing, transfers, and the issuance of licenses under the Arms Export Control with respect to antipersonnel landmines; and (2) assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 with respect to the provision of such landmines.
United States · United States Congress · 28 July 1992
Comprehensive Services for Youth Act of 1992 - Title I: School-Based or School-Linked Health and Social Services Center Grants - Authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) (the Secretary), acting through the Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration (the Administrator), to award grants to eligible local community partnerships to coordinate and deliver comprehensive education, health, and social services to children or youth in school-based, school-linked, or community-based locations. Requires each such partnership to include: (1) a local health care provider with experience in delivering services to adolescents; (2) one or more local public schools; and (3) at least one community-based organization with a history of providing services to at-risk youth in the particular community. Requires broad-based community participation, through an expanded partnership or an advisory board, involving parents and youth to be served, teachers and other public shool and school board personnel, community-based organizations (particularly those serving minority youth), youth development and service organizations and interested business leaders. Requires targeting of the partnership's location and service to a community in which youth are exposed to a high risk environment. Describes high risk environment as having high rates of: (1) children in poverty or lacking access to health care; (2) dropouts and students retained in grade; (3) alcohol or drug abuse; (4) sexually transmitted diseases (including HIV); (5) teen pregnancy; (6) suicide; (7) community or gang violence; (8) youth unemployment; or (9) juvenile justice involvement. Requires partnership use of grant funds for coordination and delivery of specified core services at a school-based, school-linked, or community-based location or locations accessible to and used by at-risk children, youth, and their families. Sets forth such core services under the categories of: (1) comprehensive health, mental health, and social services; and (2) youth development and life planning services. Requires coordination among core services. Allows use of grant funds for coordination or co-location of core services with additional services identified in the comprehensive plan to enhance support available through the partnership service delivery network. Gives priority to grant applicants whose comprehensive services plan demonstrates: (1) continuity of access to core services on a year-round basis or beyond traditional school or service hours, either on site or through a backup referral system of community-based providers; and (2) the offer of services beyond the in-school population, including core services to out-of-school youth, to the extent practicable. Provides for an initial three-year grant period, and authorizes two-year extensions upon demonstration of substantial progress in integration of comprehensive services and improvement in health and education outcomes of the populations served. Sets forth application and plan requirements. Requires equitable geographic distribution of grants to both urban and rural communities. Sets minimum and maximum grant amounts. Sets forth provisions for Federal share, non-Federal share, and waivers of the latter. Requires grantees to use ten percent of such assistance to provide staff training (including teachers and school personnel) and to secure necessary technical assistance (through local community-based entities, to the maximum extent feasible). Authorizes the Secretary, acting through the Administrator, to award one-year nonrenewable planning grants to eligible entities that agree to establish a local community partnership to deliver comprehensive services. Sets forth application requirements. Requires use of such planning grants for: (1) assessments of needs and barriers to services; (2) for delivery planning and coordination of services; and (3) development of program goals and progress measurements. Limits to ten percent the portion of grant program funds which may be used for such planning grants. Limits the maximum amount of each planning grant. Title II: State and Local Coordinated Youth Services Grants - Subtitle A: Local Consortia Grants - Authorizes the Secretary, acting through the Administrator, to award grants to eligible consortia to coordinate and deliver comprehensive core education, health, and social services to at-risk youth through an integrated service delivery network directed by a consortium. Requires such consortia membership to include representatives from the local health department, local educational agency, health and social services providers and community-based organizations with a history of serving at-risk youth (including minority youth, dropouts, adolescent parents, and runaway or homeless youth), youth development organizations, juvenile justice personnel, and parents and the at-risk youth to be served. Requires specified financial or organizational commitments by consortium members. Subtitle B: Statewide Youth Services Center Grants - Authorizes the Secretary, acting through the Administrator, to award grants to eligible States to provide for coordination and delivery of comprehensive education, health, and social services to at-risk youth through the award of State grants to local community partnerships or corsortia. Requires States, to be eligible for such grants, to: (1) provide assurances of cooperative agreements among State education, health, and social services agencies concerning planned delivery of such comprehensive youth services; (2) demonstrate financial and organizational commitments; (3) currently support coordinated delivery of such services through a system of school-based, school-linked, or community-based comprehensive youth services centers; (4) document that services are prioritized among communities that have a high-risk environment for youth, as indicated by specified factors; and (5) meet certain application requirements. Subtitle C: Provisions Relating to Both Local and Statewide Grant Programs - Sets forth requirements for applications and use of grant funds for a consortium or State entity awarded a grant under subtitle A or B. Requires coordination and delivery of specified core services through a system of school-based, school-linked, or community-based youth centers to serve in-school and out-of-school youth and their families. Sets forth such core services under the categories of: (1) comprehensive health, mental health, and social services; and (2) youth development and life planning services. Requires coordination and co-location of delivery of existing core services into a broader system of health and social services centers accessible to in-school or out-of-school youth to use available resources more effectively before adding new resources or developing new services. Requires provision of outreach services to out-of-school youth (including adolescent parents and runaway and homeless youth), and coordination of core services with alternative education and job training and placement opportunities for such youth. Allows use of grant funds for: (1) coordination and co-location of core services with additional services to enhance the support available to at-risk youth and their families through the service delivery network; and (2) expansion of coordination and delivery of core services to the feeder elementary schools whose students will attend secondary schools currently providing core services. Sets forth grant application, plan formulation and content requirements. Provides for an initial three-year grant period, and authorizes two-year extensions upon demonstration of substantial progress in integration of comprehensive services and improvement in health and education outcomes of the youth served. Provides for an integration incentive. Authorizes the Secretary, in making a grant under this title, to make bonus amounts available as integration incentives. Specifies formulas for such bonuses. Authorizes the Secretary, acting through the Administrator, to award one-year nonrenewable planning grants to consortia or States. Sets forth application requirements. Requires the use of such funds to: (1) establish an administrative mechanism to develop and implement a citywide, countywide, or statewide system of school-based, school-linked, or community-based comprehensive youth services centers; (2) assess needs and barriers to services; (3) develop program goals and progress measurements; and (4) develop a strategic plan for coordination and delivery of comprehensive services to youth at school-based, school-linked, or community-based locations. Limits to ten percent the portion of grant program funds which may be used for such planning grants. Limits the maximum amount of each planning grant. Title III: Implementation Provisions - Makes ineligible for title I funds any community that: (1) is currently receiving State funds to deliver co-located education, health, and social services; or (2) will receive funding from a State funded under subtitle B of title II. Allows such a currently funded community partnership to form a consortium to seek funding for an expanded citywide or countywide youth services network under subtitle A of title II. Requires a local consortium operating in a locality receiving State funding for delivery of such co-located services to include participation from the entities receiving such State funding. Makes eligible for continued funding, at the completion of its five-year grant period under title I, a partnership that has expanded into a citywide or countywide consortium (as described under subtitle A of title II) or has become part of a statewide network (as described under subtitle B of title II). Directs the Secretary to consult with the Secretary of Education in developing program regulations to implement this Act. Directs the Secretary to disseminate information on programs under this Act and on successful and model programs and to provide technical assistance. Requires such information and assistance to be provided directly through the Health Resources and Services Administration as the administering agency and other Department of HHS agencies with appropriate expertise, or through grants and contracts with nonprofit organizations. Requires the Secretary to collaborate with the Departments of Education and Labor and the Commission on National and Community Service, in such information and technical assistance efforts. Sets forth annual reporting requirements for entities receiving funds under this Act, including analyses of progress at the end of the third year. Sets forth maintenance-of-effort requirements. Authorizes appropriations for titles I and II and for special projects of national significance under title IV. Title IV: Federal Coordinated Youth Services Initiatives - Directs the Secretary, acting through the Administrator, to establish and administer a special projects of national significance program to award direct grants to public and nonprofit private entities to fund model programs to integrate health and social services, including HIV prevention, provided to special populations of youth at risk. Bases grant awards on: (1) need to provide such services to such subpopulations; (2) need to assess effectiveness of a prevention or service model or collaboration strategy; and (3) potential replicability of proposed activities in other localities. Allows such special projects to include projects targeting youth who are: (1) runaway, homeless, or street youth; (2) immigrants or migrants; (3) in the juvenile justice system; (4) in foster care; (5) in gangs; (6) with a history of substance abuse; (7) with HIV disease; (8) adolescent parents; and (9) Native American. Amends the Augustus F. Hawkins Human Resources Reauthorization Act of 1990 to direct the Federal Council on Children, Youth, and Families to: (1) identify (and make recommendations to modify or eliminate) program regulations or practices that impede coordination and collaboration; (2) develop recommendations for creating jointly funded programs, unified assessments, eligibility, application procedures, and confidentiality regulations that facilitate information-sharing; and (3) make recommendations to the Congress on legislative action needed to facilitate coordination of educational, health, and social services for in-school and out-of-school youth. Directs the Secretary to submit to the Congress: (1) biannual reports, with summaries of annual grantee reports and progress assessments; and (2) a final evaluation report within four and a half years. Directs the Secretary to use the amount made available under specified provisions of the Public Health Service Act to conduct such evaluation.
United States · United States Congress · 28 July 1992
Prohibits a member of the armed forces or person seeking to become a member from being discriminated against by the armed forces on the basis of sexual orientation.
United States · United States Congress · 23 July 1992
Amends the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-164) to increase the number of weeks for which emergency unemployment compensation is payable.
United States · United States Congress · 22 July 1992
International Dolphin Conservation Act of 1992 - Amends the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 to authorize entering into international agreements establishing a global moratorium, for at least five years, prohibiting harvesting tuna using purse seine nets deployed on or to encircle dolphins or other marine mammals. Allows moratorium termination with respect to the United States before the year 2000 only if the Secretary of Commerce so recommends and the Congress approves. Specifies elements to be contained in such agreements, including requirements for: (1) research regarding tuna fishing methods; (2) review of research proposals by a competent regional organization; (3) the conduct of research by dedicated vessels, approved and observed by a component regional organization; (4) specified limits on the number of research sets and the total annual dolphin mortality; (5) establishment by the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission of a panel to report on limit compliance and an Advisory Board to guide research; (6) fair funding mechanisms for the research; (7) use of the proceeds from harvested tuna for the research; and (8) limiting use of U.S. funds to research on fishing methods not involving setting nets on dolphins. Requires review of all research proposals by the Marine Mammal Commission. Requires the Secretary, in certain circumstances, to recommend to the Congress whether the moratorium should be terminated. Prohibits a ban on the importation of yellowfin tuna or yellowfin tuna products from a nation which implements the moratorium and meets other requirements. Mandates such a ban regarding nations which do not implement the moratorium and the other requirements. Mandates a ban on the importation of fish and fish products (whose aggregate value is at least 40 percent of the aggregate value of all fish and fish products imported) from any nation that, 60 days after the tuna ban, still fails to implement all the requirements. Deems the failure of the Secretary to certify implementation to be a certification under the Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967. Imposes additional restrictions on the general permit issued to the American Tunaboat Association, including: (1) limiting total dolphin mortalities; (2) prohibiting deploying purse seine nets on or encircling dolphin schools including certain types of dolphin; and (3) terminating the permit on a specified date. Declares that an international agreement under this Act shall not supersede any provisions of the Act requiring a permit. Makes unlawful certain acts, including: (1) selling, purchasing, or transporting in the United States any tuna or tuna product that is not dolphin safe; (2) purposefully setting a purse seine net on or to encircle any marine mammal during tuna fishing; or (3) prohibiting, resisting, or interfering with inspections. Imposes civil and criminal penalties and subjects vessels, cargo, and fish to forfeiture for violations. Defines dolphin safe to mean: (1) not harvested using driftnets; and (2) depending on where harvested, either dolphin safe under specified provisions of the Dolphin Protection Consumer Information Act or certified as not harvested using purse seine nest set on or encircling dolphins. Authorizes appropriations to carry out provisions mandating inclusion in the agreements of research programs. Provides for a finding that a nation which imports yellowfin tuna and exports yellowfin tuna to the United States is not an intermediary nation. Amends the Tuna Conventions Act to require that, of the U.S. representatives on the International Commission for the Scientific Investigation of Tuna and the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, at least one be chosen from a nongovernmental conservation organization. Requires that the members of a related advisory committee be selected, in addition to other sources, from such an organization. Amends the South Pacific Tuna Act of 1988 to authorize appropriations to carry out a specified Treaty on Fisheries Between the Governments of Certain Pacific Island States and the United States and to carry out the Act.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Small Business Innovation Development Amendment Act of 1992 - Amends the Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982 to extend the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program from October 1, 1993, to October 1, 2000. Amends the Small Business Act regarding small business eligibility for Federal agency research and development awards to include in the three-phase evaluation process determining the technological feasibility of ideas those ideas which appear to have commercial potential. Prescribes minimum SBIR expenditure amounts for FY 1992 through 1997 and after. Requires each Federal agency that is required to establish an SBIR program to: (1) determine unilaterally research topics within its SBIR solicitations, giving special consideration to topics which permit substantial applicant participation in research project formulation; and (2) make payments in full to SBIR funding agreement recipients, subject to specified audit deadlines. Directs the Administrator of the Small Business Administration (the Administrator) to modify directives for the conduct of general SBIR policy to provide for: (1) rights to data; (2) continued use of agency property; (3) follow-on contracts; and (4) increased amounts of Phase 1 awards. Repeals the requirement for an annual report by the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Provides that if a Federal agency required to establish an SBIR program makes an SBIR solicitation award for which it shall provide written justification of such award in its next annual report. Requires the Comptroller General to report to the Congress on specified aspects of SBIR program implementation. Includes Department of Defense (DOD) activities in the extension of programs under this Act and requires the evaluation process for research and development awards to consider the commercial potential of ideas. Revises the definition of "extramural budget" to remove an exclusion that provides that such definition shall not include amounts of DOD obligated solely for operational systems development. Increases the amount required to be expended by DOD for SBIR. Establishes a maximum amount for SBIR contracts awarded by DOD in the first phase.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Women Veterans Sexual Trauma Services Act of 1992 - Requires a woman veteran who is diagnosed by a Department of Veterans Affairs health professional to be in need of counseling or treatment for sexual trauma to be furnished such care and services by the Department. Authorizes the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to enter into contracts with appropriate non-Department facilities in order to furnish such care and services. Directs the Secretary to report to the Senate and House Veterans' Affairs Committees on the use of such contracting authority. Prohibits any such contracts after September 30, 1994. Directs the Secretary to commence the provision of information and referrals by means of a toll-free telephone number of such available care and services in both Department and non-Department facilities. Requires the telephone information system to be operated at all times, and by personnel trained in providing information and referrals to sexual trauma victims. Directs the Secretary to study and report to the Congress on the needs of women veterans for counseling, medical care, and other services for sexual trauma. Directs the Secretary to make a comprehensive report to the Congress on such care and services furnished by the Department. Directs the Secretary and the Secretary of Defense to carry out a program to ensure that women who are being separated from active duty are provided information on the counseling, medical care, and other services and assistance relating to sexual trauma that are available under programs carried out by the Department. Directs the Secretary to report to the Congress the Secretary's: (1) assessment of the difficulties women veterans encounter in obtaining Department determinations that medical conditions relating to sexual trauma are service-connected, as well as the extent to which Department personnel fail to make such determinations; and (2) recommendation of actions to be taken to respond to such difficulties and eliminate such failures.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1992 - Prohibits any agency, department, or official of the United States or any State (the government) from burdening a person's exercise of religion even if the burden results from a rule of general applicability, except that the government may burden a person's exercise of religion only if it demonstrates that application of the burden to the person is: (1) essential to further a compelling governmental interest; and (2) the least restrictive means of furthering that compelling governmental interest. Sets forth provisions pertaining to judicial relief, attorney's fees, and applicability.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Waives certain provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act with respect to Federal advisory bodies established for national park system units. Provides that any member of such a body may serve after the expiration of his or her term until a successor is appointed.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Truth in Tax-Exempt Giving Act of 1992 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to require certain tax-exempt organizations to furnish each contributor, upon written request, a disclosure statement containing its gross income, expenses, disbursements, and information on certain highly compensated employees. Allows such organizations to charge a processing fee. Establishes a penalty for failure to provide a disclosure statement.
United States · United States Congress · 2 July 1992
Expresses the sense of the Senate that the President should expeditiously issue an executive order requiring all executive departments and agencies to declassify and release to the public (without compromising U.S. national security) all documents, files, and other materials pertaining to prisoners of war and missing in action.
United States · United States Congress · 1 July 1992
Information Infrastructure and Technology Act of 1992 - Amends the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 to require the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, through the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology, to establish an Information Infrastructure Program and five-year implementation plan that shall provide a coordinated interagency effort to develop technologies needed to apply high-performance computing and high-speed networking in education, libraries, health care, manufacturing, and other appropriate fields. Requires the plan to take into consideration the activities of the Library of Congress. Directs the establishment of an advisory committee, consisting of qualified industry and academia representatives, on high-performance computing and high-speed networking communications to independently assess plan progress. Requires Federal agency plan participants to report annually on high-performance computing activities. Directs the National Science Foundation and other appropriate agencies to provide for the development of advanced technologies for use in education, including pilot projects connecting primary and secondary schools to the Internet and the National Research and Education Network. Directs the National Institute of Standards and Technology to establish an Advanced Manufacturing Systems and Networking Project to create a collaborative multiyear technology development program. Directs the National Institutes of Health to develop technologies for applications in the health care sector, including application of testbed networks linking medical facilities and schools for the sharing of medical data and imagery. Calls for the development of technologies for digital libraries of electronic information, including the development of advanced data storage systems. Directs the National Science Foundation, working with the supercomputer centers it supports, to develop prototype digital libraries of scientific data, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to develop databases of software and remote-sensing images. Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 29 June 1992
National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1992 - Subtitle A: Definitions - Defines specified terms under the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 and the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968. Subtitle B: Compliance and Increased Participation - Amends the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 to prohibit the waiver of current mandatory flood purchase insurance requirements with respect to financial assistance for property in a flood hazard area. Expands flood insurance purchase requirements. Requires lenders to review outstanding loans to determine whether they are in compliance with mandatory flood insurance purchase requirements. Authorizes lenders to charge borrowers a fee for such service. Exempts lenders from such requirement who have a specified accuracy for flood hazard determinations for outstanding loans, or who have conducted satisfactory loan reviews, or have regularly provided for escrow of flood insurance premiums. Requires residential real estate lenders to establish flood insurance premium escrow accounts. Imposes a fine for lenders failing to require flood insurance or to give proper notice under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968. Requires the seller-transferor of a residential-secured loan in a flood hazard area to so notify the purchaser-transferee unless a flood hazard determination has been made within the previous five years. Revises flood insurance notice requirements. Amends the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to require the development of a standard hazard determination form. Amends the Federal Financial Institutions Examinations Council Act of 1978 to direct the Financial Examinations Council to coordinate with Federal entities for lending regulation to develop uniform lender standards. Subtitle C: Ratings and Incentives for Community Floodplain Management Programs - Amends the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to provide for a community rating system and premium rate incentives for community floodplain management. Provides program funding. Subtitle D: Mitigation of Flood and Erosion Risks - Amends the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 to establish an Office of Mitigation Assistance to carry out flood and coastal erosion mitigation activities under the Federal Insurance Administrator. Amends the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to make mitigation assistance grants available to eligible States and communities. Includes among eligible grant activities property elevation, relocation, flood-proofing, and acquisition. Authorizes mitigation activity technical assistance. Sets forth: (1) assistance limits; and (2) matching requirements. Establishes in the Treasury the National Flood Mitigation Fund to be available for such mitigation assistance grants. Provides for an insurance premium mitigation surcharge to be paid into such Fund. Authorizes a mitigation transition pilot program to be carried out through the Office of Mitigation Assistance. Repeals (with a transition period) the current program for the purchase of certain insured properties. Establishes a program to reduce coastal erosion hazards. Provides for community and erosion hazard identification and publication. Establishes a specified premium increase for flood and erosion dual risk hazard areas located in non-Community Rating System communities. Limits flood insurance availability for properties in erosion hazard areas. Repeals (with a transition period) current claims provisions for iminent collapse and subsidence through flood insurance claims. Requires the Director (Director) of the Federal Emergency Management Agency to conduct a riverine erosion study. Requires the Director to coordinate coastal zone management programs with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and with the States. Subtitle E: Flood Insurance Task Force - Establishes a two-year interagency Flood Insurance Task Force which shall: (1) develop standardized flood insurance enforcement procedures and guidelines; (2) conduct a study of the extent to which the secondary mortgage market can assist enforcement; and (3) conduct a study of the extent to which existing Federal and corporate flood insurance programs can serve as a model for other Federal compliance agencies. States that the Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall constitute a select subcommittee dealing with floodplain functions and protection. Subtitle F: Miscellaneous Provisions - Amends the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to: (1) increase flood insurance coverage amounts for nonresidential, single family, and multifamily structures; (2) permit flood insurance private sector participation; and (3) require at least every five years an assessment (and revision if necessary) of flood insurance maps. Permits use of the national flood insurance fund for revising floodplain areas, flood-risk zones, and erosion-hazard areas. Requires the Director to conduct studies of: (1) construction of certain agricultural buildings to minimize flood damage; and (2) increased insurance coverages for flood damage repair costs. Requires the Chairman of the President's Council on Environmental Quality to submit a floodplain management report to the President and to the Congress.
United States · United States Congress · 25 June 1992
National Institutes of Health Revitalization Amendments of 1992 - Title I: General Provisions Regarding title IV of Public Health Service Act - Subtitle A: Research Freedom - Part I: Review of Proposals for Biomedical and Behavioral Research - Amends the Public Health Service Act to prohibit the Secretary of Health and Human Services from approving certain research or financial assistance to conduct research unless specified review has taken place and the review entity has recommended approval. Prohibits the Secretary from withholding, on ethical grounds, funding for research that has received such review approval unless: (1) an ethics advisory board recommends the withholding; or (2) such a board recommends against withholding, but the Secretary finds that the recommendation is arbitrary and capricious. Part II: Research on Transplantation of Fetal Tissue - Permits the Secretary to conduct or support research on the transplantation of human fetal tissue for therapeutic purposes regardless of whether the tissue is obtained from a spontaneous or induced abortion or a stillbirth, in accordance with State and local law. Requires the researcher, if the tissue bank established under a specified executive order is in operation, to obtain the tissue from that bank, unless the bank does not provide requested tissue within a specified time of a request. Requires certain statements by the woman providing the tissue, the researcher, and the donee. Imposes criminal penalties for certain commercial transactions involving the transfer or directed donation of human fetal tissue. Prohibits: (1) any official of the executive branch from imposing a policy prohibiting the Department of Health and Human Services from conducting or supporting any research on the transplantation of human fetal tissue for therapeutic purposes; and (2) the Secretary from withholding funds for research which is in accordance with this Act. Deems a specified report of the Human Fetal Tissue Transplantation Research Panel to be a report issued by an ethics advisory board finding, on a basis that is neither arbitrary nor capricious, that there are no ethical grounds for withholding funds for such research. Part III: Miscellaneous Repeals - Removes certain provisions of the Public Health Service Act relating to: (1) biomedical ethics; (2) a study by the Biomedical Ethics Advisory Committee on waiver of a specified risk standard; and (3) the construction of title IV (National Research Institutes) of the Act. Subtitle B: Clinical Research Equity Regarding Women and Minorities - Part I: Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical Research - Requires that women and minorities be included as subjects in each clinical research project under such title IV. Requires projects to be designed and carried out so as to provide for an analysis of whether the variables being tested affect women or minorities differently than other subjects. Requires the establishment of inclusion guidelines. Requires that technical and scientific peer review conducted under existing provisions include an evaluation of the merit of the proposal regarding women and minorities. Part II: Office of Research on Women's Health - Establishes in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) the Office of Research on Women's Health. Requires the Director of the Office to establish: (1) the Coordinating Committee on Research on Women's Health; and (2) the Advisory Committee on Research on Women's Health. Mandates: (1) a determination of the extent to which women are represented among senior physicians and scientists of the national research institutes and among those conducting research supported by the institutes; and (2) as appropriate, activities to increase the extent of such representation. Requires establishment of: (1) a data system, available to the public, for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information regarding research on women's health conducted or supported by the institutes; and (2) a program to provide information on research and prevention activities of the institutes relating to women's health research. Subtitle C: Scientific Integrity - Replaces provisions relating to protection against scientific fraud with provisions establishing as an independent entity in the Department of Health and Human Services the Office of Scientific Integrity. Requires: (1) applicants for a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement under the Act for biomedical or behavioral research to have an administrative process to review reports of scientific misconduct and agree to report any investigation of such reports; and (2) a response process for the Office. Establishes the Commission on Scientific Integrity. Provides for employee whistle blower protection. Mandates measures for identifying, responding to, and reporting the existence of a financial interest that will or may create a bias in favor of obtaining results, in a project to evaluate the safety or effectiveness of a drug, medical device, or treatment, that are consistent with the interest. Title II: Protection of Health Facilities - Prohibits stealing or otherwise converting personal property or damaging real property of a health facility assisted under the Public Health Service Act, or deterring, through physical restraint, any individual from entering or exiting the facility. Includes in the prohibitions various acts interfering with the use of animals for research. Provides for fines, imprisonment, restitution, and private civil actions. Title III: National Institutes of Health in General - Modifies the duties of the NIH's Associate Director for Prevention. Establishes a program to enhance the competitiveness of research entities in States which have historically had low success in obtaining funds from the national research institutes for biomedical and behavioral research. Mandates activities, consistent with the global Children's Vaccine Initiative, to develop affordable new and improved vaccines. Authorizes appropriations. Requires a plan regarding research methods that do not require the use of animals, reduce the number of animals used, and produce less distress in the animals. Establishes the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Use of Animals in Research. Repeals similar provisions. Authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services to conduct and support research, research training, recruitment, and other activities to increase the number of women and individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds in biomedical and behavioral research. Requires that any survey of human sexual behavior conducted or supported through NIH: (1) undergo review in accordance with specified provisions; and (2) have been determined by the Secretary to assist in reducing the incidence of infectious disease or improve health conditions. Establishes a fund for use by the NIH Director to carry to carry out NIH activities. Authorizes appropriations. Modifies the term of office of members of advisory councils of the national research institutes. Requires that at least half of all new or revised health education and promotion materials developed or funded by NIH be in a form that does not exceed a level of functional literacy. Authorizes a program to provide day care service for NIH employees. Title IV: General Provisions Respecting National Research Institutes - Requires that the Secretary receive from the President and the Office of Management and Budget directly all funds appropriated by the Congress for obligation and expenditure by the Institute. Removes provisions authorizing the Director of the National Cancer Institute to directly receive such funds. Modifies the authority of the directors of the national research institutes to establish and appoint the members of technical and scientific peer review groups in addition to those appointed under specified provisions. Makes the Federal Advisory Committee Act inapplicable to such additional groups. Requires expansion and intensification of programs of research and related activities concerning osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and related bone disorders. Provides for the establishment, through a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract, of a clearinghouse to enhance knowledge and understanding of professionals, patients, and the public. Authorizes appropriations. Establishes: (1) a comprehensive program of conducting basic and clinical research on trauma, including diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and general management of trauma; and (2) the Trauma Research Interagency Coordinating Committee. Title V: National Cancer Institute - Requires expanding, intensifying, and coordinating the activities of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) regarding breast and ovarian cancer, other cancers of the reproductive system of women, and prostate cancer. Requires inclusion of the conduct and support of research and demonstration centers. Authorizes appropriations. Removes provisions authorizing appropriations for NCI and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Title VI: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute - Requires NHLBI to conduct intramural training and education. Authorizes development of three centers for basic and clinical research into, training in, and demonstration of, advanced diagnosis, prevention, and treatment for cardiovascular diseases in children. Authorizes appropriations for NHLBI. Title VII: National Institute on Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - Establishes a program of conducting and supporting research, training, health information dissemination, and other activities regarding nutritional disorders, including obesity. Provides for the development or substantial expansion of centers for research and training. Title VIII: National Institute on Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases - Removes provisions stating that the purpose of the National Institute on Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMSD) includes sports-related injuries. Requires NIAMSD to place emphasis on arthritis affecting children. Establishes a multipurpose arthritis and musculoskeletal disease center focusing on children. Modifies the composition of the National Arthritis Advisory Board and its annual report requirements. Title IX: National Institute on Aging - Transfers to the Public Health Service Act provisions of the Health Research Extension Act of 1985 authorizing a grant to develop a registry for epidemiological data on Alzheimer's disease and related data collection training. Removes the existing authorization of appropriations. Mandates research into the aging processes of women, with particular emphasis on menopause and into the diagnosis, disorders, and complications related to aging and loss of ovarian hormones. Authorizes appropriations for the National Institute on Aging. Title X: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - Includes programs regarding tropical diseases in the purposes of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Authorizes grants or contracts for centers to conduct basic and clinical research on chronic fatigue syndrome. Establishes an extramural study section for the syndrome. Title XI: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development - Subtitle A: Research Centers with Respect to Contraception and Research Centers with Respect to Infertility - Mandates grants or contracts for three centers to conduct activities to improve methods of contraception and two centers to conduct activities to improve methods of diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Authorizes appropriations. Establishes a program of agreements with health professionals, including graduate students, to conduct research on contraception or infertility in consideration of the Government repaying a limited amount of the educational loans of the professionals. Subtitle B: Program Regarding Obstetrics and Gynecology - Establishes in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD) an intramural laboratory and clinical research program in obstetrics and gynecology. Subtitle C: Child Health Research Centers - Mandates development of and support for centers for conducting research on child health. Subtitle D: Study Regarding Adolescent Health - Mandates a longitudinal, large-scale study on the general health and well-being of adolescents in the United States. Allocates funding from amounts appropriated to NICHHD. Title XII: National Eye Institute - Authorizes not more than three grants for the establishment and support of centers for clinical research on eye care for individuals with diabetes. Allows grant funds to be used for equipment and for construction and modification of facilities. Title XIII: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Mandates the conduct and support of research on multiple sclerosis. Title XIV: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - Establishes the Applied Toxicological Research and Testing Program. Title XV: National Library of Medicine - Subtitle A: General Provisions - Directs the Secretary to promote the use of computers and telecommunications by health professionals. Increases the dollar limit on grants to medical libraries and related instrumentalities. Authorizes appropriations for the National Library of Medicine (NLM). Subtitle B: Financial Assistance - Mandates grants for research on, and development and demonstration of, new educational technologies. Requires recipient institutions to make grant projects available for: (1) training health professions students; and (2) enhancing the capabilities of health professionals regarding research and teaching. Authorizes appropriations to carry out provisions relating to medical libraries and related matters. Subtitle C: National Center for Biotechnology Information - Authorizes appropriations to carry out provisions relating to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Subtitle D: National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology - Establishes in NLM the National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology to collect, analyze, and disseminate information on health services research and health care technology. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the Administrator of the existing information center on health care technologies and health care technology assessment and the NLM Director to enter into an agreement on the implementation of these provisions. Title XVI: Other Agencies of National Institutes of Health - Subtitle A: Division of Research Resources - Redesignates the Division of Research Resources as the National Center for Research Resources. Authorizes grants to alter existing or construct new research facilities. Establishes the Scientific and Technical Review Board on Biomedical and Behavioral Research Facilities to advise the Center director and the existing advisory council. Conditions grant approval on Board approval. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the NIH Director to reserve a specified sum from amounts appropriated under this authorization for grants and contracts to construct or improve regional centers for research on primates. Subtitle B: National Center for Nursing Research - Redesignates the National Center for Nursing Research as the National Institute for Nursing Research and adds the Institute to the list of NIH's national research institutes. Subtitle C: National Center for Human Genome Research - Adds the National Center for Human Genome Research to the list of NIH agencies. Declares the purpose of the Center to be to characterize the structure and function of the human genome, including the mapping and sequencing of individual genes. Title XVII: Awards and Training - Subtitle A: National Research Service Awards - Directs the Secretary to carry out provisions relating to National Research Service Awards in a manner that will recruit into biomedical or behavioral research, and provide research training to, women and individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. Subtitle B: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome - Modifies a program of agreements (under which certain health professionals conduct research regarding acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as NIH employees in consideration of Government repayment of educational loans) to remove provisions requiring a minimum of three years as an NIH employee. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Commissioner of Food and Drugs to carry out a similar program regarding the review of applications concerning AIDS. Subtitle C: Loan Repayment for Research Generally - Mandates a program of agreements with health professionals who have a substantial amount of educational loans relative to income and who meet other requirements to conduct research, as NIH employees, in consideration of Government repayment of a limited amount of the educational loans of the professionals. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle D: Scholarship and Loan Repayment Programs Regarding Professional Skills Needed by Certain Agencies - Authorizes a program of contracts with individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds for scholarships for undergraduate programs for professions needed by NIH in consideration of service by the individuals as NIH employees. Authorizes a program of contracts with health professionals from disadvantaged backgrounds who have a substantial amount of educational loans relative to income to conduct clinical research as NIH employees in consideration of the Government repaying a limited amount of the educational loans of the professionals. Subtitle D: (SIC) Funding - Authorizes appropriations for making payments under National Research Service Awards and under grants for such Awards. Modifies set-aside amounts and requires a set-aside for provisions relating to residency programs in the general practice of dentistry. Title XVIII: National Foundation for Biomedical Research - Excludes from voting rights the ex officio members of the National Foundation for Biomedical Research. Authorizes appropriations. Title XIX: Research with Respect to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome - Modifies the duties of the AIDS Clinical Research Review Committee, including requiring the Committee to: (1) give advice to other agencies of NIH as well as to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); and (2) make recommendations on research projects regarding diagnosing immune deficiency and predicting, diagnosing, preventing, and treating opportunistic cancers and infectious diseases. States that the requirement that the clinical evaluation units at the National Cancer Institute and NIAID conduct evaluations of treatments for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) includes evaluations of methods of: (1) diagnosing immune deficiency; and (2) predicting, diagnosing, preventing, and treating opportunistic cancers and infectious diseases. Modifies provisions relating to the support of international efforts to add to the purpose of grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts for such efforts provisions promoting and expediting: (1) international training; (2) research and training concerning the natural history and pathogenesis of the human immunodeficiency virus; and (3) the development and evaluation of vaccines and treatments for opportunistic infections. Authorizes appropriations for each fiscal year. Requires that model protocols (developed with grants under existing provisions) for the clinical care of individuals infected with the etiologic agent for AIDS include treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and related conditions among women. Authorizes appropriations. Adds collection of data on the natural history of infection with the etiologic agent to the purposes of the epidemiological data base mandated by current provisions. Authorizes appropriations for each fiscal year. Requires the Director of NIH to develop and implement a comprehensive plan for the conduct and support of AIDS research by NIH agencies. Authorizes appropriations for each fiscal year for fellowship and training programs relating to AIDS under existing provisions. Title XX: Certain Authorities of Centers for Disease Control - Authorizes grants to States and local health departments for programs for specified activities relating to prostate cancer, including screening, public information, and improving professional training. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes: (1) grants or contracts for population-based, statewide cancer registries; (2) grants for developing plans that meet the requirements of specified provisions; and (3) technical assistance to States, either directly or through grants and contracts. Mandates a study on the factors contributing to elevated breast cancer mortality rates in specified States. Authorizes appropriations. Requires a survey to determine which entities collect data on traumatic brain injuries and the nature of their data collection systems. Authorizes cooperation and assistance to establish traumatic brain injury as a specific reportable condition or disability. Authorizes appropriations. Title XXI: Studies - Mandates studies on: (1) the impact, with regard to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), of parallel-track drug-release mechanisms on clinical research and on the activities of the Commissioner of Food and Drugs regarding drug approval; (2) third-party payor policies regarding payment of costs incident to the participation of individuals as subjects in AIDS drug clinical trials; and (3) whether AIDS advisory committees in NIH are being sufficiently coordinated. Requires a plan for the inclusion of HIV-infected women, infants, and children in HIV vaccine studies conducted by or through NIH. Authorizes appropriations. Mandates an annual report on the leading causes of death in the United States and related spending by the Department of Health and Human Services for research, prevention, and education. Requires three-year studies on: (1) nutrition screening and intervention regarding the elderly; and (2) the extent of malnutrition in hospitals, in long-term care facilities, and among those living independently. Establishes an advisory panel to oversee the studies. Mandates a report on the feasibility of developing a plan for the conduct of research at NIH on the prevention of traumatic injuries. Directs the Secretary to: (1) review existing data and research concerning whether there is a relationship between legal and illegal drug use; and (2) if necessary, conduct additional research. Mandates reports on: (1) research conducted or supported by NIH on chronic fatigue syndrome; (2) the appropriateness and impact of NIH assuming responsibility for the conduct of all Federal research, development, testing, and evaluation relating to medical countermeasures against biowarfare threat agents. Requires a study on the potential for, the prevalence of, and the issues related to the contamination of worker's homes with substances from their work places. Requires: (1) establishment of the Worker's Family Protection Task Force to take specified actions, including developing an investigative strategy for obtaining any needed additional data; and (2) each Federal department or agency to fulfill the role assigned by the strategy. Authorizes appropriations. Mandates studies: (1) of the retention, recruitment, vacancy and turnover rates of NIH support staff, including fire fighters, law enforcement, procurement officers, technicians, nurses, and clerical employees; and (2) to develop a streamlined procurement system for NIH. Title XXII: Miscellaneous Provisions - Redesignates the Senior Biomedical Research Service as the Silvio Conte Senior Biomedical Research Service and increases the limit on the number of its members. Renames the AIDS Clinical Research Review Committee as the AIDS Research Advisory Committee. Prohibits the Secretary from conducting or supporting the SHARP survey of adult sexual behavior. Requires that a report on carcinogens be submitted biennially (currently, annually). Mandates a report analyzing the report of the National Committee on Sleep Disorders Research and presenting a plan for the conduct and support of sleep disorders research at NIH. Mandates presentation to the Congress of a master plan to provide for the replacement or refurbishment of less than adequate buildings, utility equipment and distribution systems, roads, walkways, parking areas, and grounds of NIH laboratory and clinical facilities. Allows the plan to make recommendations for the undertaking of new projects consistent with the objectives of these provisions. Title XXIII: Effective Date - Sets forth the effective date of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 25 June 1992
Rural Development and Ancient Forest Ecosystem Conservation Act - Title I: Rural Development in Rural Communities - Subtitle A: Rural Development for Communities and Businesses - Establishes the Community Rural Development Investment Fund and individual Community Rural Development Commissions for Oregon, Washington, and California. Requires each Commission to distribute Fund monies, in the form of low-interest rural developemnt business loans, to communities associated with employment in wood products, log harvesting, or log hauling or transportation. Subtitle B: Dislocated Forest-Worker Assistance - Establishes the Dislocated Forest-Worker Assistance Account, funded with monies from timber sales from federally owned forests, to provide income supplements, vocational retraining stipends, job search allowances, relocation allowances, and other benefits to dislocated timber-harvesting and wood products industries employees who have exhausted State unemployment benefits. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous - Requires employment of persons to perform forest ecosystem management practices on Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management Lands. Allows withholding of sums from timber harvest contracts to fund such employment. Requires the Secretaries of the Interior and of Agriculture (the Secretaries), for each timber sale contract, to retain a cash deposit as security to ensure contract compliance. Expresses the sense of the Congress that annual Forest Service appropriations should not be less than those during the preceding ten years. Allows States west of the 100th meridian from which unprocessed logs are exported to establish export restrictions because of temporary shortages in the supply of timber. Provides special rules for exports to Canada and for a presidential suspension on restrictions if U.S. trade obligations are violated. States that western red cedar unprocessed logs from the Tongass National Forest may not be exported unless they are surplus to domestic processor needs. Provides special policies for conservation and management of the Pacific yew (used in the manufacture of taxol for the treatment of cancer). Amends the Wood Residue Utilization Act of 1980 to authorize appropriations for a pilot wood residue utilization project to demonstrate the commercial viability of cement fiber board products for use in the construction industry. Authorizes appropriations. Title II: Forest Ecosystem Conservation - Subtitle A: Westside Forests - Directs the Secretaries to manage late-successional/old-growth Westside forests in the ecoregions of Pacific Forest and Willamette-Puget Forest in a manner to maintain viable vertebrate species and restore biological diversity. Requires consistency with the Watershed and Fish Habitat Emphasis Option. Requires management of key Westside watersheds to restore ecological forest elements and protect habitats of potentially threatened and endangered fish species and stocks of anadromous salmonoids. Subtitle B: Eastside Forests - Requires a study of Federal forests in the ecoregion provinces of the Columbia Forest, Rocky Mountain Forest, Palouse Grassland, Intermoutain Sagebrush, Sierran Forest, and California Chaparral (Eastside forests) to determine ecosystem management strategies that will restore and protect the health of forests and their ecological elements. Provides for interim protection of Eastside watersheds and late-succession/old-growth forests. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous - Establishes Forest Ecosystem Advisory Committees to recommend ecosystem management objectives for all BLM and Forest Service forests. Requires Inspectors General of the Department of Agriculture and the Interior to conduct audits of standards used by the Secretaries in the development of land and resource management plans. Requires development of a definition for a "dead and dying" tree. Amends the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 to require the establishment of a program of studies to facilitate implementation of an ecosystem-based approach to the management of federally owned forests. Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 23 June 1992
Designates the week beginning March 21, 1993, as National Endometriosis Awareness Week.
United States · United States Congress · 18 June 1992
Legal Services Reauthorization Act of 1992 - Amends the Legal Services Corporation Act to authorize appropriations for the Legal Services Corporation for FY 1993 through 1997. Amends the Federal criminal code to: (1) apply Federal criminal laws against theft, fraud, and embezzlement to Corporation funds; and (2) make the Federal criminal statute against obstructing a Federal audit applicable with regard to auditors employed or retained by the Corporation. Specifies that certain provisions of the False Claims Act apply to the Corporation, any financial assistance recipient and other grantee or contractor of the Corporation (awardee), subgrantee or subcontractor of any such entity, or employee thereof (thus, giving the Attorney General the authority to bring a civil action against any person employed by or contracting with a recipient, subrecipient, grantee, or contractor who perpetuates a fraud with Corporation funds, but excluding from application to the Corporation and its recipients provisions which permit a private person to initiate a false claims action). Revises prohibitions on the use of Corporation funds for lobbying purposes to prohibit such use by an awardee: (1) to pay for publicity or propaganda intended or designed to support or defeat legislation pending before the Congress or State or local legislative bodies, or to influence any decision by a Federal, State, or local agency; (2) to pay for any personal service, advertisement, telegram, telephone communication, letter, printed matter, or other device intended or designed to influence: any decision by a Federal, State, or local agency, except when legal assistance is provided by an employee of an awardee of the Corporation to an eligible client on a particular matter which directly involves the client's legal rights or responsibilities; any Member of Congress or other Federal, State, or local elected official to favor or oppose any referendum, initiative, constitutional amendment, or similar procedure of the Congress, State legislature, local council, or similar governing body; or any such Member or official to favor or oppose legislation (with exceptions); or (3) for adminstrative or related costs associated with such prohibited activities. Permits the use of such funds in connection with any communication: (1) made in response to a Federal, State, or local agency or elected official; or (2) to a Federal, State, or local elected official pertaining to the authorization or appropriation of funds or any other measure affecting the authority, functions, or funding of, or pertaining to oversight measures directly affecting, the awardee or the Corporation, if the project director or designee of the awardee has expressly determined that the legislative body involved is considering such authorization, appropriation, or other measure, or is conducting oversight of the awardee or the Corporation. Requires the Corporation to: (1) arrange for evaluations to determine whether awardees are providing comprehensive, economical, and effective legal assistance to eligible clients; and (2) conduct monitoring and investigations into allegations that an awardee has violated applicable requirements. Sets forth provisions concerning investigation procedures. Directs the Board of Directors of the Corporation to provide for the enforcement of requirements with respect to such awardees. Permits the Corporation to suspend, reduce, or terminate financial assistance (with such termination only after consideration of other remedial measures and only after the employee has been afforded reasonable notice and opportunity for a timely, full, and fair hearing, to be conducted by an independent hearing examiner when requested), or deny an application for refunding (after affording the awardee an opportunity to correct the failure) when: (1) there has been a substantial failure to comply with applicable requirements; or (2) evaluations demonstrate that an awardee has consistently failed to provide economical and effective legal assistance. Authorizes the Corporation to deny an application for refunding when the Corporation has identified an applicant for financial assistance that is better able to provide comprehensive, economical, and effective legal assistance for the geographic area served by such awardee. Revises provisions concerning notice to awardees prior to the suspension or termination of assistance or the denial of a refunding application. Prohibits the annual level of assistance from being reduced by more than five percent or $20,000, whichever is less, unless the awardee has been afforded notice and, at the awardee's request, a timely and fair hearing. Sets forth Corporation monitoring requirements. Directs that standards and procedures adopted pursuant to such provision take into account: (1) the responsibility of the Corporation to provide for independent evaluations; (2) that each awardee has the responsibility to manage its day-to-day operations and to assure that its employees comply with all applicable law and deliver high quality legal assistance in an effective and economical manner; (3) that the personal privacy of eligible clients could be adversely affected by the public disclosure of records or documents obtained in connection with monitoring or investigation (and bars the Corporation from requiring disclosure of such records to the extent that they can be expected to contain information directly pertinent and necessary to an audit, or to an investigation of a likely pattern of discrimination, lack of compliance with the law, or poor performance by an awardee which is indicated by other external evidence); (4) the requirements of the Privacy Act of 1974, the privacy protections of State law, and the principle that matters and records that are personal or private and that relate to an individual employee should be protected from examination by the Corporation; and (5) the rules of ethics and professional responsibility that are applicable in the jurisdiction where an awardee delivers legal assistance. Requires the Corporation to develop criteria for evaluating the capability and performance of awardees. Specifies that the Inspector General of the Corporation shall not, in carrying out his or her functions, be subject to any restriction that: (1) is contained in the standards and procedures adopted by the Corporation under this provision; and (2) limits access by the Corporation to documents or other information. Directs the Corporation to require each grantee, contractor, or person or entity receiving financial assistance to provide for an independent annual financial audit and to submit the report of the audit to the Corporation. Bars the Corporation from selecting the auditor employed by such entity. Permits the Corporation to conduct its own audit or hire an independent auditor when necessary, with the costs to be borne by the Corporation. (Current law directs the Corporation to conduct, or require each such grantee, contractor, or person or entity to provide for, an annual financial audit.) Places restrictions on the bringing of a class action suit by an awardee with funds provided by the Corporation against the Federal Government or any State or local government. Requires awardees to adopt policies to attempt to negotiate settlements and to use alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, where appropriate, before filing suit. Prohibits the use of Corporation funds to alter, revise, or reapportion a legislative, judicial, or elective district at any level of government. Places restrictions on the use of Corporation funds for legal assistance for aliens. Revises requirements for governing bodies of grant or contract recipients to require a recipient's governing body to be comprised of (in the majority) attorneys who are appointed by State, county, or local bar associations the memberships of which represent a majority of the attorneys practicing law in the locality in which the recipient is to provide legal assistance. Sets forth requirements for governing or policy bodies of recipients and other awardees. Allows the governing body of a bar association to appoint members of the governing or policy bodies of more than one awardee of the Corporation. Makes technical and conforming changes with respect to the professional responsibilities of the Corporation and attorney employees of the Corporation. Specifies that neither the Corporation nor the Comptroller General shall have access to any reports or records protected from disclosure by the laws or rules of ethics or professional responsibility that apply in the jurisdiction where such reports or records are maintained. Requires the Corporation (with specified exceptions) to ensure that attorneys employed full-time in providing legal assistance supported in major part by the Corporation refrain from any: (1) outside practice of law in which the attorneys seek or receive compensation; and (2) uncompensated outside practice of law. (Current law bars attorneys employed full-time in legal assistance activities supported in major part by the Corporation from any compensated outside practice, and any uncompensated outside practice except as authorized in guidelines promulgated by the Corporation.) Prohibits the use of Corporation funds for initiating the defense of a person in a proceeding to evict such person from a public housing project if the person has been convicted of the illegal sale or distribution of a controlled substance and the proceeding has been brought by a public housing project agency because such person threatens the health or safety of other tenants or employees of such agency. Prohibits awardees (or employees) from engaging in precomplaint settlement negotiations, filing a complaint, or pursuing litigation against a defendant unless a written retainer agreement which enumerates the facts on which the claim is based has been signed by the plaintiffs. Specifies that, unless authorized by a court of competent jurisdiction, no awardee (or employee) may file a complaint or petition in a court until all plaintiffs known to plaintiff's counsel at the time have been specifically identified in the complaint or petition. Requires the Corporation to study, through the use of demonstration projects and other appropriate methods, the feasibility of utilizing a system of competition to improve the delivery of legal assistance and related activities. Sets forth reporting requirements. Specifies that a general restriction on training activities of the Corporation should not be construed to prohibit training of attorneys or paralegals as necessary to prepare them to advise any eligible client as to the nature of the legislative process, or to inform any such client of his or her rights under any statute, order, or regulation. Repeals a limitation on the use of non-Federal funds received by the Corporation. Directs the Corporation to require each awardee to maintain a system of time and recordkeeping that discloses the types of activities supported by Corporation and non-Corporation funds and allocates appropriate costs, including overhead, to activities funded by non-Corporation funds. Sets forth additional requirements regarding the specific type of system to be employed. Prohibits the use of alternative corporations to evade the provisions of this Act. Defines an "alternative corporation" as a group which has a single identity of interest with an awardee. Requires any awardee which shares employees with any other entity to specify with particularity the use of any funds by such employees. Directs the Corporation to ensure that all attorneys engaged in legal assistance activities supported by the Corporation refrain, while so engaged, from any political activity (current law) associated with a political party or the campaign of any candidate for public or party office. Requires grants and contracts made for calendar years 1993 through 1997 to be made for at least 12 months, except for any grant to a new program commencing operations after the beginning of the applicable calendar year. Sets forth provisions with respect to the establishment of local priorities and periodic analysis of the legal needs of clients in the area served by each such awardee. Revises the defintion of "staff attorney" to mean an attorney who: (1) is employed by a recipient organized in whole or in part for the provision of legal assistance to eligible clients under the Act; and (2) receives more than half of his or her annual professional salary from the proceeds of a grant or contract from the Corporation to such recipient. (Current law specifies an attorney who receives more than half of his annual professional income from a recipient organized solely for the provisions of legal assistance to eligible clients.) Directs the Corporation to conduct a study on legal assistance to older Americans.