United States · United States Congress · 19 June 1985
Geothermal Steam Act Amendments of 1985 - Amends the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 to provide that if geothermal steam is produced or utilized in commercial quantities under an approved operation within any lease or administrative lease extension period, such lease shall continue for so long as geothermal steam is produced (or utilized) in commercial quantities, for a maximum continuation of an additional forty years. Sets forth conditions under which geothermal leases in effect as of July 27, 1984, shall be extended for a maximum of three successive five-year periods. Requires the Secretary of the Interior to review any cooperative or unit plan of development every five years after approval in order to eliminate any lease or part of lease not regarded as reasonably necessary to cooperative or unit operations. Makes geothermal leases in effect as of July 27, 1984, eligible for an administrative extension if an application is timely submitted.
United States · United States Congress · 18 June 1985
Relieves the Washoe County Water Conservation District, Nevada, from any repayment obligation to the United States in connection with emergency work performed at Boca Dam in 1965 and 1967.
United States · United States Congress · 13 June 1985
Amends the Clayton Act to limit a person's liability for an antitrust violation to threefold the actual damages attributable to such person's purchases or sales of goods or services where: (1) liability is based upon such person's participation in a contract, combination, or conspiracy among competitors; and (2) damages awarded are based on the impact on price of such contract, combination, or conspiracy. Provides that such limitation shall not apply to the portion of damages attributable to: (1) any person that is beyond the jurisdiction of U.S. district courts; and (2) any person whose financial incapacity precludes the full payment of damages.
United States · United States Congress · 4 June 1985
Amends the Federal criminal code to make minor or technical changes to the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. Modifies the kinds of offenses for which pretrial detention on grounds of dangerousness is authorized to include serious explosive and firearms violations. Provides that a pretrial detention hearing shall be held upon motion of the government if the defendant has been convicted of two or more offenses. Grants the court discretion to reopen the detention hearing at any time before trial. Reenacts provisions of the Criminal Fine Enforcement Act. Repeals the authority to impose a sentence pursuant to the Federal Youth Corrections Act (which was repealed pursuant to the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984). Modifies the terms of office, compensation, and duties for members of the United States Sentencing Commission. Requires the U.S. Marshal to return the defendant to the court for final sentencing only if the defendant is in custody. Provides for a presentence examination and a report by a psychiatric or psychological examiner as the basis for the hospitalization of a convicted person suffering from mental disease or defect. Provides that in the absence of an applicable sentencing guideline, the court shall impose an appropriate sentence, having due regard for its relationship to sentences prescribed by guidelines. Directs the court to include a statement of the reason for ordering only partial restitution to a victim. Repeals the requirement that the court give notice to the parties before imposing an order of restitution. Repeals the provision that states that the fulfillment of the terms and conditions of probation discharges the defendant's liability for any unexecuted fine or other punishment imposed as to which probation is granted. Allows a court not to impose a fine, restitution, or community service in extraordinary circumstances regarding mandatory or discretionary conditions of probation. Allows the court to modify conditions of probation without a hearing if certain conditions are met. Declares that a term of probation does not run while a defendant is imprisoned for a Federal, State, or local conviction unless the imprisonment is for a period of less than 30 consecutive days. Lengthens and modifies the authorized terms of supervised release. Authorizes probation officers to assist in the supervision of persons within the custody of the Attorney General while on work release, furlough, or other authorized release from confinement. Applies good time credit to the first year of imprisonment as well as to subsequent years. Allows the court to order restitution in addition to, but not in lieu of, any other penalty authorized by law. Extends certain remedies available for the collection or satisfaction of unpaid fines to the enforcement of a restitution order. Authorizes the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to contract with appropriate public or private agencies or persons for the detention of and care in the community of offenders who are addicts or drug-dependent persons. Sets forth the standard of review for cases challenging the application of the sentencing guidelines. Provides that the court must find that the lower court's construction was clearly erroneous before it can remand the case for further sentencing proceedings. Requires that district courts are to review sentences imposed by magistrates according to the same standards that apply to appellate court review of district court sentences. Makes the maximum sentence for juveniles the same as the maximum sentence for adults. Makes the "good time" provisions applicable to adults also applicable to juveniles. Provides that defendants already sentenced to imprisonment, but who are not appealing their convictions, shall remain in custody pending a government appeal protesting the length of the sentence. Implements U.S. treaty obligations with regard to persons sentenced to a term of imprisonment by a foreign court who are later transferred to the United States to provide that the overall sentence imposed may not be modified but only the portion of that sentence which is to be served in official custody (therefore allowing for supervised release). Revises the effective date for the sentencing reform and the abolition of the United States Parole Commission. Establishes transition procedures. Makes technical changes to the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations statute with regard to criminal forfeiture. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require a bond of $5,000 for a claimant to obtain judicial forfeiture of property otherwise subject to administrative forfeitures. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to transfer forfeited property to any other Federal agency. Amends the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 to make technical changes with regard to criminal forfeiture. Authorizes seizures pursuant to the admiralty rules only for property subject to civil forfeiture under the Controlled Substances Act since the admiralty rules apply only to civil forfeiture in rem. Allows the Government to seek a stay of a Federal civil forfeiture action if a State indictment or information for the same kind of offense is filed. Authorizes use of the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund for the purpose of equipping forfeited vessels, vehicles, and aircraft for law enforcement functions for use by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the United States Marshals Service. Exempts from deposit in the fund proceeds of forfeitures pursuant to the Endangered Species Act and the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981. Prohibits the admission of evidence obtained with respect to a psychological examination of defendants for purposes of ascertaining their competency to stand trial. Amends the Controlled Substances Act to revise the definition of "isomer" and "cocaine" with regard to drug penalties. Authorizes the Attorney General to enter into contractual agreements with State and local law enforcement agencies to provide for cooperative enforcement and regulatory activities under the Controlled Substances Act. Empowers the Attorney General to authorize State and local law enforcement officers to perform certain law enforcement functions. Amends the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act with regard to its definitions and penalties. Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to grant the United States Claims Court exclusive jurisdiction over all actions seeking review of the final decisions of the Bureau of Justice Assistance. Amends the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 concerning disqualifications from serving as a consultant or advisor to an employee benefit plan because of a conviction of certain crimes. Amends the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act Amendments to increase from $5,000 to $10,000 the amount required to be transported before the reporting requirement is invoked. Amends the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 to prohibit crimes of violence perpetrated against the offender's own property. Imposes mandatory minimum additional penalties upon any person who carriers a firearm during and in relation to the commission of a Federal felony. Provides for such additional penalty for any person who carries a handgun loaded with armor-piercing ammunition during a crime of violence or a drug felony. Makes the attempted kidnapping of a Federal law enforcement officer an offense punishable by imprisonment for up to 20 years. Makes a technical correction to the prohibition regarding bank bribery. Revises the definition of "public official" for purposes of the prohibition against U.S. public officials acting as an agent of a foreign principal required to register under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938. Strengthens the provisions relating to the introduction or possession of contraband in prisons. Allows a probation officer, upon request of the Attorney General, to supervise any person provided protection under the witness protection program who is on probation or parole under State law if the State consents. Subjects such person to all Federal laws pertaining to probationers or parolees. Amends the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure to incorporate the same procedure for a conditional ruling on a defendant's motion for a new trial in connection with the granting of a post-verdict acquittal in a criminal case as exists under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in a comparable situation in which a motion for a new trial is coupled with a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Authorizes the U.S. Marshals Service to credit to its appropriations account all fees, commissions, and expenses collected for the service of civil process and seizures, levies, and sales associated with judicial orders of execution by the Marshals Service. Prohibits the special assessment from being imposed on any person convicted of an offense for which local rules of the district court, or other Federal law, establishes that collateral may be posted in lieu of appearance in court. Extends the deadline for spending funds granted to the States for victim compensation programs. Exempts from the prohibition against credit card fraud, the lawful authorized investigative, protective, or intelligence activity of a Federal, State, or local law enforcement agency or of a Federal intelligence agency. Imposes a maximum sentence of ten years on an accessory after the fact, if the principal is punishable by a life sentence. Defines "organization" for purposes of the Act as a person other than an individual. Extends the coverage for purposes of the prohibition against the bribery of public officials and witnesses and the prohibition against public officials receiving compensation for services rendered in relation to any proceeding in which the United States is a party, to include all Delegates to the Congress. Revises the offense of using or carrying an explosive or using fire during the commission of a Federal felony. Revises the definition of "racketeering activity" to add two more predicate offenses. Makes minor changes to the provisions dealing with the receipt of stolen property in interstate or foreign commerce.
United States · United States Congress · 24 May 1985
Korean War Veterans Memorial Act of 1985 - Authorizes the American Battle Monuments Commission to erect a memorial on Federal land in the District of Columbia or its environs to honor members of the U.S. Armed Forces who served in the Korean war. Subjects the selected site, design, and plans for the construction of such memorial to the approval of the National Commission of Fine Arts and the National Capital Planning Commission. Directs that, upon its completion, the memorial shall be turned over to the Department of the Interior which shall then be solely responsible for its maintenance. Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 20 May 1985
Authorizes the Secretary of Education to provide financial assistance to North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina, for the endowment of the Sam J. Ervin, Jr., Program in Public Affairs (which is an endowment for a fellowship program, public service research, and a distinguished speaker series). Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 16 May 1985
Nuclear Waste Policy Improvements Act of 1985 - Title I - Amends the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 to require that the nomination of sites for repositories of high-level radioactive waste be accompanied by an environmental assessment which includes the environmental impact of transporting high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel through the region surrounding such site. Requires the Secretary of Transportation and the President to include, in their consideration of recommended sites, the effect of transportation of high-level radioactive waste on States containing possible transportation routes. Requires the Secretary to include, in a public site recommendation statement, specified details of the effect of such transportation on those States. Requires the Secretary, when considering alternative nuclear waste sites, to take into consideration such transportation routes and the impact of such transportation on routes in States adjacent to the State in which a repository has been selected. Title II - Directs the Secretary to provide assistance to any State that contains likely transportation routes to a high-level nuclear waste repository in such State, if the State's application demonstrates assistance is needed to upgrade or maintain such routes in order to provide adequate public protection from accidents involving high-level nuclear waste.
United States · United States Congress · 16 May 1985
Directs the Administrator of General Services to provide for the distribution within the United States of the U.S. Information Agency film "Hal David: Expressing a Feeling."
United States · United States Congress · 15 May 1985
Rulemaking Procedures Reform Act of 1985 - Makes provisions for a Federal agency to promulgate an emergency rule, which shall terminate 120 days after its effective date. Requires agencies, after general notice in the Federal Register, to give interested parties not less than 60 days to participate in any rulemaking, except those for emergency rules. Requires an agency to transmit to the appropriate congressional committees an agenda listing all areas in which the agency intends to propose rules during the next 12-month period. Requires an agency, on the day it forwards a recommended final rule to the Federal Register, to transmit a copy to the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives for referral to the appropriate congressional committee. Subjects recommended final rules to the congressional veto procedure. Prohibits major rules from taking effect before 90 days, and nonmajor rules before 45 days, after submission to the Congress. Allows recommended final rules to become effective after the day on which either House of Congress rejects a joint resolution of disapproval. Requires the resubmission to the next Congress of any recommended final rule which is subject to the veto procedure at the time the current Congress adjourns sine die. Allows an agency to issue a recommended final rule which relates to the same acts or practices as a rule which did not become effective. Sets forth general requirements for such an amended rule. Declares that congressional inaction or rejection of a joint resolution of disapproval with respect to a recommended final rule shall not be deemed an expression of approval of such rule. Sets forth procedures for consideration of such joint resolutions of disapproval. Makes it out of order in the House or Senate to vote on final passage of any bill or resolution making appropriations for an agency which has issued a rule that the Congress has disapproved, unless such bill or resolution prohibits the use of appropriations to carry out such rule.
United States · United States Congress · 15 May 1985
Authorizes and requests the President to: (1) designate the week beginning on April 13, 1986, as National Garden Week; and (2) urge the wearing of garden flowers as a symbol of our appreciation for the contributions of our gardeners.
United States · United States Congress · 8 May 1985
Authorizes the Society of the Third Infantry Division to erect a memorial on public grounds in the District of Columbia or its environs in honor of the men of the "Rock of the Marne" of the Third Infantry Division who served in both World Wars, Korea, and maintaining peace. Authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to select a site for the memorial subject to the approval of the National Commission of Fine Arts, the National Capital Planning Commission, and, under certain circumstances, the Mayor of the District of Columbia. Subjects the design and plans for the memorial to the approval of the Secretary, the National Commission of Fine Arts, and the National Capital Planning Commission. Directs that the maintenance and care of the memorial shall be the Secretary's responsibility unless the memorial is on public grounds under the jurisdiction of the District of Columbia in which case these duties fall on the District of Columbia. Provides that funds of the United States or the District of Columbia may not be used to erect the memorial. Directs that the authority to establish the memorial is contingent upon its erection beginning within five years with funds sufficient to ensure its completion.
United States · United States Congress · 7 May 1985
Agricultural Patent Reform Act of 1984 - Amends the patent laws to extend the terms of patents which encompass specified products or methods for using a product, including methods of manufacturing which primarily use recombinant DNA technology, any of which are subject to certain nonpatent regulatory review periods. Sets forth the terms and conditions of such extension, including a five-year limitation on the extension and a 25-year maximum patent term for the earliest filing. Directs the Commissioner of Patents to notify the appropriate Federal agency upon receipt from the product sponsor of a notice of extension to determine the applicable regulatory review period and whether, within that period, the sponsor acted with due diligence. Provides for notice and informal hearings for persons interested in such determinations. Permits the setting of fees to cover the costs of review. Directs the Commissioner, upon a final determination of the applicable regulatory review period, to issue to the owner of record of a patent a certificate of extension stating the fact and length of the extension and identifying the product and the use and the claim to which such extension is applicable. Makes such certificate a part of the original patent. Limits the application of such patent term extension to patents for: (1) any new animal drug or antibiotic subject to regulation under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; (2) any veterinary biological product subject to regulation under the Virus-Serum-Toxin Act; (3) any pesticide subject to regulation under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act; and (4) any chemical substance or mixture subject to regulation under the Toxic Substances Control Act.
United States · United States Congress · 7 May 1985
Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to authorize appropriations for FY 1986 through 1988 to be used by the Secretary of Commerce to assist in the planning and construction of public telecommunications facilities. Repeals a provision that requires 75 percent of the funds appropriated for such purposes in a fiscal year to be available to extend delivery of public telecommunications services to areas not receiving such services. Authorizes appropriations, to match up to a specified amount of non-Federal contributions to public broadcasting entities, for the Public Broadcasting Fund for FY 1987 through 1990. Repeals a provision that requires that a specified portion of the amount made available to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting from the Fund be earmarked for expenses of research, training, technical assistance, engineering, instructional support, and the payment of interest on indebtedness. Repeals provisions requiring a public telecommunications entity to refund to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting an amount of Federal funds equal to the amount of any unrelated business income tax paid by such entity.
United States · United States Congress · 3 May 1985
Expresses, on the 40th anniversary of V-E Day, the Nation's deep gratitude and recognizes the enormous debt owed to the American servicemen who fought in World War II.
United States · United States Congress · 29 April 1985
Commends the Rural Electrification Administration and dedicated individuals for their contributions to the progress made by the Nation during the past 50 years in achieving the electrification of rural America.
United States · United States Congress · 25 April 1985
Amends the Davis-Bacon Act to require the Secretary of Labor to base the determination of the prevailing wage for a class of laborers or mechanics or helpers on the wage paid to 50 percent or more of the corresponding class employed on private industry projects of a character similar to the contract work in the urban or rural civil subdivision of the State in which the work is to be performed. Requires that such determination be based on a weighted average if the same wage is not paid to at least 50 percent of such corresponding class. Increases from $2,000 to $1,000,000 the threshold dollar amount subjecting certain contracts to such Act and requiring them to specify the minimum wages to be paid to laborers, mechanics, and helpers. Establishes a separate classification for helpers of laborers or mechanics, for purposes of such Act.
United States · United States Congress · 17 April 1985
Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to add Afghanistan to the list of communist countries the imports from which are subject to the column two rate of duty. Prohibits granting nondiscriminatory (most-favored-nation) treatment to the products of Afghanistan. Prohibits entering into a commercial agreement with Afghanistan pursuant to the Trade Act of 1974. Prohibits Afghanistan from participating in any program under which the United States extends credit, credit guarantees, or investment guarantees.
United States · United States Congress · 16 April 1985
Authorizes the President to call a White House Conference on Library and Information Services, to be held not later than 1989, to develop recommendations for improvement of such services and their public use. Requires that the Conference be planned and conducted by the National Commission on Libraries and Information Sciences. Authorizes the Librarian of Congress, the Director of the National Library of Medicine, and the Director of the National Agricultural Library, upon request, to detail personnel to the Commission. Requires the Conference to submit a final report to the President within 120 days following its close. Directs that the final report be made public, and within 90 days after receipt by the President, transmitted to the Congress with recommendations. Establishes an advisory committee to assist in planning and conducting the Conference. Includes among its appointed members the Secretary of Education and the Librarian of Congress. Authorizes appropriations as necessary.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1985
Amends the Federal criminal code to make it a Federal offense for any person to operate or direct the operation of a common carrier while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Imposes a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than five years for violations of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1985
Authorizes the President, on behalf of the Congress, to present gold medals to Jan Scruggs, Robert Doubek, and Jack Wheeler in recognition of their efforts to give the Vietnam Veterans Memorial to the Nation. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to provide for the sale of bronze duplicates of the medal.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1985
Proclaims October 23, 1985, as A Time of Remembrance for all victims of terrorism. Urges Americans to wear a purple ribbon in honor of the sacrifices made in pursuit of peace and freedom. Authorizes and requests the President to call upon U.S. departments, agencies, and other interested parties to fly U.S. flags at half staff.
United States · United States Congress · 3 April 1985
Expresses the sense of the Senate that the administration should comply with the automatic appropriation and earmarking provisions of the Wallop/Breaux Sport Fish Restoration Trust Fund and support adequate appropriation for the Boating Safety Account in such Fund. States that funds owed to the States from such Fund should not be withheld or delayed.
United States · United States Congress · 28 March 1985
Youth Employment Opportunity Wage Act of 1985 - Amends the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to authorize employers to pay employees under 20 years of age 75 percent of the minimum wage rate between May and September of each year. Exempts such employees from special certificate requirements. Restricts such authorization to: (1) hours worked by eligible employees in compliance with applicable child labor laws; and (2) youth employed after May 1 of each year. Prohibits the removal of employees ineligible for the subminimum wage rate in order to replace them with employees who are eligible. Makes technical and conforming amendments to the Job Training Partnership Act. Directs the Secretary of Labor to monitor the implementation of this Act and to report to the Congress concerning the employment effects of this Act. Terminates such minimum wage rate exception after September 30, 1987.
United States · United States Congress · 28 March 1985
Urges the Secretary of the Treasury to instruct the Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund to work for the abolition of the Compensatory Financing Facility.
United States · United States Congress · 20 March 1985
Intercircuit Panel of the United States Act - Establishes an Intercircuit Panel of the United States Courts of Appeals composed of nine circuit judges and four alternate judges designated by the Supreme Court. Directs the Chief Justice to designate the presiding judge of the Panel. Places the principal office of such Panel in the District of Columbia. Grants the Panel jurisdiction over cases referred to it by the Supreme Court. Declares that decisions of the Panel shall be binding on all U.S. courts unless modified or overruled by the Supreme Court. Directs the Panel, in consultation with the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, to submit to the Supreme Court, the Judicial Conference of the United States, the President, and the Congress a comprehensive report on its activities. Authorizes appropriations. Terminates the Panel five years after the date of its first referral.
United States · United States Congress · 20 March 1985
Nevada Wilderness Act of 1985 - Title I: Short Title, Findings, and Purposes - Sets forth the short title, findings, and purposes of this Act. Title II : Designates the following lands in Nevada as components of the National Wilderness Preservation System; (1) the Mount Charleston Wilderness in the Toiyabe National Forest; (2) lands in the Humboldt National Forest which shall be incorporated in the Jarbidge Wilderness; (3) the Mount Moriah Wilderness in the Humboldt National Forest; and (4) the Boundary Peak Wilderness in the Inyo National Forest. Title III: Release of Lands for Multiple Use Management - Provides that the RARE II (second roadless area review and evaluation) final environmental statement (dated January 1979) with respect to national forest system lands in Nevada shall not be subject to judicial review. Releases national forest system lands in Nevada which were reviewed in the RARE II program from further review by the Department of Agriculture, pending the revision of initial national forest management plans. Releases lands in Nevada reviewed in the RARE II program and not designated as wilderness from management as wilderness areas. Prohibits the Department of Agriculture from conducting any further statewide roadless area review and evaluation of national forest system lands in Nevada without express congressional authorization. States that the provisions above shall also apply to national forest system roadless lands in Nevada which are less than 5,000 acres in size. Title IV: Miscellaneous Provisions - Permits livestock grazing in such wilderness areas, subject to mandatory review by the Secretary of Agriculture. Permits the expressly authorized use of motorized equipment for the maintenance of such livestock. Requires the Secretary to report periodically to the Congress on livestock grazing in these wilderness areas. States that this Act does not exempt the Federal Government from the Nevada water laws, nor does it preempt State jurisdiction over wildlife and fish in the national forests. States that the Congress does not intend the creation of buffer zones around the designated wilderness areas or any abrogation of the standards of the Clean Air Act. Directs the Secretary of the Interior to continue mineral assessments in such lands, permitting the use of motorized equipment and roads for such purposes. Continues access by local municipalities for maintaining watershed facilities and other health and safety concerns. Continues unaffected the Federal responsibility for predator control activities.
United States · United States Congress · 20 March 1985
Designates March 21, 1985, as Afghanistan Day. Condemns the Soviet Union for the attempted subjugation of Afghanistan. Calls upon the Soviet Union to commit itself to a negotiated political settlement for Afghanistan.
United States · United States Congress · 19 March 1985
Textile and Apparel Trade Enforcement Act of 1985 - Limits the total quantity of 1985 imports of textiles and textile products from a major exporting country to the lesser of an amount equal to 101 percent: (1) of the total quantity of textile products imported from such country if the total had increased by six percent annually during 1981 through 1984; or (2) if the United States has an agreement with such country providing for an annual growth rate of less than six percent, of the total quantity of such products from such country imported during 1984. Limits the total quantity of 1985 imports of textiles and textile products from an exporting country to an amount equal to the total quantity of such products imported from such country during 1984 plus: (1) 15 percent of such quantity in the case of a category that is not an import sensitive category; or (2) one percent in the case of an import sensitive category. Provides for changing the classification of a country, except for a Caribbean country, from an exporting country to a major exporting country if the total textile imports from such country equals or exceeds one and one-quarter percent of all textiles imported into the United States. Sets forth a formula for adjusting the growth of textile imports annually. Sets forth certain minimum quantities of textile imports that all countries shall be allowed to export to the United States. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to enforce this Act. Directs the Secretary, within six months of enactment of this Act, to establish an import licensing system under which an importer of textiles will be required to present an import permit as a condition of entry of such textiles. Directs the President to report to the Congress annually on the administration of this Act.
![Official portrait of Sen. Laxalt, Paul D. [R-NV]](https://www.congress.gov/img/member/l000148_200.jpg)