United States · Law · S
S. 459 (101st)
An Act to amend title 35, United States Code, with respect to the use of inventions in outer space.
Introduced
28 February 1989
Last action
15 November 1990 · President
Status
Became Public Law No: 101-580.
Sponsors
Sen. Gore, Albert, Jr. [D-TN], Sen. Hollings, Ernest F. [D-SC], Sen. Kerry, John F. [D-MA], Sen. Rockefeller, John D., IV [D-WV], Sen. Kassebaum, Nancy Landon [R-KS], Sen. Bentsen, Lloyd M. [D-TX], Sen. Inouye, Daniel K. [D-HI], Sen. Robb, Charles S. [D-VA], Sen. Bryan, Richard H. [D-NV]
Subjects
Discovery layer
Source updated
10 August 2026
Summary
Amends the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 and the Federal patent law to provide that any invention made, used, or sold in outer space on an aeronautical and space vehicle under the jurisdiction or control of the United States shall be considered made, used, or sold within the United States. Applies this provision to all patents granted before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act, with certain exceptions.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
28 February 1989
Introduced
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
28 February 1989
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
Source: IntroReferral
13 March 1989
Referred
Referred to Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks.
Source: Committee
26 July 1989
Committee
Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks. Approved for full committee consideration with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
Source: Committee
22 March 1990
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
Source: Committee
19 April 1990
Calendars
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 510.
Source: Calendars
19 April 1990
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Biden with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and an amendment to the title. With written report No. 101-266.
Source: Committee
19 April 1990
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Biden with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and an amendment to the title. With written report No. 101-266.
Source: Committee
1 May 1990
Passed
Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Voice Vote.
Source: Floor
1 May 1990
Passed
Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Voice Vote.
Source: Floor
3 May 1990
Introduced
Referred to the House Committee on Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
3 May 1990
Floor
Received in the House.
Source: Floor
3 May 1990
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
4 May 1990
Referred
Referred to the Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Administration of Justice.
Source: Committee
26 October 1990
Floor
A similar measure H.R. 2946 was laid on the table without objection.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Passed
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Passed
On passage Passed without objection.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Passed
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed without objection.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Floor
Mr. Kastenmeier asked unanimous consent to discharge from committee and consider.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Floor
Considered by unanimous consent.
Source: Floor
26 October 1990
Discharge
Committee on Judiciary discharged.
Source: Discharge
26 October 1990
Committee
Committee on Judiciary discharged.
Source: Committee
9 November 1990
Floor
Presented to President.
Source: Floor
9 November 1990
President
Presented to President.
Source: President
9 November 1990
Floor
Measure Signed in Senate.
Source: Floor
15 November 1990
Became law
Became Public Law No: 101-580.
Source: President
15 November 1990
Became law
Signed by President.
Source: BecameLaw
15 November 1990
President
Signed by President.
Source: President
Votes
No vote records are attached yet.
Versions
- Enrolled Bill · — · Download file
- Engrossed in Senate · — · Download file
- Introduced in Senate · — · Download file
- Referred in House · — · Download file
- Reported to Senate · — · Download file
Documents
9 official files
Reported to Senate (text)
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Leesvertaling
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Reported to Senate (text)
Reported to Senate · EN
Referred in House (text)
Referred in House · EN
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Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate · EN
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Engrossed in Senate (text)
Engrossed in Senate · EN
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Enrolled Bill (text)
Enrolled Bill · EN
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Public Law (PDF)
Public Law · EN · 16 November 1990
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Passed Senate amended
summary · EN · 1 May 1990
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Reported to Senate with amendment(s)
summary · EN · 19 April 1990
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Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 28 February 1989
Leesvertaling
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Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Sponsors
- Sen. Gore, Albert, Jr. [D-TN] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Hollings, Ernest F. [D-SC] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Kerry, John F. [D-MA] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Rockefeller, John D., IV [D-WV] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Kassebaum, Nancy Landon [R-KS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Bentsen, Lloyd M. [D-TX] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Inouye, Daniel K. [D-HI] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Robb, Charles S. [D-VA] · D · Cosponsor
- Sen. Bryan, Richard H. [D-NV] · D · Cosponsor
- · hsju00 · Standing
- · ssju00 · Standing
Related records
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Related across the Repo ecosystem
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Direct relationships
- Legal framework · An Act to amend title 35, United States Code, with respect to the use of inventions in outer space. · S. 459 (101st) · US
- Identifier matchPROJECTS_FROM
Same us record 101-s-459 projected from PoliticalRepo US row.
An Act to amend title 35, United States Code, with respect to the use of inventions in outer space.
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/459
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/101/s/459
- us · 101-s-459 · source updated 10 August 2026