Question 16535 — pensions: general

Summary

Mr. Christophe Marion questions the Minister of Labor and Solidarity on the persistent inequalities in the calculation of pensions for multiple pensioners, falling under both public and private schemes. An insured person can contribute to several retirement plans during their career. Although the general regime and that of the civil service are aligned on the legal age conditions, pension rates, reference incomes and coefficients reduction (discount) remain calculated according to separate rules. No single text currently governs the situation of multiple pensioners, which leads to the application of different legal provisions for the calculation of their rights. Since 1950, French legislation has attempted to coordinate basic pension schemes, in particular through so-called “coordination” decrees. These texts gradually broadened their scope of application: first between employee schemes, then between employees and non-employees and finally between the general scheme and special schemes, including that of the civil service. The objective was to take into account the entire career of a multiple pensioner when calculating their pensions. Since July 1, 2017, the proration of the average annual salary (SAM) has been eliminated, because the careers are now merged: retirement of a multiple pensioner should be calculated over the best 25 years, all aligned schemes combined. However, in reality, dysfunctions persist: for the private system, only 90 quarters (i.e. 22.5 years) are sometimes used, while the principle is based on a number of quarters contributed and not on a number of years. Some pension funds retain the first years of contributions, often from employment students or precarious career starts, instead of the best 25 years. This bias is particularly penalizing for policyholders whose career in the general system is less than 25 years, further reducing their rights, even though they often started working early and contributed throughout their lives. These calculation methods result in a loss of several hundred euros per month for retirees who have mostly completed back and forth between the public and private sectors. The 2023 pension reform aimed precisely to strengthen coordination between schemes. In a context where careers are likely to diversify, he would like to know what concrete measures the Government intends to implement to correct these inequalities and guarantee a fair calculation of pensions for multi-pensioners.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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