Question 17103 — teaching

Summary

Mr. Hadrien Clouet draws the attention of the Minister of National Education to the danger incurred by students, teachers and public agents of the local public educational establishment (EPLE) Toulouse-Lautrec in Toulouse. They were overexposed to the heatwave during the beginning of summer 2026, and the absence of any structural measure places them in the same situation for any future episode, whether in September 2026 or in June 2027. In Toulouse-Lautrec, from June 16, 2026, teachers noted temperatures above 35°C in certain classrooms, while the maximum outside temperature in the shade did not exceed 33°C. On June 23, 31°C was recorded in a classroom at 10 a.m., and 34°C in the staff room. On June 24, 2026, the 31.5°C recorded at 8:30 a.m. in room 117 reached 32.8°C at 10 a.m. in room 119, with a peaked at 35.2°C in the staff room at 10:42 a.m. On June 25, in the middle of a red alert episode, 30.7°C was recorded in room 105 and up to 34°C in room 113 at 9:43 a.m. An average difference of 8°C was also noted between the administration premises (cooler) and the classrooms, with readings on the second floor sometimes exceeding happily at 38°C. These levels far exceed the thresholds of vigilance set by the INRS (30°C for an office activity, 28°C for an activity requiring concentration or sustained physical effort), thresholds that teaching, by its nature, reaches daily. The health of users and staff is threatened: many people have reported headaches, nausea, severe fatigue and an inability to concentrate in the morning. In May 2026, during the episode of strong heat, several people were taken care of by families or emergency services. Teachers report largely degraded teaching and learning conditions, sometimes even impossible, with students lying on tables, exhausted, sleeping in thermal kettles and therefore cannot count on the establishment to have a few bearable hours. At the department level Haute-Garonne, during this scorching period in June, more than 300 RSST forms were submitted. The responses provided (distribution of water, partial relocation to cooler rooms when the schedule allows, suspension of classes in the afternoon only when 40°C is announced) remain insufficient given the scale of the problem. In defiance of common sense, staff were refused, between 8:30 a.m. and 10:20 a.m., the possibility to go with the students to the playground to breathe fresher air, even though the outside temperature in the shade was lower than that of the classrooms (already at 32°C) and the thermal experience in the open air is not comparable to that of confined air. These alerts must not be ignored, as an entry in the single risk assessment document (DUER) was ignored in 2021, indicating that the Thermal standards for EPLE Toulouse-Lautrec buildings are now obsolete and amplify heatwave phenomena. That’s already five years lost due to state inaction. The building, built in 2009, has facades made of aluminum composite panels which reverberate heat inside, large glazed surfaces without external solar protection, blinds integrated into the double glazing which are broken and blocked, as well as windows that were boarded up, with defective seals or even unhinged, which three times found themselves in an unstable and dangerous position above the playground. The Ministry of National Education cannot continue to rely on local authorities: for nine years successive governments have been reducing the budgets of local authorities, which do not have sufficient room for maneuver to engage such work. The ministry must act and provide financial support from the state. Because, more broadly, beyond the situation of the Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec establishment, it is all the schools, as well as all the middle and high schools that are suffering. 80% of primary schools were built between 1950 and 1975 and, according to union estimates, between 10 and 20% of buildings are in a significant state of deterioration. Only 14 % meet “low energy consumption building” standards according to the Ministry of National Education. The State is helping to make the situation worse: between the 2024 finance law and that of 2026, the Green Fund lost 1.65 billion euros. In 2025, 352 applications were financed for 80.5 million euros in grants awarded, which represents a significant decrease compared to 2024 of 68% of applications and 79% of subsidies. As of May 2026, the same causes have produced the same effects: a SNES-FSU survey indicates that nearly 78% of middle and high schools surveyed reported more than 30°C in class during this heat episode, and more than 33°C in one in five establishments. On Monday, June 22, 2026, FSU-SNUipp revealed that the average primary school temperature was 32.1°C, based on readings from 5,147 schools. The budgets of local authorities are insufficient to adapt the EPLEs to such a situation, and even less in an emergency, since they have not anticipated anything. In 2023, the Haute-Garonne department decided on a heatwave plan of 100 million euros, or 1 million euros per college, to be implemented over five years. However, the Ukrainian crisis has impacted departmental budgets, to the point that this heatwave plan was put on hold in 2025. As a result, the colleges of Haute-Garonne have not benefited from sufficient adaptations, or even had access to ineffective devices constituting a waste of public money: air stratifiers, effective only up to 28°C and in no way meeting current needs. On July 3, DASEN announced in the departmental CSA an envelope of 10,000 euros per EPLE to finance cooling equipment, put forward by EDF. That results in a fixed bonus per piece of equipment, equipment which is currently out of stock. Speculation has once again canceled out the good intentions of the private sector. He therefore asks him if he intends to urgently install exterior solar protection, such as adjustable sunshades and anti-heat films, as well as the installation of ceiling fans in each room, if it intends to seriously consider air conditioning in public establishments serving vulnerable members of the public, and if it plans to consult with national education unions to develop clear protocols on adapting the opening hours of EPLEs during heatwaves.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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