Question 21688 — natural disasters

Summary

Mr. Daniel Labaronne questions the Minister of the Interior on the recognition of the state of natural disaster in the phenomena of movements of clayey soil during periods of drought. The interministerial decree (INTE1824834A) of September 18, 2018 (Official Journal of October 20, 2018) did not recognize the state of natural disaster in any of the municipalities of Indre-et-Loire. However, almost a third of the municipalities (91 out of 277) had requested the recognition in natural disasters. In 2017, the State recognized 17 municipalities eligible for compensation. In 2018, hundreds of buildings located in the municipalities of the department were affected by major disasters following ground movements, linked to a phenomenon of drying and rehydration of the soil. Following this, residents suffered damage which had a lasting impact on their homes, that is to say, cracked walls, and therefore, significant dangers for individuals. The risk or “hazard” of shrinkage-swelling of clays is one of the geological risks managed since 1989 by the “Cat Nat” procedure. It is this recognition that allows compensation for victims of shrinkage-swelling. However, since 2011 no municipality in Indre-et-Loire has been recognized as “Cat Nat”. These are thus thousands of owners in Indre-et-Loire having seen “cracks” appear in their homes (some of which have sometimes become uninhabitable) due to successive droughts. They are now waiting for this recognition to carry out suitable work allowing them to live peacefully in their home. Currently, the compensation system is defined in articles L. 125-1 et seq. of the insurance code. The commission responsible for examining applications relies on a model which has been repeatedly denounced as having flaws in identifying disaster areas. This model applies to a geographical grid divided into zones of 8 km by 8 km. Due to this network, certain owners are refused recognition in natural disasters as well as compensation while their neighbors will be compensated for the same damage only. reason that they do not reside on the same geographical grid. In its response to written question no. 24767, the previous Government indicated that it was working to improve the processing of requests. Also, he would like to know the conclusions of this work and the measures envisaged to facilitate procedures, to modernize and strengthen the justice of the system.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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