Question 24592 — overseas

Summary

Mr. Jean-Luc Mélenchon draws the attention of the Minister of Ecological and Inclusive Transition to the consequences of rising water levels in Mayotte. The French department of Mayotte is very exposed to rising water levels. Two phenomena combine. First, the appearance of an underwater volcano 15 kilometers from the Mahoran coast sucks up the magma reserve on which the island rests. This causes an unprecedented subsidence of the island since it has lost 15 centimeters in just one year. Consequently, it becomes all the more vulnerable to rising water levels induced by climate change. Thus, for Virginie Duvat, contributor to the IPCC report, Mayotte is one of “those territories on the front line of the impacts of rising sea levels”. The catastrophic consequences of these two phenomena are already there. In August 2019, an episode of high tides flooded several road infrastructures and the Mayotte airport. In September 2019, several villages were flooded due to a rise of more than 4 meters in sea level. The department of Mayotte is particularly poorly prepared to deal with this consequence of global warming. This is mainly due to underinvestment by the State. 40% of homes are makeshift houses built from sheet metal. 80% of villages are coastal. The wastewater evacuation and waste collection and treatment system is totally defective. Regular floods in these conditions will quickly turn into social disasters. In 2018, Mayotte was allocated a budget of 1.6 billion euros in public investments as part of a convergence plan. However, this plan does not include a component to adapt the infrastructure and housing on the island as the waters rise. He therefore asks what measures will be taken by the French Government to prepare Mayotte for rising water levels.

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