Question 30418 — diseases

Summary

Ms. Frédérique Tuffnell alerts the Minister of Solidarity and Health to the growing threat posed by zoonotic infections today. Among these diseases, leptospirosis, or more commonly called “rat disease”, is an infectious disease, of the bacterial type. Each year, there are around 600 new cases of leptospirosis in France and this number has been increasing significantly in recent years. The number of cases on the territory has been established in a sustainable manner since 2014, and France is one of the industrialized countries with the highest incidence (1 case per 100,000 inhabitants). Rodents (rats, coypus, etc.) constitute the main vector of transmission since they excrete it in their urine. Contamination occurs in particular through contact with infected animals and contaminated environments (water, rivers, ponds, swimming pools, etc.). Benign, the disease can, however, degenerate and become fatal for humans, causing severe pulmonary, hepatic, renal or hemorrhagic complications. Leptospirosis is mainly associated with occupational risks in certain sectors, such as sanitation, public works, hunting, or even agriculture, fish farming and the maintenance of natural spaces. At the same time, cases due to leisure activities are those who progress the fastest. Charente-Maritime is one of the departments where cases have been declared among swimmers during a leisure activity. This fatal disease remains poorly understood among those practicing high-risk leisure activities or even among the general public, both in terms of the pathology, symptoms and modes of contamination. This is why she asks him what is planned to widely develop prevention among the population, and the actions envisaged in this area in order to truly take this public health problem into account.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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