Question 3956 — housing

Summary

Ms. Gisèle Lelouis draws the attention of the Minister to the Minister of Regional Planning and Decentralization, responsible for housing, to the recurring dilapidation of certain HLMs in France and particularly in priority neighborhoods. In Marseille, nearly 40,000 homes are classified as unworthy housing, a significant number of which are located in the northern districts. As a reminder, article 1-1 of law no. 90-449 of 31 May 1990 aimed at the implementation of the right to housing provides that "constitute unsuitable housing premises or installations used for residential purposes and unfit by nature for this use, as well as housing whose condition, or that of the building in which they are located, exposes the occupants to obvious risks which could harm their physical safety or their health". Eugène Michelis, who was the first secretary of the OPHBM in 1919 (Public Office for Cheap Housing), rejected any project to buy out unsanitary housing which he described as "filthy shacks and slums" to replace them with large collective housing buildings also called "towers". Building is a necessity but renovating and maintaining go hand in hand. If the Government's current policy did not reproduce this erroneous pattern, then the Aubagne drama of 2018, which caused the death of 8 people following the collapse of a building in the city center, could have been avoided. Again, on December 4, 2023, a building collapsed in Chutes-Lavie in the 4th arrondissement of Marseille. 37 people had to be relocated. Health risks must also be taken into account such as mold which can be a vector of respiratory infections. However, it is also a question of poor maintenance tools necessary for the mobility of residents within the building. Unsanitary stairwells which serve as a hideout for drug dealers, thus disturbing the residents' right to peace and causing some of them to give up leaving their homes so as not to have to cross their path. In even more extreme cases, tenants can no longer access their accommodation because of squatters. In an article in Le Figaro published on May 28, 2024, owners armed themselves with machetes to try to dislodge the squatters and return to their residence, in the constituency of the Member of Parliament. Almost systematic elevator breakdowns complicate the lives of local residents and more particularly that of the most vulnerable people such as seniors and citizens with disabilities. On this subject, the MP invites the Minister to Marseille to discuss report. This policy of turning a deaf ear when it comes to carrying out work, developments or renovations penalizes the individuals concerned as well as families in general who sometimes have to go up to the fifteenth floor using the stairs. For those who are unable to make such a physical effort, then it is isolation. Law No. 2003-590 of July 2, 2003 town planning and housing known as the “SAE law” of July 2003 made it compulsory to secure all existing elevators and article R. 162-1 of the construction and housing code provides that “collective residential buildings and their surroundings must be built and arranged so as to be accessible to disabled people, whatever their disability”. The accessibility obligation relates in particular to common circulation interior and exterior, part of the car parking spaces, housing, elevators, collective premises and their equipment. This abandonment is not and will never be acceptable. In the name of the freedom to come and go protected by articles 2 and 4 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, she asks him when the Government will stop forcing elders and citizens with disabilities to a unchosen isolation. Residents are already impacted by drug traffickers who disrupt their movement within buildings. If security remains the main subject, the living space must also be up to standard. She asks him what his intentions are on this matter.

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