Question 5075 — agricultural education

Summary

Mr. Jean-Claude Raux alerts the Minister of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty about the elimination of positions in technical agricultural education from the start of the 2025 school year. The draft orientation law for sovereignty in agricultural matters and the renewal of generations, definitively adopted on February 20, 2025, sets in its article 7 a very serious objective: an increase of 30%, compared to 2022, in the number of learners in agricultural technical education training which prepares them for agricultural careers. This objective is all the more crucial as 50% of active agricultural workers will be in retirement within five to eight years and the agroecological transition of practices is a necessity in the face of accelerating climate change. In this context, technical agricultural education constitutes a lever essential for the renewal of generations and training, initial and continuing, in new agricultural models. At the same time, the initial finance law for 2025 provides for the elimination of 45 full-time equivalents (FTEs) in technical agricultural education from the start of the 2025 school year, i.e. 20 FTEs in private education and 25 FTEs in public education. These deletions appear to be in total contradiction with the objectives set by law and give rise to great misunderstanding. The MP recalls that a letter signed by around thirty parliamentarians was sent to the Prime Minister on January 23, 2025 to alert him to the deleterious consequences of the elimination of these 45 jobs. This is 30,000 fewer hours of hourly staffing for public high schools. Since January, this decline has resulted in abandoned training opening projects, closures, freezes or groupings of classes, including BTSA which have nevertheless been open for registration on Parcoursup and a reduction in reception capacities. This decision comes at a time when the number of students in agricultural education is increasing again (+ 0.8% in the field of production in 2024-2025, both academically and through apprenticeship). The risk is obviously to disrupt the dynamic regained by degrading the capacities and reception conditions of the public training tool. While the elimination of 4,000 teaching positions in national education was finally abandoned during the adoption of the finance bill for 2025, carrying out such a policy of budget cuts in technical agricultural education calls into question the consideration given to it. In any case, this elimination of positions will lead to a weakening of public technical agricultural education, which is mainly concerned, although it is a major player in rural areas and in training for agricultural and living professions. A completely different policy is expected to rebalance the public-private distribution in agricultural education. Thus, in Pays-de-la-Loire, only one in eight technical agricultural education learners is enrolled in public education. In Loire-Atlantique, the rate of learners in public technical agricultural education is only 13% when the national average is 44%. He therefore requests a neutralization of the elimination of positions in technical agricultural education and questions him on the draft employment plan for agricultural education to achieve the objectives defined by law in terms of training and support for future generations in agriculture.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

Timeline

1. 18 March 2025

   Question

   Source: DateQuestion

2. 20 May 2025

   Réponse

   Le Gouvernement est conscient de l'importance de l'enseignement agricole, qui forme chaque année de nombreux élèves à une grande diversité de métiers dans des secteurs essentiels, tels que la production agricole, l'agroalimentaire, les métiers de l'aménagement du paysage, de la forêt ou encore des services. Les formations de qualité y étant dispensées répondent aux besoins éducatifs des apprenants, des professionnels et des territoires et contribuent au renouvellement des générations. La dotation allouée par le ministère de l'agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire aux établissements d'enseignement publics et privés dépend des moyens votés par le Parlement en loi de finances. À cet égard, la préparation de la rentrée scolaire 2025 s'organise dans un contexte où le ministère chargé de l'agriculture a dû contribuer, comme la très grande majorité des autres ministères, à l'effort de maîtrise des dépenses publiques. Cela se traduit concrètement par une diminution au niveau national de 45 équivalents temps plein. Cette baisse des effectifs a lieu dans un contexte où, en 2024, le schéma d'emplois était le plus favorable depuis 10 ans. Le Gouvernement veille néanmoins, malgré cette baisse, à la préservation de la qualité des enseignements et du maillage territorial des formations. Dans ce contexte, les services du ministère de l'agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire ont attribué, dès la fin de l'année 2024, une première enveloppe de dotation par région, fondée sur une analyse fine de l'évolution des effectifs d'apprenants dans les établissements. De plus, les services du ministère chargé de l'agriculture sont en échange permanent avec les établissements afin de les accompagner au mieux. L'État demeure pleinement engagé en faveur de l'enseignement agricole et de la défense de son modèle, de ses spécificités et de son rôle crucial dans le renouvellement des générations en agriculture.

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• Jean-Claude Raux · auteur

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