Question 8265 — consumption

Summary

Origin marking is optional and voluntary in the member states of the European Union (EU). Only certain agricultural or food products are exceptions. Thus, when a mention “Made in France” or “Made in France” is affixed to a product, it means that it claims French origin with regard to the rules of origin applicable within the European Union, in accordance with the conventions adopted by the Organization World Trade Organization (WTO). It is on the basis of these rules and under Article 39 of the national customs code that the General Directorate of Customs and Indirect Duties (DGDDI) can control the regularity of markings of French origin on import and possibly sanction infringements of these rules. When the goods are released for consumption in France, controls are then carried out by management general of competition, consumption and the repression of fraud which verifies that this marking is not likely to mislead the consumer about the origin of the product (articles L. 121-2 of the consumer code), under penalty of sanction. The rules of origin defined at European level by Articles 59 to 63 of the Union Customs Code and by Articles 31 to 36 of the delegated acts must be respected. These rules allow to establish the “nationality” of a product when the manufacturing stages involve several countries. In order to secure this marking of origin, customs services now suggest that companies make a request for Information on Made in France (IMF). These requests are processed in a personalized manner so that companies investing in producing in France can promote their know-how to their partners and consumers. Thus, all goods claiming “French origin” must have undergone their last significant transformation on national territory. In this context, packaging and assembly operations are not sufficient transformations to be issued an IMF. This approach aims to defend economic activity and high value-added jobs in France. There DGDDI also provides companies with personalized advice on the origin of products via its network of business advisory units. Companies wishing to display more guarantees to consumers and demonstrate certification as to the origin of their product can opt for a paid certification process via private collective brands, such as Origine France Garantie. These brands must at least respect the rules of origin defined by the Union customs code, to which are then added certain specific criteria in their specifications.

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