Question 9171 — rail transport

Summary

Mr. Aly Diouara alerts the Minister to the Minister of Regional Planning and Decentralization, responsible for transport, about the persistent noise pollution affecting the inhabitants of Drancy, Le Bourget and neighboring municipalities, in connection with two major railway infrastructures: the Drancy-Le Bourget marshalling station and the CDG Express line currently under construction. The marshalling yard, one of the largest in France, is located in the heart of a dense and popular urban fabric, exposing thousands of local residents to very high noise levels. These nuisances, linked in particular to the gravitational braking of wagons, generate sleep disorders, chronic stress and associated pathologies. Even more, they contribute to a phenomenon of residential segregation through noise, because families with the means to leave these areas move away, leaving room for a concentration of modest populations, trapped in degraded environments. This is how a residential area located in the immediate vicinity of the marshalling yard was classified as a priority district for city policy in 2023, not because of its urban structure, but because of this constant sound pressure. This observation clearly raises a question of social and territorial justice. In neighborhoods Already economically weakened, local residents are doubly penalized by being both exposed to nuisances and excluded from any effective compensation system. This in fact implies ghettoization by noise, i.e. an invisible but real spatial allocation mechanism, which permanently exposes the inhabitants of working-class neighborhoods to the negative externalities of large national infrastructures, without equitable access to protections, consultations or relocations. However, technical solutions exist. A light lubrication system for the rails before braking, tested in Slovenia and Germany, allows a reduction of more than 90% in squealing. If the State is committed to co-financing its deployment via the recovery plan, the deadlines, the actual coverage of the site and the transparency on the progress of the project remain unclear. At the same time, the construction site CDG Express, more than 80% completed, also raises serious concerns. Although 15 million euros have been allocated for acoustic protection, this represents less than 1% of the total budget and only covers part of the route. Several densely populated and socially fragile neighborhoods in Drancy, La Courneuve, Aulnay or Le Bourget do not currently benefit from any sound attenuation measures. This imbalance fuels a strong feeling of local injustice and questions republican equality in the face of the nuisances caused by large public infrastructures. Faced with this dual problem, he asked what the exact status of the deployment of the sound reduction system by lubricating the rails at the Drancy marshalling yard is, including in terms of areas covered, budget actually committed and future timetable. He would also like to know the means additional funds the Government intends to allocate to compensate for the nuisances of the CDG Express in the working-class neighborhoods of Seine-Saint-Denis which suffer its effects. He would also like to know why these territories do not fully benefit from protection measures. Finally, he asks how the State intends to guarantee real equality between territories in the face of railway noise and ensure that populations The most fragile must not be forgotten by national development with unevenly distributed consequences.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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