Question 9351 — housing

Summary

Mr. Romain Eskenazi questions the Minister of Ecological Transition, Biodiversity, Forests, Sea and Fisheries on the remedies applicable to energy performance diagnostics (DPE). The DPE has established itself as the pillar of the energy renovation policy. The result of almost 20 years of development, it nevertheless arouses incomprehension among a large number of owners concerned about the environment. Its complexity gives the image of a vertical and restrictive measure without consistency with the objectives of energy sobriety and reduction of CO2 emissions. The report from the Court of Auditors published this year can only corroborate the feeling of the French. He underlines the need “to clarify and adjust the system” and points to a very significant proportion of “ anomalies ” (70%) among the DPEs examined as part of his investigation. This observation is all the more alarming as it discredits a system already considered biased and arbitrary. The Court also underlines structural limits which remain: strong penalization of old buildings, as well as the overvaluation of the consumption of housing heated with electricity, due to the application of a primary energy conversion coefficient (x 2.3) which numerous studies consider overrated. These weaknesses not only weaken the legitimacy of the DPE, but they also risk undermining confidence in all public energy transition policies. If the professionalization and control of diagnosticians is an essential step to increase its reliability, these measures cannot be sufficient. Revised and generalized in 2021, the 3CL-DPE method is based on modeling conventional and provides a theoretical indicator of the energy performance of housing, independently of actual uses. This approach is the subject of recurring criticism from both real estate professionals and individuals, who point out its limits in terms of reliability and readability. The introduction of elements based on actual consumption would strengthen the precision and credibility of the diagnosis. In addition, since the 2021 reform, the DPE has become legally enforceable but only before the judge. Owners do not have a challenge mechanism specific to the DPE, such as exists, for example, for driving licenses or fines. Owners must, depending on the case, turn to justice and initiate long and costly procedures. In a context where DPE becomes a structuring tool for energy renovation policies, the establishment of a specific, simple and accessible avenue of appeal would make it possible to establish a constructive dialogue between citizens and the actors involved (approved organizations, ADEME). This dialogue would then contribute to a continuous and more democratic improvement of the DPE. He therefore asks her if she intends to consider regulatory adjustments allowing the integration of empirical data of actual consumption, within the framework of a new specific remedy; such a development would be likely to restore citizens' confidence and consolidate the effectiveness of energy efficiency policies.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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