Question 9545 — diseases

Summary

Celiac disease or gluten intolerance is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small intestine, of autoimmune origin, which leads to malabsorption of various nutrients, vitamins and minerals. It is caused by a food antigen contained in the protein fraction (gluten) of certain cereals (wheat, rye, barley). In the absence of curative drug treatment, treatment is based on complete withdrawal and permanent gluten from the diet. Celiac disease can affect children as well as adults. In the latter, the manifestations are of variable character and intensity as is the age of onset, which leads to underdiagnosis and unsuitable treatment for a long time. Follow-up includes looking for comorbidities and complications. The prevalence of celiac disease in the general population is not known: figure of 1% of the population is regularly cited for France. A familial nature is described in approximately 10% of cases. Celiac disease must be distinguished from gluten allergy, which is a food allergy, and from non-celiac gluten sensitivity, which remains a controversial nosological entity. As announced, the Minister of Solidarity and Health actually asked the High Health Authority to draft recommendations for good practice on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of celiac disease in children and adults, supplementing and updating if necessary the work it has already carried out on biological diagnosis. These recommendations should make it possible to better identify sick people and define their optimal care pathway. They are a necessary prerequisite for building a health strategy public.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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