Question 9786 — energy and fuels

Summary

The 2009 directive on the internal electricity market sets ambitious objectives for the deployment of smart meters, aiming to equip 80% of households with such devices by 2020. Following an experimental phase involving the deployment of 300,000 meters in the Tours and Lyon regions, the Energy Regulatory Commission carried out a favorable evaluation of the system in 2011. Public authorities have therefore decided to generalize the deployment of smart meters throughout the national territory. Regarding health effects, several studies have been carried out by the National Frequency Agency (ANFR) and the National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) and show that exposure levels are much lower than regulatory standards. Campaigns Measurements of exposure to electromagnetic waves were in fact carried out in 2016 and 2017 by the National Institute of the Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), the Scientific and Technical Building Center (CSTB) and the ANFR on meters in the laboratory and installed in housing. These measurements showed that the meters produce a weak electromagnetic field that is well below the regulatory limit values. Of Furthermore, the level of exposure decreases very quickly with the distance from the meter or along the electrical circuit inside a home. Laboratory measurements carried out by ANFR show that the magnetic field at 30 cm from the Linky meter is of the same order of magnitude as that of a computer charger and almost three times lower than that of a TV screen. The electric field at 30 cm from the Linky meter is similar to that of old meters, comparable to that of a TV screen and ten times less than that of a compact fluorescent lamp. In June 2017, ANSES made public its expert report on the population's exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by "smart meters". The main lessons of this opinion are: - that the exposure levels generated by smart meters are very low compared to regulatory values, and are comparable to those emitted by household electrical or electronic devices (TV screens, cordless electric drill, etc.); - that it is unlikely that exposure to the waves emitted could cause short or long term health effects. The Minister of State, Minister of Ecological and Inclusive Transition, nevertheless asked ENEDIS to be particularly attentive to electrosensitive people. Since June 6, the national wave monitoring and measurement system managed by the ANFR has evolved and allows any citizen to have their exposure measured free of charge associated with fixed communicating objects such as the Linky meter. ANSES will continue its studies on future developments in the meter in order to continue to measure its impacts on users. Concerning data protection, all regulatory provisions are in place to guarantee the confidentiality of the data of all users. The consumer's agreement is therefore a prerequisite for any collection by the network operator or any transmission to third parties. However, the conditions are not always clear to consumers who do not know what they are committing to. The minister asked, during a meeting with all stakeholders on June 26, suppliers and ENEDIS to review their communication on the subject, in order to demonstrate the greatest transparency and more education.

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