Question 9992 — tourism and leisure

Summary

All the measures for heritage, included in the multi-annual strategy presented on November 17, 2017 by the Ministry of Culture, demonstrate the latter's ambition to contribute to the tourist development of the territories. Likewise, with regard to museums, the adaptation of their opening hours to the contemporary pace of life, adjusted prices, a welcome and services adjusted to the reasons and circumstances of the visit and a choice of mediation for all categories of visitors appear, independently of the measures recommended by the report relating to the evaluation of the tourist reception policy in France, in the recommendations put forward by the report of the Museums of the 21st century mission in March 2017. The performance contracts of national museums and monuments provide, as part of the axis aiming to maintain for each activity establishments high-level attendance, to place the museum or monument within the international cultural and tourist landscape and the networks that make it up. The use of automated ticketing and online sales, via delegates and relays on sites with a large audience (FNAC, Booking.com, Place Minute agency, etc.) is among the initiatives taken by national heritage establishments to reach more tourist audiences and is strongly encouraged by ministerial supervision. To date, a certain number of heritage establishments already have these tools: there are 41 sites out of the 100 managed by the Center of National Monuments having their own automated ticketing and 28 museums out of the 44 in the national network. In consultation with public establishments, the Ministry of Culture is considering the possibilities of further deploy electronic ticketing. Possibilities regarding the extension of opening hours and the elimination of the weekly closing day are the subject of proposals, both at governmental and ministerial level. For example, among the eight projects set by the President of the Republic for national museums during his meeting with their presidents and directors on March 13, there is a measure aimed at allowing museums to better act on their opening hours to adapt to the needs of the public. To this end, this year the Ministry of Culture entrusted the Louvre Museum with the task of carrying out a twelve-month experiment in organizing late-night events on Saturday evenings. At the end of the experiment, an assessment will be drawn up and presented to all museums for possible generalization. The previous Government had requested, in 2014, the opening “7 days a week” for the Louvre and Orsay museums and the Palace of Versailles. These cultural establishments had in fact seen their cumulative attendance increase from 13 to 21 million visits between 2004 and 2014 (+ 60%). This measure therefore aimed to respond to the overcrowding of large museums which was to the detriment of cultural democratization. In a report submitted in April 2015, the general inspection of cultural affairs had proposed implementation scenarios compatible with the constraints of conservation of works, the organization of establishments and the working conditions of agents. Following meetings with national unions, the principle of devoting this additional opening day to welcoming school and extracurricular groups, groups in the social field and people in disability situation had been privileged. At the same time, a draft framework agreement had been developed with the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research. The objective was to compensate for the saturation of slots reserved for artistic and cultural education programs and to create, for the youngest audiences and those most removed from culture, privileged visiting conditions. This The device had the mechanical effect of welcoming visitors, particularly tourists, in better conditions on other days. The measure was implemented gradually from the start of the 2016 school year, in a manner adapted to each establishment and in consultation with trade union organizations. It was accompanied by a considerable effort in terms of developing new mediation tools (tools educational, guided tours, etc.) and creation of marked and original routes, without prejudice to usual activities. The Ministry of Culture's efforts also focused on creating additional jobs. Thus, 85 jobs, including 65 net creations, were notified to the three establishments, both in administrative and supervisory positions. The costs, which mainly relate to the payroll, have been integrated in the budget of the ministry and those of the establishments concerned. 2017 was the first full year of implementation of this measure. The three establishments drew up a positive assessment qualitatively, but far below the envisaged attendance objectives (13,479 visitors out of the 200,000 targeted by the ministry). Some avenues for improvement could be proposed to establishments that are struggling to find levers improvement in the face of difficulties in finding available speakers and communication reinforcements with little effect on attendance. The ministry will work to reflect with the stakeholders of the establishments concerned on the possibilities that the action plan for museums of March 13, mentioned above, provides. In the area of ​​mediation, the efforts deployed by the Ministry of Culture focus on young and school audiences, in accordance with the strategy and the targeted issues in terms of artistic and cultural education. A certain number of measures will thus be gradually applied. They will include: the amplification of the implementation of artistic and cultural education modules in the curriculum of the Higher Schools of Teaching and Education, ensuring the presence of art history modules; the addition of same art history modules in the national training plan of the Ministry of National Education; the study of the service offering of the Réunion des musées nationaux - Grand Palais through training provided by tour guides, and the possible implementation of online courses; the study of the establishment of an obligation to make educational resources available (digital and cases) in museums in France; the inventory of existing platforms (“Éduthèque”, “Panorama of art”, “History of the arts”, “History of the image”) and the study of the reception of the “History through images” platform, to possibly recast all of these provisions into a unified project, supported by a state start-up; the development of an application from the Mona Lisa database, to transform it into an application for schools, with support from state start-ups or private entrepreneurs. It is useful to remember on this subject that the civic service system, calling on young volunteers, is not intended to replace or strengthen the staff supposed to provide mediation in heritage establishments. Furthermore, improvements to the reception of the public in museums (human mediation and digital tools) will be developed on the basis of basis of concrete proposals resulting from the Museums of the 21st century mission. It should also be remembered that the reform of guide-lecturers, undertaken in 2011, and included both in the tourism code (articles L. 221-1 and R. 221-1) and article 109 of law no. 2016-925 of July 7, 2016 relating to freedom of creation, architecture and heritage, has the effect of requiring tourist operators to have recourse to qualified people holding a professional guide-lecturer card to lead guided tours in French museums and historic monuments. A Government instruction, dated May 14, signed by the ministers responsible for the economy and finance and culture, makes it possible to broaden the scope of activities that can be taken into account as professional experience and to issue the professional guide-lecturer card to categories of mediators who could not carry out commented conduct in heritage establishments. As such, architecture and heritage facilitators, speakers from cities and countries of art and history, national and regional, local or auxiliary interpretive guides, oral or signed language mediators, collections and architecture within a group in rooms or workshops within heritage establishments, oral mediators in natural heritage matters, teachers providing practical lessons in oral mediation of heritage within the framework of professional licenses and masters of guide-lecturer, can submit an application for a professional card. This opening of the conditions for granting the professional card will thus allow operators tourism to benefit from the assistance of dedicated mediation professionals and to rely on a larger pool of guide-lecturers.

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