United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Reciprocal Trade and Investment Act of 1982 - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to set forth provisions dealing with foreign trade barriers. Directs the United States Trade Representative (USTR), through the interagency trade organization established pursuant to the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, to identify, analyze, and estimate the impact of practices that constitute significant barriers to or distortions of: (1) U.S. export of goods or services; and (2) foreign direct investment by U.S. persons, especially if it has implications for trade in goods or services. Sets forth factors to be considered by the USTR in such analysis. Directs the USTR to update the analysis annually. Directs the USTR to submit the analysis to the appropriate congressional committees. Requires the report to include any action taken to eliminate such trade barriers. Directs the USTR to consult with Congress on trade policy priorities. Directs Federal agencies to furnish information and other assistance to prepare such analysis. Authorizes the President to respond to a foreign entity's unfair trade practices by taking action with respect to any goods or sector of such entity without regard to whether the goods or sector were involved in the unfair trade practice. (Current law provides that the President may take action against the products or services of the foreign entity.) Authorizes the President to propose legislation to protect U.S. trade rights or to eliminate unfair trade practices. Requires such legislative proposals to be given priority treatment. Requires a summary of a petition for a trade investigation by the USTR to be published in the Federal Register (currently, the entire petition must be published) if the USTR decides to begin an investigation with respect to the issues raised by the petition. Authorizes the USTR to initiate an investigation in order to advise the President concerning the exercise of the President's authority to take action against unfair trade practices. Directs the USTR to consult with the appropriate congressional committees before beginning such an investigation. Authorizes the USTR to delay for up to 90 days any request for consultation by a foreign entity concerning a petition for investigation into unfair trade practices. Directs the USTR to publish notice of the delay in the Federal Register and to report to Congress the reasons for the delay. Changes the definition of "commerce" for purposes of foreign trade investigations to include: (1) services associated with international trade, whether or not related to specific goods (currently products); and (2) foreign direct investment by U.S. persons with implications for trade in goods or services. Defines "unreasonable", "unjustifiable", and "discriminatory" for purposes of such investigations. Prohibits making information which the USTR has received in a trade investigation available to the public, if: (1) the person who provided the information makes a specified certification; (2) the USTR determines that such certification is well-founded; and (3) the person providing the information provides an adequate nonconfidential summary. Authorizes the USTR to use the information in trade investigations or to make it available to the public in a form which cannot identify the person providing the information. Sets forth the principal U.S. negotiating objectives with respect to trade in services, foreign direct investment, and high technology products. Directs the USTR to develop and coordinate the implementation of U.S. policies concerning trade in services. Requires Federal agencies responsible for regulating any service sector industry to advise and work with the USTR concerning: (1) the treatment afforded U.S. services sector interest in foreign markets; or (2) allegations of unfair practices by foreign governments or companies in a service sector. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to establish a service industries development program. Sets forth the goals of the program. Expresses the policy of the Congress that the President shall: (1) consult with State governments on trade policy issues affecting the regulatory authority on non-Federal governments or their procurement of goods and services; and (2) establish one or more intergovernmental policy advisory committees on trade. Authorizes the President to establish policy advisory committees representing non-Federal governmental interests to provide policy advice on trade negotiating objectives, bargaining positions, and the implementation of trade agreements. Authorizes the President to negotiate to reduce trade barriers in foreign direct investment by U.S. persons, especially if such investment has implications for trade in goods and services. Authorizes the President to enter into agreements concerning high technology industries. Authorizes the President to proclaim the modification, elimination or continuance of any existing duty, duty-free, excise treatment, or other additional duties with respect to specified high technology products listed in the U.S. Tariff Schedules. Provides for the termination of this authority five years after the enactment of this Act.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Sexual Exploitation of Children Act of 1983 - Amends the Federal criminal code dealing with the sexual exploitation of children. Increases the penalties for the sexual exploitation of children from $10,000 to $75,000 and, on a subsequent conviction, from $15,000 to $150,000. Establishes as an affirmative defense to prosecution that the medium (upon which such prosecution is based), when taken as a whole, possesses serious literary, artistic, scientific, social or educational value.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Amends Rule 12 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure to authorize a new plea of "guilty but insane" for any criminal defendant whose actions constitute all necessary elements of the offense charged but who lacks the requisite state of mind as a result of mental disease or defect. Adopts the current notice provisions for a defense of insanity for the new plea of guilty but insane. Provides for determination of a defendant's mental competency to stand trial. Permits the jury or the court in a non-jury trial to find a defendant guilty but insane. Requires the court in any such case to hold a hearing to determine the present mental condition of the convicted person. Directs the court to commit such person to the custody of the Attorney General upon a finding by a preponderance of the evidence that the person is presently suffering from a mental disease or defect as a result of which release would create a substantial danger to himself or to the person or property of another. Directs the Attorney General to release such person to a State which will assume responsibility for his custody and treatment or otherwise to hospitalize such person in a suitable facility. Requires the court to hold a hearing upon the certification by the director of the facility that such person's release will no longer create a substantial danger to himself or the person or property of another. Directs the court to order the discharge of a person who is found to have recovered. Provides for the hospitalization of persons found guilty, imprisoned persons, and persons due for release, who are found to suffer from mental disease or defect.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Domestic Commodity Distribution and Food Assistance Act - Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to distribute surplus Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) stocks to eligible agencies (as defined in this Act). Requires the CCC to pay for commodity processing with funds or with in-kind payments to the processor. Requires the Secretary to publish an annual announcement of such anticipated surplus stocks for the coming three-year period. Provides that up to 2,000,000 metric tons of wheat available under the Food Security and Wheat Reserve Act of 1980 may be used for domestic purposes. Requires the CCC to use any additional reserves to replenish such stocks. Provides for State distribution of commodities under this Act. States that if a State agency cannot meet the requests for a given commodity such agency shall give special consideration to organizations that serve low income and unemployed persons. Provides administrative money to the States to run such program. Prohibits States from charging recipient agencies for related program costs. Requires States to pay the distribution costs of organizations serving low income and unemployed persons. Requires the Secretary and the States to work with private companies and recipient agencies to make it easier for recipients to process such commodities into end use products. Directs the Secretary to use moneys saved on storage and spoilage to process commodities into food products for agencies serving low income and unemployed persons.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Broadcast Deregulation Act of 1983 - Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to prohibit the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) from regulating the programming of radio broadcast station licensees. Directs the FCC to renew a broadcast station's license if the station has not seriously violated the Communications Act and, with respect to television stations, the licensee has substantially met the needs of residents of its service area. Prohibits the FCC, when acting on a license renewal application, from considering the license application of another person for the same facilities. Directs the FCC, consistent with sound spectrum management, to encourage the introduction of new and additional services. Requires the FCC, in acting upon applications for such services, to presume the services are in the public interest whenever providing them is technically feasible without causing significant technical degradation to, or interference with, radio transmissions by other licensees. Sets forth a schedule of fees to be charged by the FCC for specified administrative services. Authorizes the FCC to increase or decrease the charges annually. Authorizes the FCC to impose penalty fees and to waive fee payments. Requires the moneys collected from these fees to be placed in the Treasury for use by the FCC. Limits the amount collected from the fees to 50 percent of the amount authorized to be appropriated to the FCC.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Agricultural Trade Reciprocity Act of 1983 - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to direct the President to determine, within 120 days of enactment, the foreign countries that: (1) impose nontariff trade barriers on imports of U.S. agricultural goods which restrict U.S. commerce or impair the growth of markets in such country for U.S. agricultural goods; or (2) provide subsidies for agricultural goods to be exported to the U.S. in order to sell such goods at a lower price than U.S. produced agricultural goods. Directs the President to publish a list of such countries within 120 days of enactment. Authorizes the President to revise such list. Authorizes any interested person to file with the United States Trade Representative (USTR) a petition alleging that a foreign country is imposing nontariff trade barriers on imports of U.S. agricultural goods or is subsidizing agricultural goods to be exported to the United States. Directs the USTR to determine whether the allegations are true and to inform the President of any such determination. Sets forth time limits on the actions by the USTR. Directs the President, within 60 days after it is determined that a country is imposing such trade barrier or unfair subsidies, to impose trade restrictions on U.S. imports of that country's products that will have an economic effect equivalent to the effect of such trade barriers or such unfair subsidies, notwithstanding any trade agreement between the United States and that country. Requires the trade restrictions to remain in effect until the President, acting through the USTR, determines that the foreign country has removed the nontariff trade barriers or the unfair subsidies. Sets forth the responsibilities of the USTR with respect to petitions for the imposition of reciprocal trade restrictions. Requires the President to publish in the Federal Register and report to Congress: (1) the results of all determinations of the existence of foreign nontariff trade barriers or unfair subsidies; and (2) all actions taken to impose reciprocal trade restrictions. Provides for judicial review of determinations by the USTR with respect to the existence of nontariff trade barriers or unfair subsidies.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Amends the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 to repeal requirements concerning: (1) employer reporting of tips received by employees; and (2) withholding of tax on dividend and interest income.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Constitutional Amendment - Requires Congress, prior to each fiscal year, to adopt a statement of receipts and outlays for that year in which total outlays are no greater than total receipts. Permits Congress in such statement to provide for a specific excess of outlays over receipts by a three-fifths vote directed solely to that subject. Prohibits total receipts for any fiscal year set forth in such statement from increasing by a rate greater than the rate of increase in national income in the last calendar year ending before such fiscal year, unless Congress passes a bill directed solely to approving specific additional receipts and such bill has become law. Permits Congress to waive the provisions of this Act with respect to any fiscal year in which a declaration of war is in effect. Declares that total receipts shall include all receipts of the United States, except those derived from borrowing and total outlays shall include all outlays of the United States except those for repayment of debt principal.
United States · United States Congress · 26 January 1983
Constitutional Amendment - Defines "person" to include the unborn for the purpose of the right to life guarantee. Makes such amendment inapplicable to laws permitting medical procedures required to prevent the death of the mother.
United States · United States Congress · 18 December 1982
Non-Immigrant Visa Waiver Act of 1982 - Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to authorize the Attorney General and the Secretary of State to establish a three-year pilot visa waiver program for up to eight countries providing a similar benefit to the United States. Sets forth program provisions.
United States · United States Congress · 15 December 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that the President should exercise his authority to issue an Executive Order disqualifying Japanese-manufactured, numerically-controlled machining centers and punching machines for the investment tax credit until Japan provides persuasive evidence to the President that certain unfair and discriminatory acts and policies restricting U.S. commerce have ceased.
United States · United States Congress · 10 December 1982
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the national security policy should reflect a national strategy of peace through strength. Sets forth the principles and goals of such a policy.
United States · United States Congress · 6 December 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that: (1) the Senate condemns and abhors the suppression of civil liberties and human rights by the Polish martial law government; (2) Americans respect the commitment to ideals manifested by the Polish people and Lech Walesa in particular; (3) Americans hope that Polish authorities will take steps to return to the Polish people their rights and liberties; and (4) the President is urged to proclaim December 12, 1982, as a national day of solidarity and prayer for Poland.
United States · United States Congress · 2 December 1982
Establishes in the Department of State the position of Under Secretary of State for Agricultural Affairs to deal with agricultural issues including U.S. policy toward farm exports.
United States · United States Congress · 30 November 1982
Federal Anti-Tampering Act - Amends the Federal criminal code to make it a Federal offense to maliciously cause or attempt to cause injury or death to any person, or injury to any business' reputation, by adulterating a food, drug, cosmetic or other product. Provides for a prison term of up to 20 years and a fine of up to $20,000 if personal injury results, or a prison term of up to life if death results. Establishes a separate offense, with similar penalties, for any person who willfully or maliciously conveys false information concerning an attempt at such adulteration, if injury or death results.
United States · United States Congress · 30 November 1982
Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949, as amended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1982, to eliminate the 50-cent producer assessment from the dairy price support program.
United States · United States Congress · 29 November 1982
Federal-Aid Highway Improvement Act of 1982 - Amends the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 to revise the authorization of appropriations for FY 1984 through 1990 for the Interstate Highway System. Authorizes appropriations out of the Highway Trust Fund for FY 1983 through 1987 for: (1) the Federal-aid primary program; (2) the Federal-aid rural program; (3) the Federal-aid urban program; (4) forest highways; (5) public lands highways; (6) bridge replacement and rehabilitation; and (7) highway safety improvements. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1983 through 1987 for Indian reservation roads. Rescinds specified unapportioned or unallocated sums authorized by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1982. Declares that no State shall receive less than one-half of one percent of the total apportionment for the Interstate System for FY 1984 through 1988. Revises apportionments for the highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation program. Requires that not less than 60 percent of apportioned funds for the Federal-aid primary, rural, and urban programs be spent on projects for resurfacing, restoring, and rehabilitating roads. Directs the Secretary of Transportation to develop a selection process for discretionary bridges according to certain criteria. Revises the apportionment ratio for resurfacing, restoring, rehabilitating, and reconstructing the Interstate System. Directs the Secretary to report to Congress on the distribution of Federal financial assistance for such activities. Amends the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1978 to extend the authorization of appropriations from FY 1983 through 1988 for resurfacing, restoring, rehabilitating, and reconstructing specified lanes on the Interstate System. Authorizes appropriations, out of the Highway Trust Fund, for FY 1983 through 1987 for substitute highway and mass transit projects. Repeals provisions concerning priority primary routes. Revises procedures concerning the Federal-aid urban and rural programs. Directs the Secretary, in consultation with the States, to establish a highway safety improvement program for projects on public roads including: (1) specified highway safety improvement projects; (2) railway-highway crossing projects; (3) highway-related safety requirements and guidelines; and (4) evaluation of the highway safety improvement program. Sets forth procedures for the implementation of such program. Revises the highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation program. Revises provisions concerning the Federal lands highways program including forest highways and park roads. Repeals provisions concerning: (1) economic growth center development highways; (2) the national scenic and recreational highway; (3) access highways to certain public recreation areas; and (4) highway crossings. Directs the Secretary to expend such sums as are necessary (up to 100 percent of costs) for carpool and vanpool projects. Authorizes the Secretary to approve financial assistance for acquisition or construction of preferential parking facilities for carpools. Prohibits the use of emergency relief funds for the repair or reconstruction of certain bridges that have been permanently closed to vehicular traffic. Requires that emergency relief funds be appropriated from the Highway Trust Fund. Revises the Federal share payable for emergency repairs or reconstruction. Allows Federal-aid highway projects to include nonconstruction programs or projects which enhance the safety and use of bicycles. Increases to 100 percent the Federal share for bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkway projects. Amends the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973 to allow limited truck traffic on the Highland Scenic Highway in West Virginia. Allows States to transfer funds allocated for a particular urbanized area to another such area. Authorizes the Secretary to discharge any of his responsibilities relative to the physical construction phase of Interstate projects using established certification acceptance procedures. Eliminates the requirement for the Secretary to make a final inspection of each such project. Requires defense access roads to be funded from monies appropriated for defense maneuvers and exercises. Authorizes the Secretary, if after 90 days following notification of a State highway department a project is still not being properly maintained, to withhold project funds for one or more of the other Federal-aid systems or programs in the State. (Presently the Secretary is required to withhold funds from all projects in the State). Requires each State on January 1 of each year to certify to the Secretary that it has a program for the Interstate Highway System in accordance with the Secretary's guidelines. Combines highway planning and research funds into a single fund for administration by the Secretary. Establishes the Federal share for any project financed by such fund. Requires provision of equal employment opportunities for highway projects without regard to sex. Authorizes the Secretary to conduct and finance training and assistance programs for minority business enterprises. Directs the Secretary to enter into agreements with other Federal agencies to minimize duplication, paperwork, and delays in the development of Federal highway projects. Sets forth limitations on obligations and State allocations for Federal-aid highways and highway safety construction programs for FY 1983 through 1987. Requires the Secretary, in cooperation with the State of Vermont, to carry out a project to demonstrate the feasibility of reducing the time required to complete highway projects by extending the coverage of State certifications to any Federal law, regulation, or policy applicable to such project. Authorizes appropriations from the Highway Trust Fund for such project. States that the Federal share of any such project shall be 100 percent of the total cost and that authorized funds shall remain available until expended. Requires the Secretary to submit a recommendation and report to Congress within six months of the project's completion. Allows the State of Alaska to expend Federal-aid highway funds on portions of an Alaskan highway that extend into Canada. Repeals the Territorial Highway Program. Amends the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1978 to repeal the acceleration of the bridge projects program. Authorizes the Secretary to carry out projects in and around Devils Lake, North Dakota, to demonstrate construction techniques to prevent wave erosion on closed basin lakes with grade level highway crossings. Authorizes appropriations from the Highway Trust Fund for FY 1983 for such projects. Authorizes the Secretary to reimburse North Dakota for funds previously expended on such projects. Sets forth the Federal share for the demonstration projects and makes authorized funding available until expended. Directs the Secretary, in cooperation with the State of Idaho, to conduct a demonstration project to study factors contributing to truck accidents. Authorizes appropriations out of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out such project. States that the Federal share of the project shall be 100 percent of the total cost and that authorized funds shall remain available until expended. Requires the Secretary to report to Congress on the results of such project not later than 180 days after its completion.
United States · United States Congress · 29 November 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that the United States should: (1) extend a grain export sales contract sanctity guarantee to the Soviet Union from November 30, 1982, until November 30, 1983; and (2) begin trade discussions with the Soviet Union in order to establish a new long-term grain sales agreement with high minimum purchase requirements.
United States · United States Congress · 1 October 1982
Title I: Armed Forces, Soldiers' Home, Coast Guard, Lighthouse Service, and Merchant Marine - Amends Federal Military laws dealing with the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Coast Guard to eliminate gender-based distinctions. Title II: Elimination of Gender-Based Distinctions Under the Old Age, Surviviors, and Disability Insurance Program, Railroad Retirement and the Work Incentive Program - Eliminates gender-based distinctions in the social security and railroad retirement programs. Title III: Amendments to United States Code - Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act, the Walsh-Healey Act, the Child Nutrition Act of 1966, the Federal Criminal Code and other Acts dealing with Indian affairs, transportation, public lands and provisions relating to Saint Elizabeth Hospital and contract law to eliminate gender-based distinctions.
United States · United States Congress · 30 September 1982
Declares that it should be U.S. policy to: (1) support the people of Afghanistan in their struggle to be free from foreign domination; (2) provide the Afghans, upon request, with material assistance; and (3) pursue a negotiated settlement of the war in Afghanistan based on the total withdrawal of Soviet troops and the recognition of the right of the Afghans to choose their own destiny.
United States · United States Congress · 21 September 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that Congress should reject any proposal to impose a means test regarding eligibility for or benefits provided by Medicare.
United States · United States Congress · 21 September 1982
Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) changes in the public power pricing practices should be the subject of extensive congressional deliberation; and (2) the current administration study of hydroelectric power policies of the Tennessee Valley Authority, other public power authorities, and Federal agencies shall be stopped until Congress has considered the subject.
United States · United States Congress · 17 September 1982
Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should take action to encourage increasing the processed product share of farm exports, including but not limited to: (1) urging U.S. negotiators to try to include a quantity of value-added processed farm products in grain agreements with the Soviet Union or other nonmarket economy countries; (2) seeking elimination of unfair trade practices by foreign competitors by pursuing international trade negotiations; (3) using the authority of Public Law 480 to encourage inclusion of more processed products under both concessional sales and food aid programs; and (4) using authorities of the Commodity Credit Corporation and the Export- Import Bank to ensure that credit arrangements for farm exports and farm product exports are on terms equal to those offered by other countries.
United States · United States Congress · 16 September 1982
Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) national efforts to reduce hunger and malnutrition should continue; (2) a national commitment to vital nutrition programs should continue; and (3) the Federal Government should retain primary responsibility for child nutrition programs.
United States · United States Congress · 15 September 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that, during the forthcoming meeting of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the Government should try to restore U.S. competitiveness in agricultural trade: (1) with particular emphasis on correcting the disparate treatment of primary and nonprimary products provided in the Subsidies Code; and (2) without reference to any existing disagreements in nonagricultural areas. Declares that the United States, pending restoration of fair and equitable trading conditions under the GATT, should try to prevent further erosion of farm exports and try to regain a foreign market share commensurate with the competitive market advantage of the U.S. farmer. Expresses the sense of the Senate that the United States should make available the funds necessary to assist exports and counteract foreign unfair trading practices. Declares that restoring U.S. farm export competitiveness will help create jobs and raise net farm income.
United States · United States Congress · 14 September 1982
Amends the Federal criminal code to make it an affirmative defense to a Federal prosecution that at the time of the offense the defendant, as a result of mental disease or defect, lacked entirely the ability to understand the nature and the quality of his acts and to distinguish right from wrong. Places the burden of proving insanity on the defendant. Requires the court to hold a hearing to determine the present mental condition of the defendant. Directs the court to commit such person to the custody of the Attorney General upon a finding by a preponderance of the evidence that the person is presently suffering from a mental disease or defect, rendering him mentally incompetent. Directs the Attorney General to hospitalize such person in a suitable facility. Provides that when the defendant has recovered and is able to understand the nature and consequences of the proceedings against him, the court will order his release and set a date for trial. Authorizes a special verdict of "not guilty only by reason of insanity" for any criminal defendant who raises the issue of insanity by notice as provided by Rule 12 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. Provides for the hospitalization of persons found not guilty only by reason of insanity, convicted persons, imprisoned persons, and persons due for release who are found to suffer from mental disease or defect. Allows for discharge when such person is found to have recovered. Requires reimprisonment of any such person for whom a term of prison sentence has not yet expired.
United States · United States Congress · 12 August 1982
Shelterbelt Act - Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a special shelterbelt program (vegetative barrier). Authorizes the Secretary to enter into ten-year agreements with landowners and operators to create and maintain such shelterbelts. Sets forth program guidelines.
United States · United States Congress · 3 August 1982
Wilderness Protection Act of 1982 - Withdraws from disposition under all laws pertaining to oil, gas, oil shale, coal, phosphate, potassium, sulphur, gilsonite, and geothermal leasing: (1) wilderness areas; (2) lands recommended for wilderness designation, until Congress determines otherwise or until the lands concerned are recommended for other uses; (3) wilderness study areas, for the period of interim wilderness protection and management required by law; and (4) lands identified for further planning in Executive Communication 1504, 96th Congress, until one year after the final approval and implementation of an initial forest plan covering the further planning area. Exempts from the withdrawal pursuant to this Act: (1) national forest system land released to management for nonwilderness uses; (2) lands designated as congressional wilderness study areas in Colorado and New Mexico and certain lands within the River of No Return Wilderness in Idaho; (3) Bureau of Land Management wilderness study areas; and (4) lands in Alaska. Permits activities compatible with the preservation of the wilderness environment for the purpose of inventorying energy, mineral, and other resource values in areas withdrawn by this Act. Requires the Secretary of the Interior to augment recurring surveys of mineral values of wilderness areas and to acquire information on the areas withdrawn by this Act by conducting mineral inventories of such areas. Authorizes the President to recommend to Congress that minerals exploration, development, or extraction be permitted in specified areas withdrawn under this Act if: (1) there is an urgent national need for the mineral activity; and (2) the need outweighs the public values of the wilderness lands involved and the potential adverse environmental impacts likely to result. Makes such a recommendation effective only upon enactment of a joint resolution by Congress approving such recommendation. Authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to issue oil and gas leases for the subsurface of national forest or public land wilderness areas that are immediately adjacent to oil and gas producing fields or areas that are prospectively valuable. Prohibits surface occupancy under such leases and provides that such leases may be entered only by directional drilling from outside the wilderness or by other nonsurface disturbing methods.
United States · United States Congress · 28 July 1982
Major League Sports Community Protection Act of 1982 - Declares that it shall not be unlawful under any antitrust law for a professional sports league and its member clubs to enforce rules: (1) authorizing the league membership to decide that a member club shall not be relocated; or (2) providing for the division of league or member club revenues that promote comparable economic opportunities for member clubs. Prohibits any State or local government from imposing any limitation on the collective conduct of sports leagues or member teams authorized by this Act. Specifies the applicability of this Act to actions commenced under the antitrust laws before its enactment.
United States · United States Congress · 30 June 1982
Amends title XVI (Supplemental Security Income) of the Social Security Act to exclude from an individual's resources in determining SSI eligibility: (1) any burial plot or niche; and (2) any funds set aside for burial or cremation.
United States · United States Congress · 30 June 1982
Amends the Small Business Act to treat businesses owned by Indian tribes as socially and economically disadvantaged small businesses for purposes of the Small Business Administration's business development program.
United States · United States Congress · 24 June 1982
Authorizes the Secretary of State to request the assistance of State and local governments outside the District of Columbia in providing: (1) fixed guards at any consular premises or residences of consular officers within the jurisdiction of such governments; and (2) protective security details for such consular premises and officers. Permits the Secretary, in certain circumstances, to reimburse the govenrments for providing such services. Authorizes the Secretary to procure other security services if the State or local government cannot provide the requested assistance. Authorizes appropriations.
United States · United States Congress · 23 June 1982
Amends the Federal criminal code to make it a defense to a Federal prosecution that the defendant, as a result of mental disease or defect, lacked the state of mind required as an element of the offense charged. Authorizes a special verdict of "not guilty only by reason of insanity." Provides for mandatory confinement of a person found not guilty by reason of insanity for the crimes of murder and attempted murder. Requires the court to commit such person to the custody of the Attorney General upon a preponderance of the evidence that the person is presently suffering from a mental disease or defect and he should, in lieu of being sentenced to probation or imprisonment, be committed to a suitable facility for care and treatment. Requires the court to proceed to sentencing upon the certification by the director of the facility that such person has recovered.
United States · United States Congress · 17 June 1982
Expresses the sense of the Senate that the President should: (1) take immediate action to demonstrate that the United States is a reliable grain supplier; and (2) try to increase agricultural exports by negotiating a long-term grain agreement with the Soviet Union requiring the Soviet Union to buy a minimum amount of grain annually.
United States · United States Congress · 16 June 1982
Product Liability Act - Preempts State product liability laws. States that this Act governs any civil action for harm caused by a product which would have been based on: (1) strict or absolute liability in tort; (2) negligence or gross negligence; (3) breach of express or implied warranty and; (4) failure to discharge a duty to warn or instruct. Makes a manufacturer liable if the claimant establishes by a preponderance of the evidence that a product was unreasonably dangerous: (1) in construction or design; (2) because the manufacturer failed to provide adequate warnings of danger; or (3) because the product did not conform to an express warranty. Specifies the requisite findings which must be made for such proof of unreasonable danger to be determined. Subjects a product seller to liability if the claimant proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the claimant's harm was proximately caused by such seller's failure to use reasonable care with respect to the product. Enumerates circumstances under which such a seller is also subject to the liability of a manufacturer. Provides that all claims, under this Act shall be governed by the principles of comparative responsibility. Sets forth rules with respect to conduct affecting comparative responsibility, including misuse, alteration or modification of a product. Specifies the manner in which damages are to be apportioned. Requires that damages in any product liability claim be reduced by an amount paid as workers' compensation benefits. Prescribes statutes of limitation for recovery. Allows punitive damages to be awarded if the claimant proves by clear and convincing evidence that the harm suffered was the result of the product manufacturer's or sellers's reckless disregard for the safety of product users, consumers, or others who might be harmed by the product. Provides that evidence of corrective measures taken by a product seller after a harm has occurred would not be admissible in court to prove liability.
United States · United States Congress · 10 June 1982
Prohibition of Mandatory Retirement and Employment Rights Act of 1982 - Amends the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to eliminate the upper age limitation of the class of persons to whom such Act applies.
United States · United States Congress · 10 June 1982
Amends the Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance Act of 1978 ("the Act") to revise definitions and purposes under the Act. Directs the Secretary of the Interior, subject to appropriations, to make grants under the Act. Requires that such grants defray, at the determination of the tribally controlled community college, expenditures for the operation and maintenance of the college (including administrative, academic, community, and student service programs, and technical assistance). Requires that grant applications include a description of recordkeeping procedures for expenditure funds received under the Act. Directs the Secretary to establish a program of grants to tribes and tribal entities for planning and development of proposals for the establishment of tribally controlled community colleges, or to determine the need and potential for such colleges. Directs the Secretary to reserve and expend a specified amount from appropriations for title I of the Act to make such planning grants available to as many as five approved applicants. Revises provisions relating to technical assistance contracts. Replaces requirements for "feasibility studies" with requirements for "eligibility studies". Reduces the percentage of title I funds which may be used to carry out such studies. Revises formulas for determining the amount of each grant to a tribally controlled community college on the basis of the "Indian student count" at such colleges. Prohibits the Secretary from altering the priorities or budget allocations made by an Indian tribe which operates a tribally controlled community college if such tribe identifies an allocation for that college from appropriations authorized under the Snyder Act or in accordance with the Secretary's annual budget exercise. Provides that any Indian student who receives a student assistance grant from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) for postsecondary education that be deemed to have received such assistance under the Pell Grants program of the Higher Education Act of 1965, for purposes of such Act. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1985 through FY 1987 to carry out provisions for: (1) technical assistance contracts; (2) grants to tribally controlled colleges; and (3) construction of new facilities. Provides for a transition to the advance funding method of timing appropriation action. Revises provisions for grant adjustment. Directs the Administrator of General Services to: (1) study facilities available for use by tribally controlled community colleges; (2) report study results to the Congress by September 30, 1984; and (3) in consultation with the BIA, conduct a program of renovation, alteration, repair, and reconstruction of BIA facilities. Directs the Secretary to provide grants for construction of new facilities for any tribally controlled community college for which the report of the Administrator of General Services identifies a need for new construction. Sets forth requirements for eligibility and for the college's share of such construction costs. Authorizes the Secretary to waive such requirements. Directs the Secretary to establish a program of making endowment grants to tribally controlled community colleges which are current recipients of specified assistance under the Act or under the Navajo Community College Act. Sets forth agreement requirements for receipt of such endowment grants. Sets forth provisions for the use and allocation of such endowment grant funds and for compliance with a matching funds requirement. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1985 through 1987 to carry out such endowment grant program.
United States · United States Congress · 27 May 1982
Dairy Stabilization Act of 1982 - Amends the Agriculture Act of 1949 to revise the method of determining milk price support levels for FY 1983 through 1985. Sets the price of milk for domestic needs: (1) at $13.10 per hundred weight for FY 1983; and (2) at the percentage of parity for FY 1984 and 1985 which $13.10 represented as of October 1, 1982. Declares that price support for milk shall be provided through the purchase of milk and milk products by the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) under borrowing authority approved by Congress and repayments from the National Dairy Board established by this Act. Authorizes the Board to make payments to milk marketers whose levels of marketing have been reduced from the levels of the prior fiscal year. Sets forth the method of determining such payments. Authorizes the CCC to increase its milk purchases in the event of an increase in dairy product imports. Establishes a National Dairy Board to: (1) determine the relative proportions of milk to which the price support levels will apply and the producer responsibility for dairy product purchases; (2) establish a uniform rate by which the price paid farmers for milk in excess of domestic commercial market needs shall be reduced to achieve the price support provided by this Act and announce such rate before October 1 of each year; (3) dispose of dairy products acquired by the CCC through authorized price support operations; and (4) remit proceeds from price support operations to the CCC. Authorizes the Board to develop innovative programs for the disposition of dairy products and to make recommendations to the Secretary of Agriculture regarding details of the operation of the price support program. Sets forth methods of deriving funding for producer responsibility of program operations. Sets forth the duties of the Secretary under the price support program with respect to relations with the Board and responsibility for collection and payment of the funds under such program. Sets forth civil penalties for violations of this Act and vests jurisdiction for enforcement with the U.S. district courts. Authorizes the Secretary to make investigations for the administration of this Act and to invoke the aid of any U.S. court to enforce subpenas. Deems all operations conducted under this Act as a program or operation of the Department of Agriculture.
United States · United States Congress · 27 May 1982
Export-Import Bank Restructuring Act of 1982 - Amends the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 to provide that the terms of the directors of the Bank will be four-years, except that two of the directors will be appointed initially for two years and then for four-years. (Current law provides that the directors serve at the pleasure of the President.) Excludes from the Federal budget the receipts and disbursements of the Bank in the discharge of its functions (other than salaries and expenses). Exempts such receipts and disbursements from the limitations on the Federal budget. Directs the President to report to Congress annually on the Bank's budget for program activities and administrative expenses and on the Bank's net lending. Establishes the Competitive Agricultural Commodity and Manufactured Product Export Subsidy Fund. Requires amounts appropriated to the Fund to be used to make interest subsidy payments to private lenders and to enter into arrangements with the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) to enable private lenders or the CCC to reduce the interest rates on loans for financing U.S. exports. Requires the Board of Directors of the Fund to report to Congress on agreements to make interest subsidy payments. Authorizes appropriations for the Fund. Extends the authorization for the Bank until September 30, 1988.
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