Question 1024 — housing

Summary

Mr. Pacôme Rupin questions Mr. Secretary of State, to the Minister of Territorial Cohesion, while his ministry has just launched a 2017 call for projects in order to create very social rental housing "adapted PLAI" intended for households with financial and social difficulties, whose situation requires the offer of housing with controlled rent and charges. He is confronted in his capacity as a parliamentarian, in his constituency, as well as her fellow LREM deputies from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd arrondissements of Paris, Ms. Élise Fajgeles and Mr. Sylvain Maillard, to the problems of tourist rentals threatening to destroy the so-called “classic” housing market. Also, he would like to draw his attention to the APUR report concerning the first four arrondissements of central Paris published last week, decrying as a danger the reduction in the number of the administered. Indeed, we learn in the said report that 26% of vacant housing, most of which is rented for short tourist periods, via digital platforms such as Airbnb, deprives the rental market of a significant number of housing for fellow citizens wishing to find “sustainable” accommodation in these districts. The collateral damage is numerous: lack of customers and users, local shops and schools disappear, buildings look more like hotels than neighborhood life, the entire neighborhood life is thus disrupted. He and his colleagues are aware of the economic issues: Airbnb, a major player in the sector, achieves a turnover of 130 million euros in France, mainly thanks to its activity in the capital, and yet only pays 92,944 euros taxes in 2016. Hoteliers suffer from this competition and find it difficult to offer attractive prices given their expenses and the safety and accessibility standards to which they must comply. Also, the legislation is not efficient enough and may even seem unfair to regulate the rental of tourist properties. They wish to propose a precise evaluation of the existing law on this subject, as well as a consultation of the various stakeholders in order to regulate the tourist rental market as many cities have managed to do, such as Brussels and Berlin. They are in favor of promoting technological innovations and services enabling the advent of digital platforms as long as they respect social and tax law. Also, it is their mission as parliamentarians to protect the general interest, particularly housing. Their role as legislators is to find a balance between economic freedom and the protection of social and fundamental human balances. This tourist rental market today represents a challenge for the citizens of these districts for which they have just been elected. They wish to find a situation of balance in order to achieve a better match between supply and demand on the housing market and thus avoid any deviation for their fellow citizens. He asks him his position on this question and thanks him in advance for the attention he will give to his request.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

Timeline

1. 8 December 2017

   Question

   Source: DateQuestion

2. 31 August 2018

   Réponse

   La location de meublés de tourisme est libre dans la très grande majorité des communes. La réglementation n'impose des restrictions qu'à Paris et dans les communes des départements de la petite couronne, mais aussi dans les 10 communes françaises de plus de 200 000 habitants (dont Strasbourg, Toulouse, Marseille…). Dans ces communes, les logements loués à des fins touristiques doivent respecter la procédure de changement d'usage et la procédure d'enregistrement mises en place. Depuis la loi no 2014-366 du 24 mars 2014 pour l'accès au housing et un urbanisme rénové (Alur), les particuliers peuvent librement louer leur résidence principale dans la limite de 120 jours, au-delà de ce seuil, le local loué perd la qualification de housing et doit être soumis à la procédure de changement d'usage ainsi qu'à une éventuelle compensation. La loi no 2016-1321 du 7 octobre 2016 pour une république numérique est venue compléter ce dispositif en modifiant article L. 324-2-1 du code du tourisme et en prévoyant que toute personne qui se livre ou prête son concours contre rémunération, y compris par la mise à disposition d'une plateforme numérique, à la mise en location d'un local meublé soumis au II de article L. 324-1-1 et aux articles L. 631-7 et suivants du code de la construction et de l'habitation doit veiller à ce que le housing proposé à la location ne soit pas loué plus de 120 jours par an par son intermédiaire. Pour cela, l'intermédiaire doit établir le décompte du nombre de nuits louées et doit supprimer toute offre de location au-delà des 120 jours. Les lois successives sur ce sujet des locations touristiques ont permis d'améliorer les possibilités de contrôle et de régulation de ce secteur. Néanmoins, conscient que les moyens de contrôle sont encore insuffisants, le Gouvernement poursuit sa réflexion notamment dans le cadre des travaux du futur government bill housing et sera amené à proposer des améliorations du dispositif.

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• Pacôme Rupin · auteur

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