Question 10945 — housing

Summary

Mr. Yoann Gillet alerts the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty to the housing and construction crisis in France. For many French people, access to property is synonymous with independence, because property constitutes a profitable investment ensuring material security in preparation for retirement and can also be bequeathed to one's children. According to a survey by the French Federation of builders of individual houses, 80% of French people want to become owners of their home. However, if home ownership represents a marker of social advancement in France, it is clear that the French are finding it increasingly difficult to acquire real estate. For example, the borrowing capacity of households is in free fall: - 46,000 euros on an investment of 300,000 euros. This pushes the French to turn to lower quality goods and in particular thermal strainers. According to the French Building Federation (FFB), the year 2022 constitutes a historic year in terms of the collapse in the fall in sales of new homes: - 31.3%, a historic drop. The inability of French households to acquire housing can be explained by two main factors. The rise in the cost of land and the rise in rates Interest rates on loans penalize low-income French people and the middle classes, who find themselves unable to borrow. With the continued rise in rates (which are currently around 4%), the borrowing capacity of buyers is decreasing. As a local elected official and MP for Gard, Mr. MP had the opportunity to speak with construction industry players, in particular the Gard Building Federation. The latter are legitimately concerned about the situation, which could lead to disastrous economic consequences. The impact of the housing crisis on construction activity in Occitanie is significant. The French building federation of Gard notes, at the regional level, a collapse in construction authorizations in individual housing (- 34%) and in all housing (- 19.4%), while construction starts fell by 10.4% over one year. Between the first quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023, the number of construction company failures increased by 45%. According to forecasts established by the FFB du Gard, this “building inertia” could lead to more shutdowns of construction sites and failures of construction companies. By 2024-2025, if nothing is done, the housing crisis risks leading to the disappearance of 200,000 jobs in the region French. Faced with the seriousness of the situation, the MP is dismayed by the Government's inaction and its desire to make savings on existing measures to promote the construction sector and the accession of French people to property. The MP protests against the Minister's remarks regarding assistance measures for access to property and housing as "costly" and "ineffective" and calls on the Government to reconsider its position on the “Pinel” system and the zero-rate loan (PTZ). He denounces the fact that the Government wants to make savings (of the order of 2.3 billion euros) on the backs of the most modest French people, beneficiaries of these measures. It calls on the Government to relax the objective of zero net artificialization (ZAN) and to achieve a regulatory break in this area, in order to promote construction of new housing for compatriots and revitalize the construction sector. The MP also urges the Government to simplify the administrative procedures necessary to benefit from the MaPrimeRénov' system (and by increasing the amount, to encourage the renovation of buildings), while perpetuating the tax credit for the renovation of premises of VSEs and SMEs. The MP also asks the Minister to detail all the government measures taken to remedy the housing and building crises. Also, if the Minister really wants to save money, the MP would be delighted to explain to him the plan to combat fraud, developed by the National Rally. It would indeed be more judicious to fight fraudsters, rather than picking the pockets of the French, who are already struggling to feed and house themselves. He wants to know his position on the subject.

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