Question 10946 — housing

Summary

Mr. Yoann Gillet alerts the Minister Delegate to the Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion, responsible for housing, about the housing and construction crises in France. For many French people, access to property is synonymous with independence, because property constitutes a profitable investment ensuring material security in preparation for retirement and can also be passed on to one's children. According to a survey of the French Federation of *builders of individual houses, 80% of French people want to become owners of their home. However, if home ownership represents a marker of social advancement in France, it is clear that the French are finding it increasingly difficult to acquire real estate. For example, the borrowing capacity of households is in free fall: - 46,000 euros on an investment of 300,000 euros. This pushes the French to turn to lower quality goods, particularly thermal colanders. For the French Building Federation (FFB), the year 2022 constitutes a historic year in terms of the collapse in the fall in sales of new homes: - 31.3%, a historic drop. The inability of French households to acquire housing can be explained by two main factors. The increase in the cost of land and the rise in interest rates on loans penalize low-income French people and the middle classes, who find themselves unable to borrow. With the continued rise in rates (which are currently around 4%), the borrowing capacity of buyers is decreasing. As a local elected official and MP for Gard, Mr. MP had the opportunity to speak with construction industry players, in particular the Gard Building Federation. These latter are legitimately worried about the situation, which could lead to disastrous economic consequences. The impact of the housing crisis on construction activity in Occitanie is significant. The French building federation of Gard notes, at the regional level, a collapse in construction authorizations in individual housing (-34%) and in all housing (-19.4%), while construction starts have fallen by 10.4% over one year. Between the first quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023, the number of construction company failures increased by 45%. According to forecasts established by the FFB du Gard, this “building inertia” could lead to more shutdowns of construction sites and failures of construction companies. By 2024-2025, if nothing is done, the housing crisis risks leading to the disappearance of 200,000 jobs on French territory. No housing minister worth his salt can be complacent about the current housing crisis. Faced with the seriousness of the situation, the MP is dismayed by the Government's inaction and the glaring lack of ambition displayed by the various people who have succeeded one another at the Ministry of Housing. The MP wishes to recall that the causes of the housing and building crises are first and foremost above all political. He calls on the Government to relax the objective of zero net artificialization (ZAN) and to achieve a regulatory break in this area, in order to encourage the construction of new housing for compatriots and revitalize the construction sector. The MP also urges the Government to simplify the administrative procedures necessary to benefit from the MaPrimeRénov' system (and by increasing its amount, to encourage the renovation of buildings), while perpetuating the tax credit for the renovation of premises of VSEs and SMEs. The MP also requests communication of all government initiatives relating to housing policy. He recalls that France cannot allow the right to property (enshrined in Article 17 of the DDHC) to become a luxury reserved for a small minority of privileged people. He wishes know its position on these subjects.

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