Question 3092 — overseas

Summary

Mrs. Josette Manin draws the attention of the Minister of Solidarity and Health to the fact that the French population will number 70 million inhabitants by 2050. With 9.3 million more people than in 2005, approximately 30% of the population will be aged 60 or over. As she understood, the aging process and its acceleration constitute real demographic, political, health and socio-economic for the years to come. The overseas territories will not be spared and are already among the oldest regions in France. The cause is a migratory deficit among young people due to the pursuit of their studies, departures to mainland France to look for work, the significant decline in populations of childbearing age, a birth rate falling in relation to the mortality rate or even aging. unequal in different parts of the territories. For example, in Martinique, 145,400 people will be aged 60 and over in 2030 compared to 92,180 in 2014, or 24.2% of the population. A little further north, Guadeloupe - whose population will stagnate at 404,000 inhabitants - will experience an acceleration in the aging of its population with seniors who will represent 40% of the inhabitants. In the Indian Ocean in Reunion, it is 26,700 inhabitants, or twice as many dependent people, who should be counted in 2030. The phenomenon of aging of the population can be an opportunity because we will keep the elderly closer to us and for longer. Beyond the sentimental question, it is also a challenge for the future with the “silver economy”: an opportunity, a source of innovation and a promise of growth and jobs due to the fact that consumption of 60-74 year olds could represent a third of total household consumption by 2030. However, whatever the promises offered, the question of the ability of families to support or welcome their loved ones following a loss of autonomy - whether due to age, illness or disability - must be asked. France currently has 7,394 accommodation establishments for the elderly. dependent (EPHAD) or 593,005 places. Overseas, Martinique and Réunion have respectively 1,500 places and 1,350 places. In Guadeloupe, barely 1% of elderly people are cared for by a specialized structure. One of the major concerns is that of a lack of equipment to properly accommodate people losing their autonomy. Also, many actors must be involved: public and private, local and national, associative and institutional, but more than ever the entourage of elderly people. Relatives are the first to be affected because many elderly people cannot easily – for financial or comfort reasons – access the establishments provided for this purpose. France has nearly 8.3 million family caregivers. Their act of self-sacrifice can be one of the solutions to compensate for the deficiencies future regarding the care of the elderly. However, reconciling work and family care can become a real obstacle course for these family caregivers. The tasks carried out by caregivers for a loved one are very varied and sometimes very heavy: whether it involves providing care, washing, shopping, cleaning, making medical appointments or carrying out administrative procedures or manage the placement of the loved one in a care center or retirement home. The resulting upheavals have consequences on the living and working conditions of caregivers. For 33%, the caregiver situation has a negative impact on professional life and 58% say they have difficulty reconciling professional life and family obligations. Beyond Law No. 2015-1776 of December 28, 2015 relating to the adaptation of society to aging and other legal provisions, the objective over time would be to experiment with solutions to satisfy the caregiver and help them with a “real” status for family caregivers and the creation of a right to allowance for those who live in territories affected by aging. These measures would make it possible to support caregivers in their daily lives, to make the difficulties inflicted by their family situation and to encourage young people to return to the territory to support their loved ones, thus putting forward a solidarity and family policy towards people losing their autonomy. She asks him if his administration would be ready to set up such an experiment in the territories.

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