Question 42289 — sea and coastline

Summary

Ms. Huguette Tiegna questions the Minister of Ecological Transition about the negative externalities of over-exploration of the seabed. Announced on October 12, 2021 by the President of the Republic Emmanuel Macron, the France 2030 plan aims to develop industrial competitiveness and future technologies. Thus, there are two billion euros for space and the seabed. France has the second largest maritime domain in the world, after the United States of America, an area of ​​more than 10.2 million km². In his speech, the President indicated that the exploration of the seabed could be “an extraordinary lever for understanding living things” and which would “perhaps provide access to certain rare metals”. Indeed, numerous mineral resources are present there and could reduce French dependence on the importation of rare metals. But the issues environmental problems are undeniable, scientists agree on the negative externalities against living organisms. According to a 2014 report from the Ifremer-CNRS collective scientific expertise on “The environmental impacts of the exploitation of deep maritime resources”: “Scientific knowledge still remains partial in the field of geological, hydrothermal and metallogenic processes: science is not still in a position to respond to the vulnerability of these systems or their capacity for resilience and thus to contribute effectively to their preservation.” So certainly, Law No. 2021-1104 of August 22, 2021 on the fight against climate change and strengthening resilience to its effects has enabled a reform of the mining code to take into account environmental criteria upon submission of an exploration title application. or exploitation. Because, undeniably, all mining processes have impacts on the environment. This is why she asks whether an adaptation of the mining code to the specific situation of the extended continental shelf within maritime areas is being considered, in order to have sustainable mining.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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