Question 7246 — biodiversity

Summary

Reducing the use of plant protection products is one of the Government's objectives. It was translated into successive Ecophytos plans. France supported target 7 of the global framework for biodiversity adopted at the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal last December. This target provides for “reducing the risks of pollution and the negative impact of pollution from all sources, by 2030, at levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, taking into account cumulative effects, in particular by reducing by at least half the excess nutrients lost to the environment, including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use; reducing by at least half the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals, including through integrated pest control, based on scientific data, taking into account food security and means of subsistence." The future National Biodiversity Strategy will implement at the national level this commitment made by France at the international level. This objective is only achievable in the presence of effective alternative solutions. Natural control through pest predation is a solution to limit the risks weighing on agricultural crops. However, some of these natural predators can also be a source of nuisance. By classification in the category "species likely to cause damage" known as ESOD, these species may, if they harm the interests listed in Article R. 427-6-II of the Environmental Code, be subject to regulation complementary to that of hunting. These interests relate in particular to public health and safety, the protection of flora and fauna, and the prevention of significant damage to agricultural, forestry and aquaculture activities. Only huntable species can be classified as ESOD. The ESOD classification is not intended to eradicate the species concerned, but rather to regulate them in order to limit the disturbances and damage they can cause. As such, the classification is differentiated by department or even by municipality. ESODs can also play a positive ecological role, even in the prevention of certain zoonoses. To establish the next three-year classification order for Group 2 ESODs, the services of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion have analyzed the departmental classification proposals, informed by the decisions available case law. This work leading to the classification or not of an ESOD takes into account the geographical, economic and social characteristics specific to each department. Thus, particular vigilance will be taken regarding the achievement of the criteria leading to the classification or not of one of the ten species concerned in a territory, once this classification is requested. This decree will come into force in July next.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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