Question 7790 — diseases

Summary

The national public health agency - public health France (ANSP-SpF) published in April 2018 a weekly epidemiological bulletin dedicated to Parkinson's disease. This data shows a predicted doubling of the number of people with the disease between 2005 and 2030 due to the aging of the population. The etiology of this disease is multifactorial. However, these latest published data show a greater incidence high in cantons where viticulture is important and in the non-agricultural local population. One explanation could be the significant use of pesticides in these cantons, resulting in exposure of local residents. These data require additional work, particularly on understanding the exposure of farmers and local residents in agricultural areas. A multi-site study will be carried out in 2019 by the ANSP-SpF and the national agency for food, environmental and occupational health safety (ANSES), in order to characterize the impregnation of residents of agricultural areas by pesticides (measures planned in blood, hair, urine) and environmental exposure (measurements planned in indoor air, outdoor air, dust, etc.), particularly in wine-growing areas, to identify possible overexposure and to define the determinants of these exposures. Furthermore, the collective expertise of the National Institute of Health and Medical Research from 2013 on the effects of pesticides on health will be updated in order to take into account new scientific data, targeting in particular vulnerable populations including children and pregnant women as well as residents of agricultural areas. Finally, a campaign exploratory research to monitor pesticides in ambient air is underway in different regions. Its protocol was developed by the central air quality monitoring laboratory (LCSQA), in conjunction with several approved air quality monitoring associations (AASQA) based on the recommendations issued by ANSES in October 2017. The objective of this campaign is to validate the methodology proposed by ANSES, with the ultimate objective of establishing national monitoring of pesticides in the air. In terms of monitoring the effects of plant protection products on human health, we must also recall the role of ANSES responsible for phytopharmacovigilance, whose objective is to detect as early as possible the signals which may lead to taking measures to prevent or limit the risks linked to plant protection products, by link with the networks for vigilance and monitoring of effects on human health, in particular the poison control and toxicovigilance centers, the national network for vigilance and prevention of occupational pathologies and the Phyt'attitude system of the agricultural social mutuality. Parkinson's disease, which is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, is the subject of measures under the plan neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in terms of research.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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