United States · Law · HR
H.R. 3570 (99th)
Judicial Improvements Act of 1985
Introduced
16 October 1985
Last action
19 June 1986 · President
Status
Became Public Law No: 99-336.
Sponsors
Rep. Kastenmeier, Robert W. [D-WI-2], Rep. Moorhead, Carlos J. [R-CA-22], Rep. Mazzoli, Romano L. [D-KY-3], Rep. Synar, Mike [D-OK-2], Rep. Schroeder, Patricia [D-CO-1], Rep. Frank, Barney [D-MA-4], Rep. Morrison, Bruce A. [D-CT-3], Rep. Berman, Howard L. [D-CA-28], Rep. Boucher, Rick [D-VA-9], Rep. Hyde, Henry J. [R-IL-6], Rep. Kindness, Thomas N. [R-OH-8], Sen. DeWine, Mike [R-OH], Rep. Swindall, Patrick L. [R-GA-4], Rep. Shaw, E. Clay, Jr. [R-FL-22], Rep. Green, S. William [R-NY-15], Rep. Sundquist, Don [R-TN-7], Rep. Quillen, James H. (Jimmy) [R-TN-1], Rep. Brooks, Jack B. [D-TX-9], Rep. Lloyd, Marilyn [D-TN-3], Rep. Barnard, Doug, Jr. [D-GA-10], Rep. Perkins, Carl C. [D-KY-7], Rep. Ray, Richard B. [D-GA-3], Rep. Andrews, Michael [D-TX-25], Rep. Gordon, Bart [D-TN-6], Rep. Latta, Delbert L. [R-OH-5], Rep. Hutto, Earl [D-FL-1], Rep. Kaptur, Marcy [D-OH-9], Rep. Kildee, Dale E. [D-MI-5]
Subjects
Discovery layer
Source updated
10 August 2026
Summary
Judicial Improvements Act of 1985 - Amends the judicial code to increase the amount that a judicial official has withheld from his or her salary for purposes of the Judicial Survivors' Annuities Fund. Requires funding for the fund in amounts necessary to reduce to zero the unfunded liability of such fund. Increases the amount of the annuity received by a surviving widow or widower with children. Increases the amount of the annuity received by the surviving children of a judicial official leaving no widow or widower. Revises the formula used to determine the amount of the annuity given a widow or widower of a judicial official. Makes survivors of the Deputy Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts eligible for annuities under such Act. Makes the benefits conferred by this Act available to any eligible individual. Permits a judicial officer who has participated in the present annuity program to withdraw, in writing, according to specified procedures. Allows such officer, if eligible, to subsequently join the judicial survivors' annuities program created by this Act. Allows a Federal district court to hear and determine cases removed from State courts even where the State court lacked original jurisdiction. Requires the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to pay all actual travel expenses for justices and judges. Requires that filing and miscellaneous fees for the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia be collected in the same manner as other fees are collected for the other U.S. district courts. Grants the United States Courts of Appeals jurisdiction to review all rules, regulations or final orders of the Secretary of Transportation with regard to any act or transaction lawful under the Shipping Act, 1916 or any rule, regulation, or final order of the Federal Maritime Commission issued pursuant to: (1) the Shipping Act, 1916; (2) the Merchant Marine Act, 1920; (3) the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933; (4) the Shipping Act of 1984; and (5) the Act of November 6, 1966.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
16 October 1985
Committee
For Previous Action See H.R.1472.
Source: Committee
16 October 1985
Introduced
Referred to House Committee on The Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
16 October 1985
Introduced
Introduced in House
Source: IntroReferral
16 October 1985
Introduced
Introduced in House
Source: IntroReferral
19 November 1985
Reported
Ordered to be Reported (Amended).
Source: Committee
19 November 1985
Committee
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.
Source: Committee
6 December 1985
Introduced
Referred to House Committee on Appropriations Sequentially, for a Period not to Exceed Fifteen Legislative Days.
Source: IntroReferral
6 December 1985
Reported
Reported to House (Amended) by House Committee on The Judiciary. Report No: 99-423 (Part I).
Source: Committee
6 December 1985
Reported
Reported to House (Amended) by House Committee on The Judiciary. Report No: 99-423 (Part I).
Source: Committee
16 December 1985
Introduced
Received in the Senate and read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
16 December 1985
Passed
Passed House (Amended) by Voice Vote.
Source: Floor
16 December 1985
Passed
Passed/agreed to in House: Passed House (Amended) by Voice Vote.
Source: Floor
16 December 1985
Floor
Called up by House Under Suspension of Rules.
Source: Floor
20 December 1985
Referred
Referred to Subcommittee on Courts.
Source: Committee
19 February 1986
Committee
Subcommittee on Courts. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 99-594.
Source: Committee
4 March 1986
Committee
Subcommittee on Courts. Approved for full committee consideration with amendments favorably.
Source: Committee
20 March 1986
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with amendments favorably.
Source: Committee
21 March 1986
Calendars
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 572.
Source: Calendars
21 March 1986
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Thurmond with amendments. Without written report.
Source: Committee
21 March 1986
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Thurmond with amendments. Without written report.
Source: Committee
11 April 1986
Floor
Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent.
Source: Floor
11 April 1986
Passed
Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with amendments by Voice Vote.
Source: Floor
22 May 1986
Passed
House Agreed to Senate Amendments by Unanimous Consent.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
22 May 1986
Passed
Resolving differences -- House actions: House Agreed to Senate Amendments by Unanimous Consent.
Source: NotUsed
10 June 1986
Floor
Measure Signed in Senate.
Source: Floor
11 June 1986
Floor
Presented to President.
Source: Floor
11 June 1986
President
Presented to President.
Source: President
19 June 1986
Became law
Became Public Law No: 99-336.
Source: President
19 June 1986
Became law
Signed by President.
Source: BecameLaw
19 June 1986
President
Signed by President.
Source: President
Votes
No vote records are attached yet.
Versions
No version snapshots stored. Document URLs remain at the source.
Documents
6 official files
Public Law (PDF)
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Leesvertaling
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Public Law (PDF)
Public Law · EN · 20 June 1986
Passed Senate amended
summary · EN · 11 April 1986
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Reported to Senate with amendment(s)
summary · EN · 21 March 1986
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Passed House amended
summary · EN · 16 December 1985
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Reported to House amended, Part I
summary · EN · 6 December 1985
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Introduced in House
summary · EN · 16 October 1985
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Sponsors
- Rep. Kastenmeier, Robert W. [D-WI-2] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Moorhead, Carlos J. [R-CA-22] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Mazzoli, Romano L. [D-KY-3] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Synar, Mike [D-OK-2] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Schroeder, Patricia [D-CO-1] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Frank, Barney [D-MA-4] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Morrison, Bruce A. [D-CT-3] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Berman, Howard L. [D-CA-28] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Boucher, Rick [D-VA-9] · D · Sponsor
- Rep. Hyde, Henry J. [R-IL-6] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Kindness, Thomas N. [R-OH-8] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. DeWine, Mike [R-OH] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Swindall, Patrick L. [R-GA-4] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Shaw, E. Clay, Jr. [R-FL-22] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Green, S. William [R-NY-15] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Sundquist, Don [R-TN-7] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Quillen, James H. (Jimmy) [R-TN-1] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Brooks, Jack B. [D-TX-9] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Lloyd, Marilyn [D-TN-3] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Barnard, Doug, Jr. [D-GA-10] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Perkins, Carl C. [D-KY-7] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Ray, Richard B. [D-GA-3] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Andrews, Michael [D-TX-25] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Gordon, Bart [D-TN-6] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Latta, Delbert L. [R-OH-5] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Hutto, Earl [D-FL-1] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Kaptur, Marcy [D-OH-9] · D · Cosponsor
- Rep. Kildee, Dale E. [D-MI-5] · D · Cosponsor
- · ssju00 · Standing
- · hsap00 · Standing
- · hsju00 · Standing
Related records
- related to → A bill to amend section 376 of title 28, United States Code, to provide that certain judicial annuities for surviving spouses shall not terminate by reason of remarriage of an annuitant after age sixty.
- related to → Removal Jurisdiction Act of 1985
- related to → A bill to amend section 456 of title 28, United States Code, to allow actual travel expenses of justices and judges.
- related to → A bill to provide that filing and miscellaneous fees for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia shall be collected in the same manner as such fees are collected for the other district courts in the United States.
- related to → A bill to amend title 28, United States Code, to provide for judicial review of certain orders of the Federal Maritime Commission and the Maritime Administration in the United States Courts of Appeals.
- related to → Judicial Survivors' Annuities Amendments Act
- related to ← Judicial Survivors' Annuities Reform Act of 1985
- amends ← Of a technical and clarifying nature.
- amends ← To provide full insurance coverage for retired Federal judges.
Related across the Repo ecosystem
Direct relationships are identifier-backed. Topic context means shared TopicMembership — not a citation and not causation.
Direct relationships
- Legal framework · Judicial Improvements Act of 1985 · H.R. 3570 (99th) · US
- Identifier matchPROJECTS_FROM
Same us record 99-hr-3570 projected from PoliticalRepo US row.
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/99th-congress/house-bill/3570
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/99/hr/3570
- us · 99-hr-3570 · source updated 10 August 2026