Question 11055 — foreign policy

Summary

Mrs Ersilia Soudais draws the attention of the Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs to the serious humanitarian situation in Sudan and in particular following the massacres in El Fasher. Since April 2023, Sudan has been ravaged by a civil war between the army of General Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan and the “Rapid Support Forces” (FSR) led by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemetti. The clash between these two forces, which had previously led to 2021 to a coup d'état against the civilian Government resulting from the Sudanese revolution of 2018-2019, has to date caused the deaths of more than 150,000 people. Last week, a new level was reached. After a siege of more than a year, the RSF stormed the town of El Fasher. They are carrying out ethnic cleansing there. Local journalists even speak of genocide. The RSF unleashed themselves on the civilian population, committing mass crimes often filmed: torture, rape, executions of civilians. Several hundred people were massacred in a week (including at least 400 in a hospital according to the Sudanese Doctors Association). These crimes continue decades of mass crimes in Darfur, Kordofan and South Sudan. According to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, 7.5 million people have been internally displaced and 4 Millions fled to neighboring countries. 26.4 million people are food insecure. Despite the UN embargo on individuals and non-governmental entities, which has been in force in Darfur since 2005 (UN Security Council resolution 1556) and the EU embargo on all weapons destined for Sudan since 2014 (Council decision 2014/450/CFSP), the armed forces present manage to divert these embargoes thanks to the support of neighboring or allied countries. We can note, for example, the major arms aid provided by the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which continuously delivers weapons and medical equipment to the RSF. Worse, European military equipment sold to the UAE (700 million euros of military equipment ordered from France in 2024) was identified among those used by the FSR. Indeed, in November 2024, Amnesty International has identified French equipment on Emirati light armored vehicles supplied to the RSF. British, Canadian and Bulgarian equipment has also been identified by various media (The Guardian, France 24) among the ranks of the FSR. However, the EU states are required to enforce the embargo that they themselves decreed on Sudan, as well as that of the UN; this desire is for the moment completely absent. She therefore asks him what he intends to put in place to finally achieve an immediate ceasefire in Sudan, as well as what he plans in terms of sanctions against actors (companies or countries) who allow the sale or transit of French weapons within embargoed countries.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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