Question 15213 — energy and fuels

Summary

Ms. Agnès Firmin Le Bodo draws the attention of the Minister of State, Minister for Ecological and Inclusive Transition, to the place of marine renewable energies in the Multi-Annual Energy Program (PPE). The recently presented PPE sets a course for the development dynamics of the French energy and industrial sectors for the next ten years, or even beyond. Several measures have been unveiled to comply with objectives of the Paris agreement. Among them, those concerning renewable marine energies were eagerly awaited, both by citizens attentive to the ecological transition and by professionals in the sector. However, the latter have since expressed their concerns and their questions. The objectives announced on November 27, 2018 boil down to a volume of capacity installed in installed offshore wind power of around 5 GW, very much in below expected figures and for floating offshore wind, limited calls, both in terms of volume (projects of 250 MW maximum) and timetable (first calls for tenders for 2020). Apart from the delay in the necessary energy and ecological transition and the too lukewarm signal sent which will not be without consequences on potential jobs, these objectives do not make it possible to consolidate public and private investments. already carried out which exceed, for MRE, 1.3 billion euros since 2007 (Source: Sea Energy Observatory). It is extremely unfortunate and above all contradictory that jobs attached to this sector in France (for the development of current projects and research) are attached to an activity concerning projects outside France. Thus, in a recent column, young EMR professionals cite the Chantiers de l'Atlantique who announced "that they had connected via their electrical substations manufactured in Saint Nazaire, more than one GW of projects on European... non-French coasts". France, a major maritime power, in search of a sustainable energy transition, cannot be satisfied with a minimum vision of the potential represented by MRE, especially as the costs of offshore wind power are falling drastically and has continued for several years. Furthermore, French geography allows us to be very optimistic about the exploitation of currents from tides or rivers. Furthermore, the industrial equipment already built or to come has built capacity which can be developed for future projects and would create jobs. These sectors have reached a maturity that must be supported, in the ecological interest of France, even if external markets will also be great opportunities to conquer. Specialists estimate that two calls for tender per year would be necessary to ensure competitiveness in the sector, with a volume of 10 GW for the period 2019-2028 for installed wind power and a target of 3 GW for 2030 for floating wind power (at the same time Germany has recently increased its ambitions, with 20 GW of installed capacity in 2030, and the United Kingdom is aiming for 30 GW over the same period). Furthermore, it seems appropriate to integrate the tidal energy sector into the PPE both at sea and on rivers. These objectives should of course be correlated to price conditions (they are constantly falling and should be able to reach 80, even 60 euros/MWh in the near future) and local supply for the equipment, thus promoting local jobs. It is more broadly a question of reestablishing a confidence and market visibility so that manufacturers invest in a sector whose technological and industrial maturity and ecological necessity are known. She wants to know his intentions on this matter.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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