Question 15440 — energy and fuels

Summary

Mr. Yannick Favennec-Bécot draws the attention of the Minister of Agriculture and Food to the implementation of a note relating to the obligation to sanitize incoming materials, for collective agricultural methanization projects. Since the dissemination of the said note, several collective project leaders have been contacted by their departmental directorate for the protection of populations (DDPP), inviting them to get closer to their services in order to define the hygiene methods to be deployed on their site. The DDPP justifies this under cover of the implementation of the ministerial decree of April 9, 2018 establishing the national technical provisions relating to the use of animal by-products in methanization. It should be noted that the decree as it is written opens up the possibility of an exemption from the hygiene obligation, both for projects individual and collective, to the extent that they provide evidence of incoming materials from farms listed in a closed list and committing to an annual health assessment. The chambers of agriculture warn of the risk that the systematization of sanitation poses to collective projects and the probable questioning of the finalization and commissioning of projects in development, or even of the sustainability of the projects. functioning. Indeed, application of the new DGAL requirements requires, prior to methanization, crushing of incoming materials (12 mm) and raising the temperature to 70 degrees for one hour. The chambers of agriculture consider, on the one hand, that the upstream preparation of the material is inappropriate and incompatible with the typology of agricultural inputs and in particular manure, and on the other hand, that this treatment in upstream would imply liquefaction of materials leading to levels of recirculation or even water consumption, inducing volumes of materials to be managed and consequently oversized and too expensive digestion and storage works. Regarding the temperature and time couple, it should be remembered that all the energy required to meet these requirements will represent even less added value for the units (increase charges if purchase of natural gas or reduction in revenue if self-consumption of biogas for sanitation purposes). Ultimately, these requirements would lead to an increase in investments which could be estimated at 10% and a doubling of the unit's own heat requirements. Agricultural methanization projects as carried out by the agricultural world aim to recover energy from the by-products of their activity economic. Certainly slightly methanogenic, this resource is present in the territories and is a controlled long-term guarantee. If, however, the regulations aim to increasingly constrain projects, they will have no other prospects than to use non-agricultural materials. Also, stakeholders in the sector are contesting these requirements which compromise the growth of agricultural methanization, although it is central in terms of energy transition ambition. Also, he asks him what response he intends to give to these legitimate concerns.

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