Question 17138 — housing

Summary

Mr. Jean-Michel Brard draws the attention of the Minister of Ecological Transition, Biodiversity and International Negotiations on Climate and Nature to the need to develop the 2020 environmental regulations (RE2020) and the energy performance diagnosis (DPE) in order to better take into account summer comfort and the adaptation of housing to episodes of high heat. In Loire-Atlantique, as on a large part of French territory, heat waves are increasing and intensifying. Throughout the department and particularly in the Pays de Retz, periods of heatwave put a strain on residents, particularly the elderly, young children, people with disabilities or those suffering from chronic illnesses. Dwellings particularly located under the attic, apartments heavily exposed to the sun or residences built before the latest thermal standards sometimes become uninhabitable for several days. Local elected officials, social landlords and building professionals note that the fight against thermal sieves can no longer be thought of solely from the angle of winter heating. Many homes renovated to improve their energy performance maintain, or even accentuate, the phenomena of summer overheating when suitable cooling solutions have not been provided. However, the current rules of RE2020 appear insufficiently adapted to this new climatic reality. The regulatory calculation includes “fictitious air conditioning” which penalizes buildings likely to experience summer discomfort, even when no equipment is installed. This method discourages the installation of systems of efficient cooling, in particular reversible air/air heat pumps, yet energy efficient and particularly relevant in a country whose electricity production is largely carbon-free. Furthermore, the energy performance diagnosis remains essentially focused on heating needs. According to a study by Pouget Consultants carried out for IGNES, nearly one in two homes presents a significant risk of summer overheating and nearly 30% of homes classified A in the DPE are affected. This situation questions the relevance of a tool which does not sufficiently reflect the real comfort conditions of occupants during the summer. In a coastal department like Loire-Atlantique, where heat episodes are becoming more frequent despite the proximity of the ocean, this development is now essential. The establishments welcoming elderly people or children, social housing and homes occupied by the poorest households are particularly concerned. Therefore, he therefore asks whether the Government plans to review the primary energy coefficients and carbon factors applied to electricity in RE2020 in order to better take into account the reality of the French energy mix. He also wants to know if a Changes in regulations are planned to better promote efficient cooling equipment in regulatory calculations and renovation assistance systems. Finally, he asks what measures will be taken to strengthen the consideration of summer comfort in the energy performance diagnosis and according to what timetable the Government intends to urgently adapt these measures in order to reconcile performance energy, adaptation to climate change and protection of populations in their diversity of housing.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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