Question 2486 — energy and fuels

Summary

Mrs Brigitte Barèges questions the Minister Delegate to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industry, responsible for industry, on the revision of the MaPrimeRenov' aid scale, concerning wood heating. After an initial 30% reduction in aid for the installation of wood heating appliances applied on April 1, 2024, the Government is preparing a new revision of the scale of aid for energy renovation, with a reduction 50% for domestic wood heating. This reduction would be applicable from January 1, 2025 and in eight months, it would amount to dividing by three the State support for the installation of wood heating appliances, without distinction of performance, fuels, replacement of appliances that emit more greenhouse gases and fine particles or even the territories concerned. Wood heating, more particularly pellet heating, is nevertheless recognized as virtuous by numerous public organizations, first and foremost the Ecological Transition Agency (ADEME). It is an economical energy (the cheapest energy, ahead of fuel oil, gas or electricity), local (200 km radius of distribution of pellets around the sampling point in the forest), virtuous for the environment (it only releases 26 g of CO2, per kWh, 15 times less than the fuel oil) and it is part of a circular economy logic since it is produced from co-products of the forest-wood industry (sawdust for more than 90%). Wood pellets also allow diversification of the heating energy mix in the face of the temptation of “all heat pumps” which exposes the country to problems of peak electricity demand. Pellet reinforces French energy sovereignty (autonomy national production of 85%). Also, this draft decision appears particularly contradictory with France's energy transition objectives. Taken in the name of the completion of biomass by 2035 and an alleged competition between industrial uses (decarbonization of large sites with the production of high temperature heat) and residential uses, it ignores the reality of the production processes of wood pellets and gradual reduction in biomass consumption, as a trend over the coming years (through the replacement of old, less efficient wood heating appliances with modern, efficient appliances and better quality fuels). It also ignores the recommendations of the General Secretariat for Ecological Planning (SGPE), which explains in several planning documents (2023 and 2024) that the Domestic wood heating can continue to be encouraged (merit order), under certain conditions. Consequently, she asks him if the Government plans to review the project to revise the MaPrimeRenov' scale concerning heating and to initiate a discussion with the representative players in the sector. Finally, she questions him more generally about the compatibility between the necessary decarbonization of large sites industrial sectors and the policy of supporting carbon-free residential heating.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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