Question 8582 — digital

Summary

Ms. Cyrielle Chatelain questions the Minister Delegate to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty, responsible for artificial intelligence and digital technology, on the impacts of the migration of public servers to Windows 11. The end of Windows 10 in favor of Windows 11, the new version of Microsoft software, is scheduled for October 14, 2025. A very large majority of PCs used by the public sector benefit from the Windows operating system and Windows 11 will not be compatible with a large proportion of computers. The MP therefore wishes to know what the State plans with regard to the transition to Windows 11 with a view to limiting the economic and environmental impacts linked to the replacement of computer equipment currently configured on Windows 10 in the public sector and asks to be informed of the total cost of the operations as well as the quantity of digital waste generated by the transition to Windows 11. She also wishes to know to what extent the choice of maintaining software of American origin is relevant today in view of the geopolitical context and the risks in terms of data sovereignty and security and whether responses are envisaged to ensure the sovereignty of France and State services in terms of software and data protection. Indeed, a prosecutor from the International Criminal Court recently saw his professional emails, hosted on Microsoft Outlook, be cut off at the request of President Trump, raising the question of the risks of foreign interference given the links between Microsoft and the American government. Finally, she asks him if, like other states (Germany, Denmark) and certain communities (Grenoble and more recently Lyon), the State plans to train administrations and systematize the use of Linux systems, whose free and open-source nature makes it possible to limit the risks of surveillance and planned obsolescence.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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