Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

enactedUnited States· United States Congress· EN

Introduced

9 May 1989

Last action

26 July 1990 · Became law

Status

Became Public Law No: 101-336.

Summary

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1989 - Title I: General Prohibition Against Discrimination - Declares that it shall be discriminatory, on the basis of disability, to deny opportunities or to afford them unequally, to provide opportunities less effectively (or differently or separately, unless necessary for effectiveness), to assist an organization or individual that discriminates, or to otherwise limit opportunities enjoyed by others. Prohibits the use of standards, criteria, or administrative methods that have the purpose or effect of discrimination or perpetuate discrimination. Declares it discriminatory to deny equal opportunities because of the relationship or association of an individual with another individual with a disability. Allows as a defense to a charge of discrimination that an application of standards or criteria has been demonstrated to be both necessary and substantially related to the ability of an individual to take advantage of the essential components of the opportunity, and that the taking advantage cannot be accomplished by reasonable accommodations, modifications, or the provision of auxiliary aids or services. Title II: Employment - Prohibits discrimination by any employer, employment agency, labor organization, or joint labor-management committee against any qualified individual with a disability in job application procedures, hiring or discharge, compensation, advancement, training, and other terms, conditions, and privileges of employment. Lists types of actions construed to be discrimination. Makes the remedies set forth in specified provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and other specified Federal law available to any individual who believes that he or she is being or is about to be subjected to discrimination in violation of this Act. Title III: Public Services - Declares that no qualified individual with a disability shall be excluded from the participation in, denied the benefits of, or subjected to discrimination by a State, or by an agency, political subdivision, or other instrumentality of a State. Lists types of actions deemed, for purposes of this Act and specified provisions of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, to be discrimination with regard to public transportation. Makes the remedies and rights set forth in specified provisions of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 available to any individual who believes that he or she is being or is about to be subjected to discrimination in violation of this Act. Title IV: Public Accommodations and Services Operated by Private Entities - Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in the enjoyment of any place of public accommodation. Lists types of actions construed to be discrimination. Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in public transportation services provided by a private entity that is primarily engaged in transporting people, but that is not in the principal business of air transportation. Lists types of actions construed to be discrimination. Makes specified provisions of the Fair Housing Act relating to enforcement available, subject to exception, to any aggrieved individual. Title V: Telecommunications Relay Services - Defines "telecommunications relay services" to mean services that enable simultaneous communication between individuals who use telecommunications devices for the deaf (TDDs) or other nonvoice terminal devices and individuals who do not use such devices. Declares it discriminatory for any common carrier that offers telephone services to the public to fail to provide interstate or intrastate telecommunication relay services that are equal to those provided to their customers who are able to use voice services, except in any State in which services are provided through an entity designated by the State. Declares it discrimination by a State that makes such a designation if the State fails to provide interstate or intrastate relay services that are equal to those provided to their voice customers. Makes specified provisions of the Fair Housing Act relating to enforcement available, subject to exception, to any aggrieved individual. Requires the Federal Communications Commission to enforce this title. Makes specified provisions of the Communication Act of 1934 apply with respect to the enforcement of this title. Provides for cease and desist orders by the Commission and for monetary penalties. Title VI: Miscellaneous Provisions - Prohibits retaliatory discrimination against any individual because of actions related to this Act. Declares that a State shall not be immune under the 11th Amendment to the Constitution from an action in Federal court for a violation of this Act. Requires the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board to issue minimum guidelines to supplement the existing Minimum Guidelines and Requirements for Accessible Design. Allows the awarding of reasonable attorney's fees, in certain circumstances, in any action or proceeding under this Act.

This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.

Timeline

9 May 1989
Introduced
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources.
Source: IntroReferral
9 May 1989
Committee
Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 101-156.
Source: Committee
9 May 1989
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
Source: IntroReferral
10 May 1989
Committee
Subcommittee on Handicapped (Labor and Human Res.). Hearings held.
Source: Committee
16 May 1989
Committee
Subcommittee on Handicapped (Labor and Human Res.). Hearings held.
Source: Committee
22 June 1989
Committee
Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Hearings held.
Source: Committee
2 August 1989
Reported
Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
Source: Committee
30 August 1989
Calendars
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 216.
Source: Calendars
30 August 1989
Reported
Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Reported to Senate by Senator Kennedy under the authority of the order of Aug 2, 89 with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 101-116. Additional views filed.
Source: Committee
30 August 1989
Reported
Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Reported to Senate by Senator Kennedy under the authority of the order of Aug 2, 89 with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 101-116. Additional views filed.
Source: Committee
7 September 1989
Floor
Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent.
Source: Floor
7 September 1989
Vote
Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 76-8. Record Vote No: 173.
Source: Floor
12 September 1989
Floor
Received in the House.
Source: Floor
12 September 1989
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
12 September 1989
Floor
Held at the desk.
Source: Floor
16 October 1989
Passed
Senate ordered measure printed as passed with amendments of the Senate numbered.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Floor
A similar measure H.R. 2273 was laid on the table without objection.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Passed
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Passed
On passage Passed without objection.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Passed
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed without objection.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Passed
The House struck all after the enacting clause and inserted in lieu thereof the provisions of a similar measure H.R. 2273. Agreed to without objection.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Passed
Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 2273 with 2 hours of general debate. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. All points of order against consideration of the bill are waived. In lieu of the amendments now printed in the bill, it shall be in order to consider an amendment in the nature of a substitute printed in part one of the report accompanying this resolution as an original bill and all points of order against the substitute and the amendments printed in part two of the report are waived. Measure will be considered read. Specified amendments are in order. After passage of H.R. 2273, it shall be in order to take from the Speaker's table and consider in the House the bill S.933 and it shall be in order to move to strike all after the enacting clause and insert the text of H.R. 2273, as passed by the House.
Source: Floor
22 May 1990
Floor
Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 394.
Source: Floor
24 May 1990
Floor
Message on House action received in Senate and held at desk: House amendments to Senate bill and House requests a conference.
Source: Floor
24 May 1990
ResolvingDifferences
The chair appointed conferees - from the Committee on Education and Labor for consideration of the Senate bill, and the House amendment, and modifications committed to conference: Hawkins, Owens (NY), Martinez, Bartlett, and Fawell.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
24 May 1990
Floor
DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on the motion to instruct conferees to insist on the inclusion of the provisions of section 310 (B) of the House amendment relating to the date when civil actions may be taken against certain private entities in Title III.
Source: Floor
24 May 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Fish moved that the House instruct conferees.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
24 May 1990
Passed
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
24 May 1990
Passed
On motion that the House insist upon its amendment, and request a conference Agreed to without objection.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
24 May 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Hoyer asked unanimous consent that the House insist upon its amendment, and request a conference.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
6 June 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Senate Conferees instructed.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
6 June 1990
Floor
Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent.
Source: Floor
6 June 1990
Passed
Resolving differences -- Senate actions: Senate disagreed to the House amendments by Voice Vote.
Source: NotUsed
7 June 1990
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
25 June 1990
Passed
Conferees agreed to file conference report.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
25 June 1990
Passed
Conference committee actions: Conferees agreed to file conference report.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
26 June 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference papers: Senate report and managers' statement and official papers held at the desk in Senate.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
26 June 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report H. Rept. 101-558 filed.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
26 June 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report filed: Conference report H. Rept. 101-558 filed.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
27 June 1990
Floor
NOTICE REQUIREMENT--MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES - Pursuant to House Rule XXVIII, Section 1, Clause (c), Mr. Dannemeyer gave notice of his intent to offer a motion to instruct managers on the part of the House to the bill to insist on the amendment from the Congressman from Texas, Mr. Chapman, which reads as follows: "(d) FOOD HANDLING JOBS. -- It shall not be a violation of this Act for an employer to refuse to assign or continue to assign any employee with an infectious disease or communicable disease of public health significance to a job involving food handling, provided that the employer shall make reasonable accommodation that would offer an alternative employment opportunity for which the employee is qualified and for which the employee would sustain no economic damage."
Source: Floor
11 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report considered in Senate. By Unanimous Consent.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference papers: message on House action held at the desk in Senate.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
Vote
On agreeing to the conference report Agreed to by recorded vote: 377 - 28 (Roll no. 228).
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
Vote
Conference report agreed to in House: On agreeing to the conference report Agreed to by recorded vote: 377 - 28 (Roll no. 228).
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
Vote
On motion to recommit with instructions to conference committee Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 180 - 224 (Roll no. 227).
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
The previous question was ordered without objection.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Hawkins brought up conference report H.Rept. 101-596 for consideration as a privileged matter.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
Floor
DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of general debate on the conference report.
Source: Floor
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Mr. Dannemeyer moved to recommit with instructions to the conference committee.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report H. Rept. 101-596 filed.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
12 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report filed: Conference report H. Rept. 101-596 filed.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
13 July 1990
ResolvingDifferences
Conference report considered in Senate.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
13 July 1990
Vote
Conference report agreed to in Senate: Senate agreed to conference report by Yea-Nay Vote. 91-6. Record Vote No: 152.
Source: ResolvingDifferences
16 July 1990
Floor
Message on Senate action sent to the House.
Source: Floor
17 July 1990
Floor
Presented to President.
Source: Floor
17 July 1990
President
Presented to President.
Source: President
17 July 1990
Floor
Measure Signed in Senate.
Source: Floor
26 July 1990
President
Signed by President.
Source: President
26 July 1990
Became law
Signed by President.
Source: BecameLaw
26 July 1990
Became law
Became Public Law No: 101-336.
Source: President

Votes

13 July 1990 · Conference Report Agreed to · On the Conference Report S. 933 · Conference Report Agreed to · Official source

Yes 91 · No 6 · Abstain — · Absent/not voting 3

Showing the first 4 recorded positions. Vote totals above are complete.

7 September 1989 · Bill Passed · On Passage of the Bill S. 933 · Bill Passed · Official source

Yes 76 · No 8 · Abstain — · Absent/not voting 16

Showing the first 4 recorded positions. Vote totals above are complete.

Versions

Engrossed Amendment House · — · Download file
Enrolled Bill · — · Download file
Engrossed in Senate · — · Download file
Introduced in Senate · — · Download file
Public Print · — · Download file
Reported to Senate · — · Download file

Documents

12 official files

Reported to Senate (text)

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Reported to Senate (text)
Reported to Senate · EN
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Public Print (text)
Public Print · EN
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Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate · EN
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Engrossed in Senate (text)
Engrossed in Senate · EN
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Enrolled Bill (text)
Enrolled Bill · EN
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Engrossed Amendment House (text)
Engrossed Amendment House · EN
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Public Law (PDF)
Public Law · EN · 27 July 1990
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Conference report filed in House
summary · EN · 12 July 1990
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Passed House amended
summary · EN · 22 May 1990
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Passed Senate amended
summary · EN · 7 September 1989
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Reported to Senate with amendment(s)
summary · EN · 30 August 1989
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Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 9 May 1989
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Direct relationships

Legal framework · Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 · S. 933 (101st) · US

Identifier matchPROJECTS_FROM
Same us record 101-s-933 projected from PoliticalRepo US row.
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Sources

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Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/933
Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/101/s/933
us · 101-s-933 · source updated 21 April 2025