Question 16636 — energy and fuels

Summary

Ms. Véronique Ludmann draws the attention of the Minister of Agriculture, Agri-Food and Food Sovereignty to the energy expenditure of agricultural holdings and to the conditions under which these holdings can themselves produce energy. In the Oise, agriculture weighs heavily: large cereal and beet crops, livestock farming, agri-food activities. For these farms, energy has become a load item that is difficult to anticipate. Non-road diesel (NGR) powers the machines, but electricity and gas are also used for drying crops, irrigation, ventilation and heating of livestock buildings. The resumption of tensions in the Middle East caused the price of GNR to rise sharply in spring 2026. The Government reacted by temporarily covering the excise, established by decree no. 2026-334 of 30 April 2026 and announced as being extended until the end of August, but this aid only covers part of the increase suffered. Basically, the reduced excise rate applicable to agricultural GNR remains frozen at 3.86 euros per hectoliter since 2024, without operators having any visibility beyond this de facto stability. Added to this is the cost of inputs linked to the price of gas, starting with nitrogen fertilizers. The farms do not are not only consumers of energy: they can also produce it and earn additional income from it. Photovoltaics on buildings and hangars, like agrivoltaics regulated since Decree No. 2024-318 of April 8, 2024 taken in application of the APER law, opens a first path. Anaerobic digestion opens up another, by recovering livestock effluent, crop residues and intermediate crops. On this point, the third multi-year energy program, adopted by decree no. 2026-76 of February 12, 2026, sets a target of 44 TWh for injected biomethane in 2030, or nearly triple current capacities. On June 25, 2026, the Government also announced the extension until 2041 of the trajectory of biogas production certificates, as well as the replacement, from January 2027, of the open purchase obligation window. by a simplified call for tenders for smaller installations. These guidelines are going in the right direction. Their scope will, however, depend on their concrete translation and the place given to small-scale farms, which are numerous in the department. It therefore wishes to know the measures envisaged to guarantee farmers lasting visibility on the cost of energy beyond temporary crisis measures, in particular on the future of the reduced GNR tariff. She also questions him on the terms of the future simplified call for tenders, so that it effectively benefits small agricultural methanization units, as well as on the stabilization of the agrivoltaic framework, particularly with regard to the sharing of value between the operator, the landowner and the electricity producer, so that energy production remains a complement to agricultural activity. without competing with the nourishing vocation of the land.

Machine translation from French. The official text remains authoritative.

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