Question· Question écrite17975open
France · National Assembly · 8 September 2026
Ms Pauline Cestrières questions the Minister of Action and Public Accounts on the guarantees provided to companies in the face of the risks linked to approved electronic invoicing platforms. Since September 1, 2026, companies must be able to receive their electronic invoices via an approved platform, before the gradual generalization of electronic issuance on September 1, 2027. While a public invoicing portal had initially been planned, the State ultimately chose to rely on approved private platforms. Companies, particularly VSEs and SMEs, must therefore pass through these operators sensitive commercial and financial data relating to their activity, their customers and their suppliers. By relying on private operators for the transmission and reception of invoices electronic, the State requires companies to depend on platforms whose security or operation they have no direct control over. In a context of increasing cyberattacks targeting companies and French administrations, it is clear that zero risk in terms of cybersecurity is illusory. While, in theory, approved platforms are subject to strict security requirements, the question of liability in the event of an incident remains, in practice, decisive. It therefore asks it to specify what guarantees are provided so that companies victims of a cyber attack or a failure of an approved platform can obtain compensation for their damage and that the continuity and restoration of the service are effectively ensured, without making them bear the consequences of an incident which they have, in fact, no control.
Question· Question écrite17511open
France · National Assembly · 4 August 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Labor and Solidarity to the means devoted to integration through economic activity. The structures for integration through economic activity - integration companies, integration workshops and projects, intermediary associations and temporary work integration companies - support nearly 300,000 people separated from employment each year. They constitute a link essential part of the public employment service and play a determining role in rural areas, fragile employment areas and priority neighborhoods of urban policy, where they contribute to professional integration, the maintenance of local economic activity and the response to recruitment tensions. Several evaluations, notably carried out by the management of research, studies and statistics (DARES) and by the Court of Auditors, highlight the positive effects of integration through economic activity on the sustainable return to employment as well as on public finances. As budget discussions for 2027 approach, players in the sector are expressing concerns about the visibility of the funding that will be allocated to them, while this visibility conditions their ability to recruit, invest and to sustainably support people furthest from employment. She asks him what orientations the Government intends to adopt with regard to the means devoted to integration through economic activity in the draft finance law for 2027, in order to guarantee structures a level of financing allowing them to fully exercise their missions, and if it plans to define a multi-annual financing trajectory in order to to offer structures the visibility necessary to sustain their action in the service of employment, social cohesion and regional development.
Question· Question écrite16879open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister Delegate, spokesperson for the Government to the Prime Minister, and Minister Delegate, responsible for energy to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty, to the saturation of source stations in several rural areas, particularly in the department of Aveyron, which is slowing down the development of renewable energies. SO While the State encourages communities, farmers, businesses and industrialists to invest in photovoltaics, many project leaders are faced with the insufficient capacity of the public electricity distribution network. Connection refusals, injection limitations and excessive delays compromise investments that are nevertheless essential to the energy transition. This situation reveals a gap between the objectives of the national energy policy and the capacities of the public electricity distribution network. This inconsistency is all the more obvious as municipalities have been called upon to identify areas for accelerating renewable energies, without the corresponding connection capacities being systematically there. Without strengthening infrastructure, connecting new renewable electricity production capacity risks being permanently hampered in the most constrained departments. Consequently, she asks whether the Government intends to initiate, in conjunction with electricity network managers, a national investment plan for the strengthening and modernization of source substations, in order to remove connection constraints and guarantee appropriate connection capacities. to the needs of the energy transition.
Question· Question écrite16433open
France · National Assembly · 30 June 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Action and Public Accounts to the adequacy between the responsibilities exercised by town hall secretaries and their statutory position within the territorial public service. Law No. 2023-1380 of December 30, 2023 aimed at upgrading the profession of town hall secretary constituted an important step forward for the recognition of this essential function for life. municipalities. In particular, it created new avenues for internal promotion and established a temporary requalification system allowing certain agents to access category B. However, many local elected officials question the adequacy between the level of responsibilities actually exercised by town hall general secretaries and their statutory positioning. In many municipalities, particularly in rural areas, these agents ensure budget preparation and execution, accounting monitoring, human resources management, public procurement, town planning, the preparation of administrative acts as well as the legal security of the decisions of the local executive. These responsibilities have been considerably strengthened in recent decades as a result of the increasing complexity of the standards applicable to communities. territorial and the reduction in engineering capacities available to small municipalities. In fact, town hall general secretaries frequently constitute the main, or even the only, administrative executive of the community. They support mayors in the daily conduct of municipal affairs and contribute directly to the continuity and legal security of the local public service. These concerns find a growing echo among the professionals concerned, as evidenced by the recent organization of the first national Congress of town hall secretaries, devoted to the issues of attractiveness, recognition and development of this profession essential to the life of municipalities. In a context marked by persistent recruitment difficulties, by the aging of the workforce and by growing expectations with regard to local authorities, the attractiveness of this function appears more than ever decisive for the future of rural municipalities. Also, she asks him what analysis the Government is carrying out on the adequacy between the missions currently entrusted to town hall general secretaries and their statutory positioning, what reasons led to making category B the main reference level of the revaluation system established by the law of December 30, 2023 and considers that this statutory framework now makes it possible to fully take into account the level of responsibilities actually exercised by these agents, particularly in rural municipalities, as well as the attractiveness and recruitment needs faced by local authorities.
Question· Question écrite16431open
France · National Assembly · 30 June 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Action and Public Accounts to the first effects of Law No. 2023-1380 of December 30, 2023 aimed at upgrading the profession of town hall secretary. This law constituted an expected step forward for the recognition of a function essential to the daily functioning of municipalities, particularly in rural areas. In particular, it established a specific seniority advantage, created new avenues for internal promotion and put in place a temporary requalification system allowing certain agents to more easily access category B. However, while this requalification plan remains open until December 31, 2027, numerous reports from the field are already raising questions about the concrete effects of the reform in terms of remuneration and the attractiveness of the profession. If some agents have been able to benefit from a statutory change, the changes in remuneration actually observed sometimes remain limited, giving rise to a feeling of incomprehension with regard to the responsibilities exercised. However, town hall secretaries very often constitute, in small municipalities, the main administrative, budgetary, financial and legal support for local elected officials. In a context of increasing complexity of standards, recruitment tensions and the aging of the workforce, the recognition of this function represents a major challenge for the continuity of the local public service. She therefore asks what initial assessment the Government draws from the implementation of the law of December 30, 2023, how many agents have actually benefited to date from the promotion and requalification measures that it has established, if it has a first evaluation of the changes in remuneration observed since its entry into force and what measures it intends to take in order to sustainably strengthen the attractiveness and recognition of the function of town hall secretary general.
Question· Question écrite15897open
France · National Assembly · 16 June 2026
Mme Pauline Cestrières appelle l'attention de Mme la ministre de l'agriculture, de l'agro-alimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire sur les conséquences des occupations illicites de terres agricoles à l'occasion de rassemblements festifs non déclarés. Lorsque plusieurs centaines, voire plusieurs milliers de personnes occupent durant plusieurs jours des parcelles agricoles, les exploitants peuvent se retrouver confrontés à la présence de déchets, de déjections humaines, de matériels abandonnés ou encore à la dégradation de pâturages, de cultures ou de fourrages. Pour les exploitants agricoles, ces situations soulèvent des questions très concrètes. Les parcelles concernées peuvent-elles être réutilisées immédiatement ? Des précautions particulières doivent-elles être prises avant la reprise normale de l'activité ? Quels délais, vérifications ou expertises peuvent être nécessaires lorsque des déchets, des déjections humaines ou d'autres sources potentielles de contamination sont présents sur les terrains concernés ? Or de nombreux professionnels agricoles indiquent ne disposer d'aucun cadre national clairement identifié précisant les démarches à entreprendre après ce type d'occupation ni les interlocuteurs susceptibles de les accompagner. Alors même que le projet de loi d'urgence pour la protection et la souveraineté agricoles réaffirme la nécessité de préserver le potentiel productif agricole national, ces situations peuvent conduire à l'indisponibilité temporaire de certaines parcelles et fragiliser l'activité des exploitations concernées. Elle lui demande en conséquence si des recommandations nationales existent aujourd'hui pour accompagner les exploitants agricoles confrontés à de telles situations. Si tel n'est pas le cas, elle souhaite savoir si le Gouvernement envisage l'élaboration d'un protocole national de gestion post-occupation des terres agricoles, associant notamment les services de l'État compétents, les directions départementales en charge de la protection des populations, les services vétérinaires de l'État, les chambres d'agriculture et les organisations professionnelles agricoles, afin d'apporter aux agriculteurs un cadre clair pour évaluer les conséquences de ces occupations et sécuriser la reprise de leur activité.
Question· Question écrite15961open
France · National Assembly · 16 June 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Higher Education, Research and Space to taking into account the paths of employed students in access to master's courses. Every year, many students express their incomprehension at the refusals they receive during master's admission procedures, despite having obtained a license and the coherence of their further study plan. By Elsewhere, for certain particularly popular training courses, the number of candidates remains well above capacity. This situation leads many graduates to find themselves without a solution for continuing their master's studies, despite the validation of their course and the construction of a coherent professional project. This situation appears particularly worrying for employed students who must carry out an activity professional in order to finance their studies. While the Republic must allow everyone to rise through work and effort, selection cannot become a social filter that penalizes those who work to finance their studies. Finally, many candidates deplore the lack of clarity of the selection criteria as well as the absence of sufficiently precise explanations as to the reasons for the refusals they receive. Also, she asks what measures the Government intends to implement in order to better take into account the career paths of employed students in master's admission procedures, to strengthen the transparency of selection criteria, to adapt reception capacities when needs are sustainably identified and to draw lessons from evaluations already carried out in order to guarantee real equality of opportunity in access to the second university cycle.
Question· Question écrite16036open
France · National Assembly · 16 June 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of the Interior to the increase in undeclared festive gatherings of a musical nature organized on private agricultural land. In recent weeks, several departments, notably Aveyron, Lozère, Tarn-et-Garonne and Hérault, have been confronted with the installation of rave parties, free parties or teknivals on agricultural farms without the agreement of their owners. The National Assembly recently adopted at first reading the bill aimed at strengthening the criminalization of the organization of rave parties. Furthermore, the emergency bill for agricultural protection and sovereignty provides for a strengthening of sanctions applicable to intrusions, theft and damage committed on agricultural operations. These developments reflect a welcome awareness of the need to better protect those who produce and feed France. If the criminal response is essential, it does not solve everything. On the ground, many farmers feel that they are still too often left alone to face the consequences of these illegal installations. When several hundred, even several thousand people settle for several days on agricultural land, the consequences can be considerable: destroyed fences, soiled pastures, abandoned waste, significant presence of human waste, temporary impossibility of using certain plots for feeding herds and sometimes significant economic damage. She asks what additional measures the Government intends to implement to prevent these illicit occupations and guarantee rapid and coordinated intervention by state services in order to ensure the effective protection of agricultural operations. She also asks whether national instructions have been given to prefects in order to ensure systematic support for farmers who are victims of these occupations, in particular for the observation and assessment of the damage suffered by farms, the mobilization of the competent State services, the initiation of prosecutions as well as access to existing compensation schemes, where applicable in conjunction with the local authorities concerned.
Question· Question écrite16093open
France · National Assembly · 16 June 2026
Mrs. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Transport to the evolution of the financing of the Rodez-Paris air link. This service, provided as part of a public service obligation under regional planning, constitutes an essential tool for opening up Aveyron. It contributes directly to the economic, tourist, academic and institutional attractiveness of Aveyron and strengthens its accessibility from the capital. However, the local authorities concerned have been informed of a significant increase in the cost of this public service obligation and are concerned about a downward trend in the State's financial participation, likely to increase the burden on local budgets. In a context of strong constraints weighing on the finances of local authorities, this development questions the place that the State intends to continue to assume in the financing of air connections which it itself recognizes as necessary for the development and cohesion of territories. It therefore asks it to confirm the evolution of the State's financial participation in the Rodez-Paris air link, to specify the reasons and to indicate the commitments it intends to make in order to sustainably guarantee the maintenance of this service. strategic, essential to the opening up, attractiveness and development of Aveyron.
Question· Question écrite15703answered
France · National Assembly · 2 June 2026
Mrs. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Transport to the effective implementation of the rolling stock modernization program intended for the Intercités night lines. The call for tenders published on February 18, 2025 for 180 sleeper cars and 27 locomotives intended for the Intercités night lines constitutes a structuring step to ensure the sustainability and modernization of the national night train network. The park currently in circulation, which is particularly old, calls for essential renewal in order to guarantee the continuity, reliability and quality of the public rail service. For areas far from high-speed infrastructure, such as Aveyron, the Paris-Rodez link is of particular importance with regard to the objectives of land use planning and equal access to public services. and national cohesion. The quality of this service depends directly on the availability, reliability and performance of the rolling stock assigned to night lines. The finance law for 2026 adopted, it therefore wishes to know when the notification of public contracts resulting from the procedure initiated in February 2025 will take place; what is the forecast schedule for delivery, approval and commissioning of the new trainsets are being considered; according to what criteria will their distribution be organized between the different Intercity night lines, and what measures it intends to implement in order to ensure, in the meantime, the continuity, regularity and reliability of the service on the structuring links serving the territories furthest from the main railway routes.
Question· Question écrite15481open
France · National Assembly · 26 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Health, Families, Autonomy and Disabled People to the growing weakening of access to care in isolated rural areas. In many areas, particularly in mid-mountain areas, the aging of the population, geographical distance and the decline in medical demographics accentuate the difficulties of access to a general practitioner and, more largely, to a local care offer. Faced with this observation, health professionals, local elected officials and public intermunicipal cooperation establishments (EPCI) have strongly mobilized, as is particularly the case in his constituency. They have developed concrete responses based on coordinated exercise, territorial professional health communities (CPTS), multi-professional health centers, reception interns, as well as local prevention and environmental health policies. These initiatives are essential: they make it possible to mitigate the effects of the medical shortage and maintain a local health presence in areas that are already highly weakened. However, they cannot, on their own, sustainably compensate for structural imbalances which continue to widen despite incentive schemes. existing. She therefore questions him on the developments that the Government intends to initiate in order to sustainably strengthen access to care in landlocked rural areas, particularly in terms of the territorial distribution of general practitioners, support for coordinated local organizations and territorialization of health policies. She also wishes to know how the Government intends to strengthen the role of the CPTS in local policies for prevention, coordination and access to care, in conjunction with local authorities and particularly EPCIs.
Question· Question écrite15253answered
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Health, Families, Autonomy and People with Disabilities to the need to structure peer assistance in the field of autism and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) as a sustainable social investment and not as an additional burden on public finances. Based on the sharing of lived experience of the disorder, diagnosis and journey support, peer assistance constitutes a lever for autonomy, confidence and prevention of career disruptions. It gives a voice back to those who have experienced the disorder from within, recreates a bond of understanding and trust between peers and professionals and gives meaning to support. The experiences carried out within numerous structures, such as mutual aid groups (GEM) and associations of field, show, particularly in its department of Aveyron, that the presence of peer helpers improves team dynamics, calms relationships and reduces situations of crisis, isolation or re-hospitalization. These effects, already well documented, reflect a more human, more efficient and economically virtuous approach to support. The National Autism and TND Strategy 2023-2027 explicitly mentions, in its commitment no. 5 “Supporting adolescents and adults”, the desire to support peer assistance and autonomy. However, the operational implementation of this commitment remains to be clarified and structured on the ground. In this context, he questions him on the means envisaged to give peer assistance a clear framework for recognition and deployment and to support training, professionalization and recognition. status of peer helpers, in partnership with associations, GEMs and, more broadly, all medico-social actors.
Question· Question écrite15168open
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Mme Pauline Cestrières appelle l'attention de M. le ministre de l'intérieur sur la recrudescence des détournements frauduleux d'accès au système d'immatriculation des véhicules (SIV). Les professionnels de l'automobile habilités à effectuer, pour le compte de l'État, des opérations d'immatriculation signalent en effet la multiplication de tentatives d'hameçonnage, de compromissions d'identifiants et d'utilisations frauduleuses de leurs habilitations par des tiers. De tels détournements permettraient la réalisation d'immatriculations fictives ou irrégulières au moyen d'accès usurpés au système SIV. Selon les organisations professionnelles du secteur, notamment la Fédération nationale de l'automobile (FNA), ces situations ne constituent plus des cas isolés mais traduisent une recrudescence de pratiques frauduleuses susceptibles d'affecter l'intégrité et la fiabilité du dispositif national d'immatriculation. Dans l'ensemble des départements, y compris dans celui de l'Aveyron, ces situations exposent les professionnels concernés à des conséquences financières et administratives particulièrement lourdes, notamment lorsque des appels en recouvrement de taxes interviennent à la suite d'opérations d'immatriculation qu'ils contestent formellement avoir réalisées. Les professionnels soulignent également les difficultés qu'ils rencontrent pour faire reconnaître rapidement leur qualité de victimes et obtenir la suspension des procédures de recouvrement engagées à leur encontre, alors même qu'ils ont, dans de nombreux cas, déposé plainte pour usurpation ou utilisation frauduleuse de leurs habilitations. Dans ces conditions, certains professionnels envisagent de renoncer à leur habilitation SIV, ce qui pourrait fragiliser le fonctionnement du dispositif d'immatriculation et entraîner, pour les usagers, des difficultés d'accès au service. Il lui demande en conséquence quelles mesures le Gouvernement entend prendre afin, d'une part, de renforcer la sécurisation des accès au système d'immatriculation des véhicules et la détection des fraudes et, d'autre part, de préciser les conditions dans lesquelles la responsabilité administrative et financière des professionnels habilités peut être écartée ou suspendue lorsqu'ils sont victimes d'une usurpation de leurs accès, notamment en ce qui concerne la suspension des procédures de recouvrement de taxes lorsqu'une plainte a été déposée.
Question· Question écrite15284open
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Health, Families, Autonomy and People with Disabilities, to the conditions for recognition and financing of mobile oral care devices deployed in the territories, particularly in rural and under-resourced areas. In a context of persistent tensions over access to care, particularly in terms of oral health, these mobile units constitute a concrete response to reach out to people furthest from the provision of care, particularly people in precarious or isolated situations. Some of these systems, implemented in conjunction with faculties of dentistry training future dental surgeons, enable dental surgery students, supervised by qualified practitioners, to carry out care procedures under conditions guaranteeing their quality, security and their traceability, the acts being also duly rated in accordance with the nomenclatures in force. They also contribute, in a complementary manner, to prevention and oral health education actions, particularly among school populations. However, these structures face a major administrative and legal difficulty: in the absence of identification in the FINESS directory, the acts carried out cannot may be transmitted to health insurance organizations and cannot, therefore, be covered under common law. This situation creates a gap between the recognition of the health and social usefulness of these devices and their inability to access sustainable financing mechanisms under common law, even though they contribute to the objectives of prevention and access to care carried out by the public policies. It threatens their economic model and poses a risk of interruption of essential care provision in terms of prevention, screening and early care. This situation calls into question, more broadly, the adequacy of the legal framework applicable to mobile care structures, particularly when they are linked to health training establishments. In this context, he asks him if the The Government intends to clarify or change the conditions of identification in the FINESS directory in order to better take into account the specificity of mobile care structures, particularly those linked to university establishments. He would also like to know what adaptations could be considered to allow health insurance to cover the procedures carried out in these systems, as long as they meet the requirements. requirements for quality, safety and traceability of care and, more broadly, what measures it intends to take to secure, over time, the model of these innovative devices, essential to improving access to oral care throughout the territory.
Question· Question écrite15296answered
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Labor and Solidarity to the follow-up to be given to the multi-replacement fixed-term contract system (CDDM), the experiment of which ended on April 13, 2025. In its response to written question no. 12868, the Government confirmed the generally positive results of this system, highlighting in particular its interest in extending the duration of contracts, simplifying of human resources management and the response to replacement needs in sectors under pressure, particularly in the health, social and medico-social fields. He also indicated that he was in favor of any initiative allowing the extension of this experiment, while noting that the trade union organizations had not been sufficiently involved in its evaluation. However, in the absence of any measure of extension or transitional arrangement, the employers concerned are now forced to return to common law, implying the conclusion of a separate contract for each replacement, including very short-term ones. This situation generates increased administrative constraints, a disorganization of services and a loss of attractiveness of the positions offered, in sectors already strongly faced with difficulties of recruitment. In this context and in the absence of an operational response at this stage, he asks him again if he intends to take up this subject directly by undertaking the work necessary for a possible relaunch or perpetuation of the system, if transitional measures are envisaged in order to avoid a sudden break in the practices previously implemented, as well as the modalities according to which the social partners will be associated with this new phase of consultation.
Question· Question écrite15250answered
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister Delegate to the Minister of Health, Families, Autonomy and Disabled People, responsible for autonomy and disabled people, to the arrangements for taking into account the seniority of people with disabilities received in work assistance establishments and services (ESAT). In application of articles L. 243-4 and L. 243-5 of the social action code and families, these people are not linked to the establishment by an employment contract, but by a contract of support and assistance through work. As such, they receive guaranteed remuneration of between 55% and 110% of the minimum growth salary, under the conditions set by regulation, in particular in article R. 243-5 of the same code. This consists of a part financed by the establishment and assistance for the position paid by the State. However, this legal framework does not provide for any mechanism for automatic progression of remuneration based on seniority. For comparable qualifications and activity, the duration of engagement within the establishment has no direct impact on the level of guaranteed remuneration. If the law applicable to ESATs has recently evolved in order to strengthen the rights of accompanied persons, particularly in terms of professional training and career support, the valorization of experience acquired through seniority remains, to date, without translation into remuneration. In a context marked by the desire to promote the professional inclusion of people with disabilities and to bring ESAT courses closer to the ordinary working environment, this lack of recognition raises questions. He therefore asks her if the Government plans to develop the legal framework applicable to ESATs in order to allow seniority to be taken into account in determining guaranteed remuneration or, failing that, to specify the terms under which the professional experience acquired could be valued in the career paths and remuneration of the persons concerned.
Question· Question écrite15153open
France · National Assembly · 19 May 2026
Ms. Pauline Cestrières draws the attention of the Minister of Labor and Solidarity to the conditions of application of the representation leave provided for in articles L. 3142-60 et seq. of the Labor Code, in the field of child protection. This system allows employees designated to sit in a body established by a legislative or regulatory provision with a State authority or a local authority of benefit from the time necessary to carry out this mission. It aims to reconcile associative commitment and the continuity of professional activity, with the aim of involving civil society in the development and evaluation of public policies. In the field of child protection, the associations mentioned in article L. 224-11 of the code of social action and families, representing the people welcomed or formerly received by child welfare, are called upon to sit on bodies established by law or regulation. Their participation contributes to improving the systems intended for the children and young people concerned, by providing user expertise from backgrounds directly linked to protection measures. However, in this sector, difficulties in applying representation leave have been reported. They relate in particular to divergent interpretations of the scope of the system, to uncertainties relating to the conditions for maintaining remuneration and to the organization of employee replacement, as well as to questions concerning the coverage of costs linked to representation. These situations can, in practice, restrict the exercise of a right recognized by law. In a context of strengthening guarantees procedural and institutional in favor of protected children, the effective implementation of mechanisms allowing associative representation appears decisive for the quality of public decision-making in matters of child protection. He therefore asks whether the Government intends to specify, where appropriate by regulation or circular, the conditions for articulation between the provisions of the labor code relating to representational leave and the missions entrusted to the associations mentioned in Article L. 224-11 of the Social Action and Families Code and whether it plans to evaluate the application of this right in this field in order to guarantee uniform implementation throughout the territory.