United States · Bill · HR
H.R. 3144 (104th)
Defend America Act of 1996
Introduced
21 March 1996
Last action
16 May 1996 · Reported
Status
Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 287.
Sponsors
Rep. Livingston, Bob [R-LA-1], Rep. Gingrich, Newt [R-GA-6], Rep. Armey, Richard K. [R-TX-26], Rep. Spence, Floyd [R-SC-2], Rep. Gilman, Benjamin A. [R-NY-20], Rep. Kasich, John R. [R-OH-12], Rep. Hyde, Henry J. [R-IL-6], Rep. Young, C. W. Bill [R-FL-13], Rep. Hunter, Duncan [R-CA-52], Rep. Hoke, Martin R. [R-OH-10], Rep. Baker, Richard H. [R-LA-6], Rep. Ballenger, Cass [R-NC-10], Rep. Barr, Bob [R-GA-7], Rep. Barrett, Bill [R-NE-3], Rep. Bartlett, Roscoe G. [R-MD-6], Rep. Barton, Joe [R-TX-6], Rep. Bateman, Herbert H. [R-VA-1], Rep. Bilbray, Brian P. [R-CA-50], Rep. Bilirakis, Michael [R-FL-9], Rep. Bliley, Tom [R-VA-7], Rep. Bonilla, Henry [R-TX-23], Rep. Bono, Sonny [R-CA-44], Rep. Bryant, Ed [R-TN-7], Sen. Bunning, Jim [R-KY], Rep. Burton, Dan [R-IN-5], Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41], Rep. Callahan, Sonny [R-AL-1], Rep. Canady, Charles T. [R-FL-12], Sen. Chambliss, Saxby [R-GA], Rep. Chenoweth-Hage, Helen [R-ID-1], Rep. Chrysler, Dick [R-MI-8], Rep. Clinger, William F., Jr. [R-PA-5], Sen. Coburn, Tom [R-OK], Rep. Collins, Mac [R-GA-3], Rep. Cox, Christopher [R-CA-48], Sen. Crapo, Mike [R-ID], Rep. Cremeans, Frank A. [R-OH-6], Rep. Cunningham, Randy (Duke) [R-CA-50], Rep. DeLay, Tom [R-TX-22], Rep. Dickey, Jay [R-AR-4], Rep. Dornan, Robert K. [R-CA-46], Rep. Dunn, Jennifer [R-WA-8], Rep. Emerson, Bill [R-MO-8], Rep. Ehrlich, Robert L., Jr. [R-MD-2], Rep. Everett, Terry [R-AL-2], Rep. Foley, Mark [R-FL-16], Rep. Forbes, Michael P. [D-NY-1], Rep. Fowler, Tillie [R-FL-4]
Subjects
Defence
Source updated
21 August 2025
Summary
Defend America Act of 1996 - Expresses U.S. policy to deploy by the end of 2003 a National Missile Defense (NMD) system that: (1) is capable of providing a highly effective defense of U.S. territory against limited, unauthorized, or accidental ballistic missile attack; (2) will be augmented over time to provide a layered defense against larger and more sophisticated ballistic missile threats; and (3) does not feature an offensive-only form of deterrence. Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop for deployment an affordable and operationally effective NMD system which shall achieve an initial operational capability by the end of 2003. Outlines system elements, including the use of missile interceptors on the ground, at sea, and in space. Directs the Secretary to take specified actions to implement the NMD system development upon enactment of this Act, including the conduct of an integrated systems test by the end of 1998. Requires the Secretary to report to the Congress the Secretary's plans for the development and deployment of the NMD system. Urges the President to pursue high-level discussions with the Russian Federation to achieve an agreement to amend the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty to allow deployment of the NMD system. Requires the President to present any such agreement to the Senate for its advice and consent. Requires the President and the Congress, if such an agreement is not achieved within one year after enactment of this Act, to consider exercising the option of withdrawing the United States from the ABM Treaty.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
21 March 1996
Introduced
Referred to the Committee on National Security, and in addition to the Committee on International Relations, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Source: IntroReferral
21 March 1996
Introduced
Referred to the Committee on National Security, and in addition to the Committee on International Relations, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Source: IntroReferral
21 March 1996
Introduced
Introduced in House
Source: IntroReferral
21 March 1996
Introduced
Introduced in House
Source: IntroReferral
22 March 1996
Introduced
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR E423)
Source: IntroReferral
1 May 1996
Vote
Ordered to be Reported by the Yeas and Nays: 31 - 22.
Source: Committee
1 May 1996
Committee
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.
Source: Committee
16 May 1996
Calendars
Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 287.
Source: Calendars
16 May 1996
Discharge
Committee on International Relations discharged.
Source: Discharge
16 May 1996
Committee
Committee on International Relations discharged.
Source: Committee
16 May 1996
Introduced
House Committee on International Relations Granted an extension for further consideration ending not later than May 16, 1996.
Source: IntroReferral
16 May 1996
Reported
Reported by the Committee on National Security. H. Rept. 104-583, Part I.
Source: Committee
16 May 1996
Reported
Reported by the Committee on National Security. H. Rept. 104-583, Part I.
Source: Committee
16 May 1996
Reported
Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 438 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 3144 with 2 hours of general debate. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. The amendment in the nature of a substitute printed in the report of the Committee on Rules accompanying this resolution, if offered by Mr. Spratt or his designee, shall be in order without intervention of any point of order and shall be debatable for one hour, equally divided and controlled. Measure will be considered read. Bill is closed to amendments.
Source: Floor
Votes
No vote records are attached yet.
Versions
- Reported in House · 16 May 1996 · Download file
- Introduced in House · 21 March 1996 · Download file
Documents
5 official files
Reported in House (text)
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Reported in House (text)
Reported in House · EN · 16 May 1996
Reported in House (PDF)
Reported in House · EN · 16 May 1996
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Introduced in House (text)
Introduced in House · EN · 21 March 1996
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Introduced in House (PDF)
Introduced in House · EN · 21 March 1996
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Introduced in House
summary · EN · 21 March 1996
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Sponsors
- Rep. Livingston, Bob [R-LA-1] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Gingrich, Newt [R-GA-6] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Armey, Richard K. [R-TX-26] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Spence, Floyd [R-SC-2] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Gilman, Benjamin A. [R-NY-20] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Kasich, John R. [R-OH-12] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Hyde, Henry J. [R-IL-6] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Young, C. W. Bill [R-FL-13] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Hunter, Duncan [R-CA-52] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Hoke, Martin R. [R-OH-10] · R · Sponsor
- Rep. Baker, Richard H. [R-LA-6] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Ballenger, Cass [R-NC-10] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Barr, Bob [R-GA-7] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Barrett, Bill [R-NE-3] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bartlett, Roscoe G. [R-MD-6] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Barton, Joe [R-TX-6] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bateman, Herbert H. [R-VA-1] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bilbray, Brian P. [R-CA-50] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bilirakis, Michael [R-FL-9] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bliley, Tom [R-VA-7] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bonilla, Henry [R-TX-23] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bono, Sonny [R-CA-44] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Bryant, Ed [R-TN-7] · R · Cosponsor
- Sen. Bunning, Jim [R-KY] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Burton, Dan [R-IN-5] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Callahan, Sonny [R-AL-1] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Canady, Charles T. [R-FL-12] · R · Cosponsor
- Sen. Chambliss, Saxby [R-GA] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Chenoweth-Hage, Helen [R-ID-1] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Chrysler, Dick [R-MI-8] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Clinger, William F., Jr. [R-PA-5] · R · Cosponsor
- Sen. Coburn, Tom [R-OK] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Collins, Mac [R-GA-3] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Cox, Christopher [R-CA-48] · R · Cosponsor
- Sen. Crapo, Mike [R-ID] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Cremeans, Frank A. [R-OH-6] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Cunningham, Randy (Duke) [R-CA-50] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. DeLay, Tom [R-TX-22] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Dickey, Jay [R-AR-4] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Dornan, Robert K. [R-CA-46] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Dunn, Jennifer [R-WA-8] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Emerson, Bill [R-MO-8] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Ehrlich, Robert L., Jr. [R-MD-2] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Everett, Terry [R-AL-2] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Foley, Mark [R-FL-16] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Forbes, Michael P. [D-NY-1] · R · Cosponsor
- Rep. Fowler, Tillie [R-FL-4] · R · Cosponsor
Showing 48 of 174 sponsors and actors.
Related records
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/house-bill/3144
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/104/hr/3144
- us · 104-hr-3144 · source updated 21 August 2025