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Question· Question écrite16981open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs to the accelerated deterioration of the security situation in the Sahel and its implications for French interests. Since the withdrawal of French forces from Mali in 2022, Burkina Faso then Niger in 2023 and the American evacuation of the Agadez drone base in 2024, the region is experiencing a new phase of jihadist expansion documented by the main conflict monitoring organizations. According to ACLED data compiled by International Crisis Group, JNIM, the Sahel branch of Al-Qaeda, has been involved in 16,023 violent incidents since 2017, causing nearly 40,000 deaths in Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Benin and Togo. The Sahel Province of the Islamic State, for its part, has crossed a new threshold illustrated by the attack on Niamey airport in January 2026, then by that of the Tahoua military airport in March 2026. These operations combine skills (extended advance surveillance, mortar fire support, commercial drones with thermal vision), demonstrating a transfer of know-how between provinces of the organization. This dynamic raises direct questions for French interests. France retains nationals, businesses and partners in the countries coastal areas now exposed to jihadist expansion: Ivory Coast, Benin, Togo, Senegal. The JNIM claimed its first armed action in Nigeria in November 2025 and has carried out attacks in the northern areas of Ivory Coast, Benin and Togo since 2019. Furthermore, according to information reported by the journal Conflits citing ACLED data, a delegation from the Nigerien regime secretly met with executives of the JNIM in March 2026, suggesting a recomposition of political alliances which would directly affect the regional security environment. Finally, the growing presence of the Russian Africa Corps in the three countries of the Alliance of Sahel States, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, constitutes an additional factor in the reduction of French influence and the complexity of the strategic landscape. He asks him to specify what reading the Government made of the evolution of the jihadist threat in the Sahel since the French withdrawals of 2022-2023, particularly with regard to the capacity building of the Sahel Province of the Islamic State and the geographical extension of the JNIM towards the coastal countries and whether this reading gave rise to a formal reassessment of the French strategy in the region. He also asks what concrete measures the Government has taken or intends to take to protect French nationals, businesses and institutional partners in the coastal countries of West Africa now exposed to this threat, by specifying the state of diplomatic dialogue with these countries and the security cooperation arrangements maintained. Finally, he asks whether France still has sufficient intelligence capabilities to monitor operational dynamics in real time in a region from which it was militarily expelled and whether a multilateral framework is envisaged to fill the strategic vacuum left by successive Western withdrawals.
Question· Question écrite16957open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister Delegate to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty, responsible for artificial intelligence and digital technology, to the government announcements on artificial intelligence and the findings established by the Court of Auditors in its November 2025 report devoted to the national strategy for artificial intelligence (SNIA). If the Government presents France as a leading power in this area, 109 billion euros announced at the Paris AI Summit in February 2025, an additional 655 million via France 2030 announced in June 2026, the Court notes that several essential priorities of the SNIA, particularly in terms of initial and continuing training and support for the diffusion of AI in the economy, "have not been implemented implemented or have been implemented in a very limited way, at the risk of causing France to fall behind in a detrimental manner. She further notes that between the departure of the national coordinator for artificial intelligence in July 2025 and the arrival of his successor in March 2026, i.e. eight months, the national strategy was not piloted and this on a public policy qualified as a “national priority” by the Government itself. This assessment contrasts with the reality of technological power relations. According to the Stanford AI Index 2026, the United States of America invested $285.9 billion in private AI in 2025, compared to a fraction for Europe, and produced 40 notable AI models in 2024. France produced three. In infrastructure, three American providers control around 70% of the European cloud market in 2025, compared to 25% for European players in 2017: a regression of sovereignty over ten years despite the strategies successively announced. Dependence also lies in financing: the main investors in Mistral AI, presented as the French champion of sovereignty in generative AI, are non-European. Finally, the Government announces by the end of 2026 the deployment of a “single and sovereign conversational assistant” for all public officials, without the hosting infrastructure of this tool has been made public. He asks it to communicate an objective by objective assessment of the first and second phases of the national strategy for artificial intelligence, specifying for each of the quantified commitments made, in particular the objective of capturing 10 to 15% of the global market for embedded AI by 2025, the level of achievement observed and the documented gaps. He him also asks to specify which strategic decisions were delayed or could not be taken during the eight months of vacancy of the position of national coordinator and which measures now guarantee the continuity of interministerial management in the event of a new vacancy. Finally, he asks on which infrastructure the conversational assistant intended for public agents will be hosted, if this infrastructure is certified SecNumCloud by ANSSI and if the Government considers that a tool hosted on a non-sovereign infrastructure can be qualified as sovereign.
Question· Question écrite16920open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Ministry of Action and Public Accounts
Question· Question écrite16919open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Ministry of Action and Public Accounts
Question· Question écrite16901open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Ministry of Health, Families, Autonomy and People with Disabilities
Question· Question écrite16858open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister Delegate to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty, responsible for industry, to the absence of an operational strategy for France in terms of antimony supply. This metalloid, essential for the manufacture of munitions, missiles, tanks, flame retardants and solar panels, is classified as a raw material criticism by the European Commission since 2011. As early as March 2011, a Senate report “imperatively” called for an effort comparable to that made for fossil fuels for the benefit of strategic metals, in vain. Fifteen years later, France has no national mining production of antimony, no strategic stock constituted and declared and no sovereign refining capacity. The two French units existing ones, in Aisne and Pays de la Loire, only process imported ore. On September 15, 2024, China, controlling 50% of global mining production and 80% of refining, introduced a restricted export licensing regime on all antimony products, citing considerations of dual military and civilian use. The price of a ton of antimony, already increasing since 2020, increased by more than 200% over the year 2024, exceeding $32,500 per ton in October. This restriction is not a geopolitical surprise: China had already caused a first outbreak in 2011 by reducing its mining quotas. The Center for Strategic and International Studies noted at the time of the restrictions that the United States of America had stocks for twenty days of consumption and Germany had stocks of antimony ammunition for two days. France has not published any equivalent figure. Japan, on the other hand, has been building up strategic stocks of antimony for more than a decade through its national mineral resources agency, JOGMEC. The MP asks the Minister to specify the current level of French strategic stocks of antimony, whether civil or military, in tonnage and number of days of consumption covered and to indicate whether these data are subject to consolidated monitoring between the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of the Armed Forces. He also asks what concrete measures the Government has taken or intends to take to secure the national supply of antimony, particularly under the European Critical Raw Materials Act, and within what time frame France intends to build up strategic stocks comparable to those of its partners. He finally asks her to specify why, while antimony has been on the European Commission's list of critical materials since 2011 and the Senate warned that same year of the need to act, no national program for storage or diversification of the supply of antimony has been implemented over the past fourteen years and if the Government recognizes the lack of anticipation that this deficiency constitutes with regard to imperatives of industrial sovereignty and national defense.
Question· Question écrite16802open
France · National Assembly · 14 July 2026
M. Antoine Valentin attire l'attention de M. le ministre de l'Europe et des affaires étrangères sur la gestion du patrimoine immobilier de l'État à l'étranger. En mai 2025, la Cour des comptes a publié un rapport consacré à cette question (S2025-0579) dont les conclusions sont préoccupantes : la juridiction financière y relève de profondes failles structurelles dans la connaissance, le pilotage et l'entretien d'un parc qui incarne pourtant la présence de la France dans le monde et conclut que « les résultats sont encore loin des objectifs de la politique immobilière de l'État ». Ce parc représente, en juin 2024, 1 247 bâtiments dans 162 pays, pour une surface d'environ 1,2 million de mètres carrés et une valeur estimée entre 4,5 et 5 milliards d'euros. La France possède le troisième réseau diplomatique mondial, mais le ministère ne gère en réalité que 38,4 % des surfaces de la France à l'étranger, les autres échappant à toute coordination centralisée. La Cour pointe notamment l'absence d'inventaire exhaustif actualisé, un retard accumulé de travaux d'entretien faute de dotations suffisantes, une gouvernance dispersée entre plusieurs directions sans coordination effective et un modèle de financement fondé depuis 2006 sur les produits de cessions immobilières, revenant à financer le fonctionnement courant par la consommation du capital, au détriment de biens historiques et diplomatiques dont la valeur d'usage excède la valeur vénale. Il lui demande de bien vouloir communiquer la valeur actualisée du patrimoine immobilier géré par le ministère à l'étranger, par grande zone géographique, ainsi que la méthode d'évaluation retenue. Il lui demande également de préciser le montant annuel des crédits consacrés à l'entretien courant et à l'entretien lourd du parc pour les exercices 2020 à 2024 et si le ministère dispose d'une évaluation chiffrée du retard de maintenance accumulé. Il lui demande en outre quelles mesures concrètes le Gouvernement entend prendre pour remédier à la dispersion de la gouvernance entre la direction de l'immobilier et la direction de la sécurité diplomatique et si la création d'une structure de pilotage dédiée, évoquée depuis plus de quinze ans, est envisagée. Il lui demande enfin de dresser le bilan exhaustif des cessions immobilières réalisées depuis 2006, en précisant les montants perçus, leur affectation et la doctrine actuelle en matière d'arbitrage entre cession, rénovation et location et si le Gouvernement entend mettre fin au régime dérogatoire instituant ces cessions comme source principale de financement de l'entretien du réseau diplomatique.
Question· Question écrite16564open
France · National Assembly · 30 June 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of Action and Public Accounts to the relevance of maintaining, within the National Family Allowance Fund (CNAF), a so-called “communication and institutional relations” department, with regard, on the one hand, to the critical budgetary situation in which France finds itself and, on the other hand, to the strictly managerial mission that the social security code assigned to this organization. The state of national public finances shows an unprecedented deterioration since the post-war period. Public debt has crossed the threshold of 3,400 billion euros, or nearly 114% of gross domestic product, placing France among the most indebted states in the euro zone; at the same time, the public deficit, greater than 5.5% of GDP, is equivalent to more than 160 billion euros per year, while the annual debt burden now exceeds 55 billion euros, an amount greater than the budget devoted to national defense and close to that of school education. The result is that the requirement for sobriety, usefulness and rigor in the allocation of each public euro has never been so imperative, and more particularly with regard to organizations financed by national solidarity. It is in this context that the CNAF, with a consolidated budget of around 113 billion euros, the equivalent of the annual income tax, maintains a communications and institutional relations department whose scope, precise missions, staff and cost remain largely opaque to national representation. This department publishes and distributes in particular an institutional magazine addressed, at least in several exemplary, to each parliamentarian, as well as to a large network of institutions, administrations and opinion relays, without the justification, cost and volumes of this dissemination having ever been brought to the attention of Parliament. However, this practice calls for several observations of principle which reinforce each other. First of all, the CNAF is, under the terms of the social security code, a management operator: its mission consists of providing legal benefits to families and not of conducting a political or institutional communication policy vis-à-vis Parliament, which is by nature the responsibility of the Government and its central administrations. Then and inseparably, the distribution, using public funds, of a periodical promoting social benefits is similar, in its economics, to a form administrative self-promotion whose purpose with regard to the general interest seems all the more questionable as the beneficiaries already know their rights through other channels, website, online personal space, social workers and local services. Finally, and this is undoubtedly the most decisive, this expenditure is ultimately allocated to the product of social contributions and allocated taxes, that is to say on the resources that the legislator earmarks for the effective financing of family allowances and the support of families and not for the editorial production of a public operator. Consequently, the MP would first like to know the full annual cost: payroll, operating costs, external services, design, printing and delivery, of the communication and institutional relations department of the CNAF, its workforce in full-time equivalents, as well as the evolution of these expenses over the last five financial years. He then wishes, and in direct connection with this first point, to be informed on the circulation, the unit cost, the total annual cost and the list of recipients of the institutional magazine published by this department, in particular on the number of copies sent to each parliamentarian and on the legal basis of such diffusion. Beyond these factual elements, he asks it to kindly indicate whether such expenditure, financed in the final analysis by social contributions and the contribution of families, constitutes, in the budgetary context recalled, a useful and proportionate use of public money and more fundamentally, if public money is truly intended to promote social benefits to their beneficiaries rather than to provide these services themselves. Finally, he asks, as a logical extension of these questions, if the Government intends to remind social security organizations, particularly on the occasion of the next objectives and management agreement concluded with the CNAF, that institutional communication expenses cannot replace government action nor absorb resources which must be prioritized allocated to the services for which the funds are responsible.
Question· Question écrite16435open
France · National Assembly · 30 June 2026
Ministry of Action and Public Accounts
Question· Question écrite16342open
France · National Assembly · 30 June 2026
M. Antoine Valentin attire l'attention de Mme la ministre de l'agriculture, de l'agro-alimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire sur l'évolution des effectifs du ministère et de ses opérateurs depuis trente ans et sur l'absence de données consolidées permettant d'en apprécier l'ampleur réelle. Le nombre d'exploitations agricoles est passé de plus de 800 000 au début des années 1990 à moins de 400 000 aujourd'hui. La population active agricole a été divisée par deux en vingt-cinq ans. Dans le même temps, la part du secteur agro-alimentaire dans le PIB a reculé de 4,2 % en 1980 à environ 2 % aujourd'hui. On pourrait attendre de cette contraction structurelle du secteur une réduction proportionnelle de l'appareil administratif qui lui est consacré. Les données disponibles suggèrent que tel n'a pas été le cas. Les effectifs budgétaires du ministère stricto sensu sont passés de 31 682 agents en 1982 à environ 36 000 aujourd'hui, soit une hausse de l'ordre de 13 % sur la période, portée pour l'essentiel par l'enseignement agricole public. Mais ce chiffre ne reflète qu'une partie de la réalité. La Cour des comptes relevait dès 2009 que les effectifs du périmètre agricole élargi aux opérateurs avaient doublé entre 1980 et 2006, passant de 18 500 à près de 36 000 agents. Or depuis lors, aucune série consolidée annuelle distinguant les agents de mission des agents de l'enseignement et intégrant l'ensemble des opérateurs sous tutelle n'a été rendue publique de manière systématique. Cette opacité empêche toute évaluation sérieuse de l'adéquation entre les moyens humains mobilisés et l'évolution réelle du secteur. Il lui demande en conséquence de bien vouloir communiquer, pour chaque année depuis 1995 : premièrement, les effectifs réels du ministère de l'agriculture, en distinguant les agents des services centraux, des services déconcentrés et des établissements d'enseignement agricole public ; deuxièmement, les effectifs de l'ensemble des opérateurs placés sous tutelle du ministère, détaillés par opérateur, en précisant pour chacun la nature juridique, le mode de financement principal et la part des ressources provenant du budget du ministère ; troisièmement, pour les principaux opérateurs –FranceAgriMer, Agence de services et de paiement, ANSES, INRAE, ONF et établissements d'enseignement agricole – l'évolution annuelle des effectifs sur la même période, en distinguant agents titulaires et contractuels ; quatrièmement, les raisons pour lesquelles ces données consolidées ne font pas l'objet d'une publication systématique dans les documents budgétaires annexés au projet de loi de finances, alors même que la loi organique relative aux lois de finances impose une information complète du Parlement sur les moyens humains concourant à chaque mission de l'État.
Question· Question écrite16210open
France · National Assembly · 23 June 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of Action and Public Accounts to the real cost of organizing the G7 summit which was held in Évian-les-Bains from June 15 to 17, 2026, under the French presidency. The finance bill for 2026 included an envelope of 20 million euros for the logistical organization, preparatory diplomatic meetings and communication actions associated with the presidency French G7. This costing, retained in execution as a reference perimeter, does not, however, cover all of the real costs borne by the public authorities: it does not include the security costs assumed by the national and territorial law enforcement agencies, nor the interministerial coordination expenses, nor the possible additional costs incurred for the local authorities of the Lake Geneva region and the department of Haute-Savoie. It is recalled for comparison that the G7 summit in Biarritz, in August 2019, mobilized 13,200 police officers and gendarmes and generated a budget execution of 33.5 million euros on program 347 alone, to which was added additional compensation to traders to the tune of 1.4 million euros. The Court of Auditors had also noted the difficulty of tracing the costs in their entirety. security under other departmental programs. This same problem of budgetary clarity arises for the Evian summit, whose geographical location in the border zone generates specific costs for law enforcement, prefectural services and local authorities, without these amounts having been the subject of an official consolidated communication. As a deputy for the 3rd constituency of Haute-Savoie, directly concerned by the organization of this event and in view of the issues of budgetary transparency attached to the exercise of the French presidency of the G7, he asks it to please specify the real total cost of the organization of the G7 summit in Évian, distinguishing between expenses directly allocated to the program dedicated to the French presidency of the G7, security expenses relating to other ministerial programs (police national, national gendarmerie, army, internal intelligence), interministerial coordination expenses and institutional communication costs; the distribution of costs between the State and local authorities, specifying the nature and amount of the charges actually borne by the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, the Haute-Savoie department, the Pays d'Évian-Vallée d'Abondance community of communes and the municipality of Évian-les-Bains, as well as the compensation or reimbursement mechanisms provided by the State for the benefit of these communities; the total payroll of state agents, civil servants and contract workers, assigned to the organization and running of the summit, distinguishing between staff from the sovereign ministries (interior, armies, foreign affairs) and staff from other administrations mobilized, as well as the payroll of local authority agents requisitioned or mobilized exceptionally as part of the summit; the net financial impact for the territory, presenting on the one hand the economic benefits measured or estimated for the local economic fabric (accommodation, catering, service providers, subcontractors) and on the other hand the losses of activity suffered by traders, craftsmen and liberal professions of the territory due to traffic restrictions and security perimeters, as well as the compensation schemes put in place or envisaged. He asks him, in particular, if a report on the net cost-benefit balance for the Haute-Savoie territory will be established and made public within six months following the end of the summit. He wants this information to be transmitted in a consolidated document allowing Parliament to fully exercise its right to review the real cost for national and local public finances of organizing a G7 summit on national territory. He wants to know his position on this subject.
Question· Question écrite15966open
France · National Assembly · 16 June 2026
Ministry of Economy, Finance and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty
Question· Question écrite15785open
France · National Assembly · 9 June 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of the Interior to the serious difficulties that driving schools are encountering in the face of the reduction in the capacity to organize the practical driving license test. The reduction in the number of candidate presentation dates, combined with the entry into force, on January 1, 2024, of the reform lowering the legal age of first presentation for this exam from eighteen to seventeen years, has caused a structural imbalance between the supply of available places and a sharply increasing demand. If this reform responded to a legitimate objective of emancipation and mobility of young people, it took place in a context where the institutional capacities for organizing the exam were already insufficient to absorb the volume of candidates under satisfactory conditions. Two years after its entry into force, the effects of This reform on the examination system remains deeply worrying. In 2025, more than ninety departments will exceed the maximum regulatory period of forty-five days between two consecutive presentations for the practical test, provided for in article L. 221-5 of the Highway Code. The national median time is now around eighty-five days, with peaks reaching two to three months in urban areas. the most tense and up to six to nine months in certain rural or peri-urban areas. This situation results above all from a structural and chronic deficit of driving license and road safety inspectors (IPCSR): France today has only around 1,200 active agents compared to a demand exceeding 1.5 million annual presentations for the practical test of the B license alone. Driving schools, placed in on the front line of this crisis, are bearing the economic and organizational consequences with increasing acuteness. Each additional month of delay forces the establishment to plan additional training hours and therefore exposes the driving school to the risk of discouraged candidates resigning. The profession expressed its exasperation during a national mobilization on September 29, 2025. If the Government has already made several efforts, recruitment of at least 103 IPCSR in 2025 through two exceptional competition sessions, opening of 140,670 additional examination slots for the year and launch of a competition for 80 new inspectors for 2026, professional organizations argue that these provisions remain far below real needs and that the recruitments agreed will only reach their full operational effect at the end of a training period of almost eighteen months. The MP therefore wishes to question the Minister on the following five points: what was the number of presentations of candidates for the practical driving license test in Haute-Savoie for the years 2023, 2024 and 2025, as well as for the first quarter of the year 2026? What is the average time to obtain a invitation to the practical examination observed in 2026, both nationally and at the level of the Haute-Savoie department? What measures have already been implemented, or are currently being considered, to remedy the reduction in the number of available test places and to mitigate the effects on candidates and driving education establishments? How does the Government intend to deal with the structural increase in demand resulting from the lowering of the legal age of presentation to seventeen years? Is the use of overtime for driving license inspectors considered, in order to increase the number of examination sessions organized? He wishes to obtain details on this subject.
Question· Question écrite15376open
France · National Assembly · 26 May 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of National Education to the situation of physical and sexual violence in public and private school establishments under contract in view of the lack of transparency and information on the subject. The report of the commission of inquiry of the National Assembly on the modalities of state control and the prevention of violence in educational establishments, published on July 2 2025, highlighted profound statistical gaps regarding violence committed by adults against students, both in public education and in private contract education. The data transmitted by the ministry to the commission shows 280 acts classified as sexual violence in public establishments for the 2023-2024 school year alone, without it being possible to know the consequences. administrative and criminal and without comparable data being available for the private sector under contract. The rapporteurs themselves noted the insufficiency of the “Establishment facts” reporting tool to constitute a reliable, continuous and exhaustive statistical base on the scale of the entire national education system. The MP therefore wishes to question the Minister on the following three points: for each over the last five school years, how many reports or internal procedures have been opened, on the one hand by academic services against permanent or contractual agents of public education, on the other hand by the competent authorities against teachers or staff of private establishments under contract, for facts likely to relate to offenses of a sexual nature committed against minor students and what proportion of these reports resulted in a transmission to the public prosecutor in application of article 40 of the code of criminal procedure? Among public education agents and staff of private establishments under contract who have been the subject of a precautionary suspension or a measure of withdrawal of employment following such facts, what is the proportion having subsequently benefited from a transfer or recruitment in another establishment without a definitive disciplinary sanction having been pronounced and what is the average time observed between the opening of a disciplinary procedure and its outcome in these cases? Does the ministry have a dashboard making it possible to monitor, academy by academy and for all establishments under its supervision or control, the administrative and penal fate of agents and personnel implicated for such acts, covering both the public sector and the private sector under contract and if so, what are the main aggregate data available to date? He asks her for details on this subject.
Question· Question écrite15375open
France · National Assembly · 26 May 2026
Ministry of Sports, Youth and Community Life
Question· Question écrite14993open
France · National Assembly · 12 May 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of Ecological Transition, Biodiversity and International Negotiations on Climate and Nature to the essential and largely unknown contribution of hunting stakeholders to the conservation of the black grouse in the Alpine massifs and to the deleterious effects of recurring legal instability which is today weakening this commitment. The black grouse, emblematic bird of the subalpine level, sees its Alpine populations estimated between 14,000 and 20,000 adults according to the Observatory of Mountain Galliformes (OGM). If the species remains huntable under Directive 2009/147/EC known as the “Birds Directive”, its conservation status calls for increased vigilance. The main documented causes of the decline are well known to the OFB and the GMO: degradation and closure of habitats due to pastoral abandonment, tourist developments in wintering areas, inappropriate forest management and winter disturbance linked to unsupervised outdoor activities. Hunting pressure, strictly controlled by hunting plans and maximum authorized harvest (PMA) based on annual reproduction indices validated by the GMO, is not identified as a determining factor in decline by the available scientific literature. The reality on the ground is yet unambiguous: it is because the black grouse was hunted that the federations invested, over time, to preserve and restore its habitat. This apparent paradox is actually the very foundation of successful adaptive management. The departmental hunters' federations (FDC) and approved municipal hunting associations (ACCA) today constitute the operational backbone of knowledge and conservation of the species in the Alpine territories. Their action, carried out by trained volunteers and financed largely by contributions from the hunters themselves, covers missions of a considerable scale: annual demographic monitoring by song and pointing dog counts within the framework of GMO protocols, carrying out habitat diagnostics in the areas where the species is present, creation and maintenance of areas of peace and quiet. winter, marking of aerial cables dangerous for mountain avifauna, work to reopen environments and restore favorable habitats, awareness of users in winter sports resorts, Agrifauna conventions with the pastoral world. The Haute-Savoie Hunters’ Federation (FDC 74) concretely illustrates this reality. It has thus installed defenses, physical protection devices for areas of delivery and wintering of black grouse, in numerous stations in the department: Chamonix, Flaine, Les Houches, Le Grand-Bornand, Saint-Gervais, Samoëns, among others. These interventions, carried out in conjunction with ski area operators and municipalities, directly protect the sensitive areas for the winter survival of the species, where human disturbance is the strongest and most documented. This implication is not accessory: it is structural. Without the federations, no other actor, neither the State, nor the communities, nor the naturalist associations, today has the human resources, the territorial presence and the recurring financing necessary to carry out these missions on the scale of the Alpine massifs. However, for several seasons, the multiplication of contentious suspensions of prefectural orders opening hunting for black grouse, pronounced in particular in Haute-Savoie, in Hautes-Alpes and in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, creates deeply harmful legal instability. If each court decision responds to its own contentious logic, their accumulation produces a systemic effect: the calling into question of the adaptive management framework which is nevertheless scientifically supported and above all a real risk of progressive disengagement of the federations and their volunteers. Hunters who can no longer practice their activity in a territory cannot be expected indefinitely to finance and ensure conservation management. In Haute-Savoie, the annual hunting plan is based on a rigorous approach: modest samples set by prefectural decree on the basis of GMO indices, compulsory marking, individual logbook, real-time entry of achievements. This exemplary framework deserves to be preserved and consolidated, not weakened by recurring legal insecurity. Consequently, the MP would like to know the Government's intentions on the following points: what institutional recognition and what financial support does the ministry intend to provide to the departmental hunters' federations and the ACCAs for their missions of scientific monitoring of mountain galliformes and restoration of habitats? and installation of protection devices: defences, cable markings, quiet zones, which today constitute the operational backbone of black grouse conservation in the Alps? Is the Government considering stabilizing, by regulation or by instruction to prefects, the doctrine for supervising black grouse hunting, based on GMO reproduction indices and the PMA, in order to secure legally the prefectural decrees and to put an end to an annual cycle of litigation which weakens the long-term commitment of actors in the field without demonstrated benefit for the conservation of the species? What concrete measures does the ministry intend to take to address the main factors of decline identified by the OFB and the OGM, unsupervised winter disturbance linked to outdoor activities, developments in areas wintering, closure of environments by pastoral abandonment, in a logic of equitable sharing of the conservation effort between all mountain users and not solely the responsibility of hunting actors? Does the Government intend to take the necessary measures to legally secure the framework for black grouse hunting, a sine qua non condition for maintaining the long-term commitment of the federations in the field, in order to guarantee the sustainability of the missions of demographic monitoring, habitat restoration and protection of quiet areas which today rely on their sole voluntary and financial investment? Finally, he asks him if the Government intends to ask the environmentalist associations behind the appeals to leave their Parisian offices in order to replace the hunters on the ground to protect the black grouse. He wishes obtain details on these questions, which involve both the sustainable preservation of the black grouse and the fair recognition of an exemplary field commitment, carried out for decades by hunters in the Alpine valleys.
Question· Question écrite14758open
France · National Assembly · 28 April 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of Action and Public Accounts to the consequences, for multi-pension cross-border retirees residing in France, of the administrative doctrine established by rescript BOI-RES-RSA-000219 of the general directorate of public finances. These retirees, who have contributed throughout their working lives to the French and foreign social security systems, benefit until recently from a mechanism for capping social contributions, CSG, CRDS and CASA, limiting their base to the amount of the pension paid by the French regime. This mechanism, resulting from the Nikula case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, constituted an elementary protection of proportionality between the levies required and the rights actually available under the French regime. By its decision no. 473997 of October 25, 2024, the Council of State has ruled that the provisions of Article 30 of Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004, in their current wording, do not require the competent Member State to limit the amount of social contributions up to the pension it pays. Asked about the consequences of this decision by written question no. 03301 from Senator Schillinger, the Government responded, in its response published in the Official Journal of the Senate on May 15, 2025, that the decision of the Council of State was limited to pensions paid in capital and that the Nikula cap remained applicable to pensions paid in the form of an annuity. However, the rescript BOI-RES-RSA-000219, subsequently published by the general directorate of public finances, explicitly contradicts this position. It indicates that pensions from foreign sources are now subject to social contributions “without their holder can benefit from any capping", whether these pensions are paid as an annuity or in capital. It expressly specifies that the ministerial response “is reported in its contrary” to these new details. The Government therefore, by means of an administrative rescript, officially retracted a response that it had itself provided to Parliament a few weeks earlier. This situation is unprecedented in its form and particularly serious in its effects: retirees who had relied on the assurances given by the Government to the national representation are today exposed to deductions without ceiling on their entire pensions, including for the current financial years. Please note that this development is not the result of any decision by the French legislator. It results from the change in wording introduced during the transition from Regulation No. 1408/71 to Regulation No. 883/2004, applied to Franco-Swiss relations since 2012, without Parliament ever having to decide on the removal of the protection from which these retirees benefited. The rescript itself recognizes that European Union law does not prevent France from reestablishing a capping mechanism by legislative means. Consequently, the MP asks the Government to specify, on the one hand, the reasons why the position expressed in the ministerial response was retracted by way of rescript without any prior information having been brought to the attention of Parliament; on the other hand, if the Government intends to take measures to protect multi-pension cross-border retirees from the retroactive effects of this change in doctrine; and finally, if the Government is willing to support a legislative initiative aimed at restoring, in national law, the capping mechanism that the change in European regulations removed without the national representation having deliberated.
Question· Question écrite14696open
France · National Assembly · 28 April 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Minister of Labor and Solidarity to the limits of the optional transport bonus system provided for in Article L. 3261-3 of the Labor Code, allowing employers to cover all or part of the fuel or power costs for electric, rechargeable hybrid or hydrogen vehicles incurred by their employees for their home-work journeys. Many leaders companies, particularly in mountain areas such as the Arve valley, wish to support the purchasing power of their employees who are forced to use their personal vehicles for lack of a satisfactory collective alternative. However, the current regime raises three difficulties. Firstly, the eligibility conditions set out in article L. 3261-3 (residence or place of work in a municipality not served by a public transport service). regular collective transport or outside the scope of a mandatory mobility plan, or special working hours) exclude a significant proportion of employees who are actually dependent on their personal vehicle and expose employers to a risk of URSSAF recovery in the event of extensive application. Secondly, the annual ceilings for exemption from social contributions and income tax, set since 2025 at 300 euros for fuel costs and 600 euros for powering decarbonized vehicles, renewed for 2026 by article 68 of the finance law, appear unsuitable for the real evolution of individual mobility costs. Thirdly, the connection between the transport bonus, the sustainable mobility package (article L. 3261-3-1), the compulsory payment of subscriptions (article L. 3261-2) and mileage allowances remains particularly complex, as evidenced by the need for the Official Social Security Bulletin to have published a clarification on December 29, 2025. It therefore asks whether the Government plans, on the one hand, to relax the eligibility conditions of article L. 3261-3 in order to allow employers who so wish to extend the bonus to all of their employees dependent on their personal vehicle, on the other hand, to reassess the exemption ceilings and finally to simplify the rules for cumulation between the different systems for covering home-work mobility costs.
Question· Question écrite14117open
France · National Assembly · 7 April 2026
Ministry delegated to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty, responsible for industry
Question· Question écrite13927answered
France · National Assembly · 31 March 2026
La diminution du nombre de personnes détenues étrangères est un levier important de la lutte contre la surpopulation carcérale. Au 1er avril 2026, la population pénale comptait 88 419 personnes détenues, dont 21 329 de nationalité étrangère, soit 24,2 % de l'ensemble, proportion globalement stable depuis 2022. Les nationalités les plus représentées sont l'Algérie (5,9 %), le Maroc (2,1 %), la Tunisie (1,75 %), la Roumanie (1,1 %) et le Portugal (0,6 %). La circulaire du 21 mars 2025, adressée aux procureurs généraux et procureurs des tribunaux judiciaires, ainsi qu'aux directeurs interrégionaux des services pénitentiaires, a permis de renforcer la prise en charge des personnes détenues de nationalité étrangère définitivement condamnées. Ce texte marque également la création d'une mission dédiée aux détenus étrangers, destinée à mettre en œuvre des protocoles aimed at l'amélioration de la coordination entre les établissements pénitentiaires et les services du ministère de l'Intérieur pour la mise en œuvre des mesures d'éloignement des étrangers incarcérés. Afin de renforcer le recours à ces dispositifs, une « mission étrangers » a été créée à l'été 2025, composée d'un magistrat, d'un directeur des services pénitentiaires et d'un représentant du ministère de l'intérieur. Cette équipe a conduit un travail approfondi dans the whole ofs directions interrégionales des services pénitentiaires afin d'identifier les freins opérationnels, d'harmoniser les pratiques et de mobiliser the whole ofs acteurs judiciaires et administratifs. Cette démarche s'inscrit en complément de la circulaire adressée aux magistrats en mars 2025, aimed at systématiser l'examen des situations des personnes détenues étrangères dès le stade de la condamnation.Afin de renforcer le recours à ces dispositifs, une « mission étrangers » a été créée à l'été 2025, composée d'un magistrat, d'un directeur des services pénitentiaires et d'un représentant du ministère de l'intérieur. Cette équipe a conduit un travail approfondi dans the whole ofs directions interrégionales des services pénitentiaires afin d'identifier les freins opérationnels, d'harmoniser les pratiques et de mobiliser the whole ofs acteurs judiciaires et administratifs. Cette démarche s'inscrit en complément de la circulaire adressée aux magistrats en mars 2025, aimed at systématiser l'examen des situations des personnes détenues étrangères dès le stade de la condamnation. A ce titre, le recours aux libérations conditionnelles expulsion (LCE), dispositif qui permet une libération anticipée de personnes détenues condamnées faisant l'objet d'une mesure d'éloignement, a fortement progressé, passant de 1 039 en 2023 et 1 152 en 2024 à 1 500 en 2025 (+ 44 %), avec une dynamique encore renforcée sur les trois premiers mois de l'année 2026 (+ 33 % par rapport à 2025 et + 70 % par rapport à 2024). En 2024, le coût moyen d'une journée de détention s'élevait à 129,33 euros, dont 95,48 euros de dépenses de personnel et 33,86 euros de dépenses d'exploitation. Il s'élevait à 133,75 euros pour les centres de détention, 128,39 euros pour les centres pénitentiaires, 118,16 euros pour les maisons d'arrêt, 262,27 euros pour les maisons centrales, 94,02 euros pour les centres de semi-liberté et 699,03 euros pour les établissements pour mineurs. Enfin, s'agissant des statistiques d'entrées et de sorties des personnes détenues de nationalité étrangère, nos outils sont en cours de perfectionnement et ne nous permettent pas pour le moment de produire les données demandées.
Question· Question écrite13631answered
France · National Assembly · 17 March 2026
Mr. Antoine Valentin draws the attention of the Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice, to the inadequacy of the systems for preventing the throwing of illicit objects in many remand centers and in particular at the Bonneville remand center. The absence or inadequacy of anti-projectile protection favors the projection of prohibited goods, in particular narcotics and prohibited objects, affecting the safety of penitentiary establishments, the conditions for carrying out the missions of prison administration personnel as well as public peace and quiet around the sites concerned. If certain technical constraints, relating to the architectural characteristics of the infrastructures and in particular the surrounding walls, can prevent the installation of conventional nets, there are nevertheless proven alternative solutions, such as as modular mast nets, adaptable to various real estate configurations, including in old establishments or those presenting specific structural constraints. These devices have also been successfully deployed in several prison establishments. In this context, he asks him to please specify the reasons why this equipment is not the subject of a priority deployment plan. in remand centers identified as particularly exposed to screenings and if it intends to initiate a strategy of generalization of these devices. He also asks him, more specifically, when the Bonneville remand center will be equipped with an anti-projectile device.
Question· Question écrite13629answered
France · National Assembly · 17 March 2026
Au 1er avril 2026, la population pénale comptait 88 419 personnes détenues, dont 21 329 de nationalité étrangère, soit 24,2 % de l'ensemble, proportion globalement stable depuis 2022. Les nationalités les plus représentées sont l'Algérie (5,9 %), le Maroc (2,1 %), la Tunisie (1,75 %), la Roumanie (1,1 %) et le Portugal (0,6 %). La circulaire du 21 mars 2025, adressée aux procureurs généraux et aux procureurs des tribunaux judiciaires, ainsi qu'aux directeurs interrégionaux des services pénitentiaires, a permis de renforcer la prise en charge des personnes détenues de nationalité étrangère définitivement condamnées. Ce texte prévoit la création d'une mission dédiée aux détenus étrangers, destinée à mettre en œuvre des protocoles destinés à améliorer la coordination entre les établissements pénitentiaires et les services du ministère de l'Intérieur, pour la mise en œuvre des mesures d'éloignement des étrangers incarcérés. Plusieurs leviers sont activés par le ministère de la Justice afin de diminuer le nombre de personnes détenues étrangères dans les établissements pénitentiaires. D'une part, le recours aux libérations conditionnelles expulsion, dispositif qui permet une libération anticipée de personnes détenues condamnées faisant l'objet d'une mesure d'éloignement, a nettement progressé, passant de 1 039 en 2023 et 1 152 en 2024 à 1 500 en 2025 (+ 44 %), avec une dynamique encore renforcée sur les trois premiers mois de l'année 2026 (+ 33 % par rapport à 2025 et + 70 % par rapport à 2024). Au 1er avril 2026, environ 2 000 personnes détenues pourraient être éligibles à ce dispositif. Conformément aux dispositions de article 729-2 du Code de procédure pénale, le prononcé d'une libération conditionnelle expulsion reste une décision judiciaire à la discrétion de l'autorité judiciaire, plus précisément du juge d'application des peines. Par ailleurs, le recours à la reconnaissance mutuelle de jugement (RMJ) permet l'exécution de la peine dans l'Etat européen d'origine, par le transfèrement de la personne détenue; ce dispositif concerne exclusivement les personnes détenues condamnées ressortissantes d'Etats membres de l'Union européenne. Le nombre de transfèrements liés à des RMJ a doublé entre 2024 et 2025; et la dynamique de valorisation de ce mécanisme se poursuit sur les trois premiers mois de l'année 2026. Au 1er avril 2026, environ 2 000 personnes détenues pourraient être éligibles à ce dispositif. En vertu des dispositions de article 728-23 du Code de procédure pénale, la reconnaissance d'un jugement français par un Etat tiers, ainsi que le transfèrement de la personne détenue, restent soumis à l'acceptation de cet Etat, lequel prend dès lors en charge l'exécution de la peine de la personne détenue. De nouvelles conventions bilatérales avec les partenaires étrangers sont en cours de discussion et des revues de dossiers sont fréquemment tenues entre les établissements pénitentiaires et les parquets. Enfin, s'agissant de la maison d'arrêt de Bonneville, au 1er avril 2026, son taux d'occupation s'élève à 164 %, avec 307 personnes détenues pour 187 places opérationnelles.
Question· Question écrite13627open
France · National Assembly · 17 March 2026
M. Antoine Valentin appelle l'attention de M. le garde des sceaux, ministre de la justice, sur l'organisation de certaines audiences judiciaires et, plus particulièrement, sur l'introduction éventuelle de pauses destinées à permettre à certaines personnes présentes dans les audiences de rompre un jeûne religieux. Plusieurs sources concordantes ont en effet signalé l'existence d'aménagements dans le déroulement de certaines audiences, notamment devant des juridictions criminelles, consistant à prévoir des suspensions de séance afin de coïncider avec l'heure de rupture du jeûne, permettant ainsi à certains prévenus, spectateurs, victimes ou professionnels participant à l'audience de se restaurer. De tels aménagements auraient notamment été observés au tribunal judiciaire d'Annecy lors d'audiences tenues les mardi 3 mars et mercredi 4 mars 2026. Dans la mesure où l'organisation des audiences relève du bon fonctionnement du service public de la justice et doit s'inscrire dans le respect des principes d'impartialité et de neutralité de l'institution judiciaire, ces informations interrogent sur l'existence éventuelle d'instructions ou de pratiques administratives relatives à la prise en compte de considérations religieuses dans la conduite des audiences. Dans ce contexte, il lui demande, d'une part, de bien vouloir confirmer l'exactitude de ces informations et de préciser si de tels aménagements ont effectivement été mis en œuvre dans certaines juridictions. Il lui demande, d'autre part, d'indiquer si ces pratiques résultent d'initiatives locales relevant de l'organisation matérielle des audiences par les juridictions concernées ou si elles s'inscrivent dans le cadre de consignes, orientations ou recommandations émanant de la Chancellerie. Il lui demande enfin de bien vouloir préciser la position du Gouvernement sur cette question et, plus largement, les principes qui doivent guider l'organisation des audiences judiciaires au regard des exigences de neutralité du service public de la justice et du bon déroulement des procédures.